scholarly journals Slurs, Pejoratives, and Hate Speech

Philosophy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela Popa-Wyatt
Keyword(s):  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Hate Speech ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
The Social ◽  
Evaluative Language ◽  
Second Category

Slurring is a type of hate speech meant to harm individuals simply because of their group membership. It not only offends but also causes oppression. Slurs have some strange properties. Target groups can reclaim slurs, so as to express solidarity and pride. Slurs are noted for their “offensive autonomy” (they offend regardless of speakers’ intentions, attitudes, and beliefs) and for their “offensive persistence,” as well as for their resistance to cancellation (they offend across a range of contexts and utterances). They are also noted for their “offense variation” (not all slurs offend equally) and for the complicity they may induce in listeners. Slurs signal identity affiliations; they cue and re-entrench ideologies. They subordinate and silence target members and are sometimes used non-derogatorily. Slurs raise interesting issues in the philosophy of language and linguistics, social and political philosophy, moral psychology, and social epistemology. The literature on slurs also connects to socio-psychological theory, critical race theory, and legal philosophy. There are two main types of questions: those of a social nature and those of a linguistic nature. In the first category are questions such as, “What social and psychological effects do slurs create and how do they create them?” In the second category we ask, “What sort of linguistic properties do slurs have and what do those properties tell us about theories of language, reference and meaning?” Researchers also try to accommodate the answers to these questions with a unified theory (i.e., to explain how the linguistic properties of slurs bring about harm). Others are concerned with the social significance of slurs, their relation to harm and discrimination, and how to remedy them. One related question is whether slurring utterances are constitutive of (or cause) harm. This underpins debates on free speech and specifically the legal question of whether slurs should be regulated speech. Other linguistic problems are definitional. How do slurs differ from pejoratives, insults, swear words, and offensive behavior? Within the realm of evaluative language, how do slurs compare to Fregean “coloring” and hybrid terms such as moral, “thick,” and evaluative terms?

Suchasna ukrayinsʹka sotsiolinhvistyka: rozvytok teoriyi i prykladni aspekty doslidzhenʹ u pratsyakh predstavnykiv Lʹvivsʹkoho sotsiolinhvistychnoho oseredku

2020 ◽  
pp. 149-171
Author(s):  
Irena Mytnik ◽  
Mar’yana Roslyts’ka
Keyword(s):  
Family Communication ◽  
Hate Speech ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Linguistic Landscape ◽  
Language Management ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Language Discrimination ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Church

The article is devoted to some aspects of the analysis of the interaction of language and society in the modern paradigm. Its results relate to the formation of the content of such categories as “Ukrainian sociolinguistic tradition”, “periods of the development of knowledge about the social nature of language”, “sociological direction in Ukrainian linguistics”, “codification”, “codification on a folk basis”, “asymmetric communication situation”, “social - individual nature of family communication”, “social nature of a name”, “social functions of the Ukrainian language in the church”, “conversion to Orthodoxy of Greek Catholics”, “Ukrainization in the 20-30s of the twentieth century”. Researchers also analyze modern aspects of language-nation interaction, language-national security, the concept of “institutional language management”, “language discrimination”, “hate speech as a form of discursive discrimination”, “linguistic landscape”, informal names in the socio-group “ students”, communication in the socio-group “political elite”, etc. In general, the results obtained in the works of representatives of Lviv sociolinguistic circle contribute to the development of the terminological system and the categorical base of historical, theoretical, applied and cognitive sociolinguistics.

scholarly journals Strategizing: Opening New Avenues in Latin-America. A Systematic Literature Review

AD-minister ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 165-193
Author(s):  
Martha Eugenia Reyes-Sarmiento ◽  
Luz María Rivas-Montoya
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
The Social ◽  
Practice Turn ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Suitable Concept ◽  
Second Category

Strategizing is a research field devoid of epistemological, theoretical and methodological unity. Instead of seeing it as a disadvantage, we show how this plurality boosts the convergence of different points of view in the practice turn of strategy that challenges its conventional perspective. Through this systematic literature review we detected research opportunities in Latin-America, as well as in the categories of Strategizing such as practices and practitioners. In the first category, we suggest trust as a suitable concept for research on the social nature of practices. And in the second category, customers claim further attention as relevant actors in the creating-delivering-capturing value cycle of the business level strategy.

V.V. Rozanov Among Parties and Politicians

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 165-170
Author(s):  
Aleksey V.  Lomonosov
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Editorial Office ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Political Ideas ◽  
Political Journalism ◽  
Political Views ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Press ◽  
Journal Editorial ◽  
Political Essays

The article reveals the social significance of determining the political views of V.V. Rozanov in the system of the thinker’s worldview. The correlation of these views with his political journalism is shown. The genesis of social and political ideas of V.V. Rozanov is revealed. The author specifies his ideological predecessors in the sphere of public thought of the late 19th century and the thinker’s affiliation with the conservative political camp of Russian writers. The author of the article also gives coverage of the V.V. Rozanov’s polemical publications in the press. He outlines the circle of political sympathies and determinative constants in the political views of Rozanov-publicist and proves his commitment to the centrist political parties. The author examines the process of Rozanov’s socio-political views evolution at the turn of the 19th–20th centuries, and the related changes in his political journalism. The evaluations are based on the large layer of Rozanov’s newspaper publicism in the years of 1905–1917. To determine the Rozanov’s position in the “New time” journal editorial office and to reveal the motives of his political essays the author of the article used epistola

LEGAL ESSENCE OF ANCIENT PROVERBS AND SAYS AND THEIR SOCIAL SIGNIFICANCE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Dranishnikova ◽  
Ivan Semenov
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
The Public ◽  
Moral Standards ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Status Position

The national legal system is determined by traditional elements characterizing the culture and customs that exist in the social environment in the form of moral standards and the law. However, the attitude of the population to the letter of the law, as a rule, initially contains negative properties in order to preserve personal freedom, status, position. Therefore, to solve pressing problems of rooting in the minds of society of the elementary foundations of the initial order, and then the rule of law in the public sphere, proverbs and sayings were developed that in essence contained legal educational criteria.

The Logic of Affect

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Markwica
Keyword(s):  
Choice Behavior ◽  
Choice Theory ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Coercive Diplomacy ◽  
Limited Ability ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
The Social ◽  
Alternative Action ◽  
Action Model

Chapter 2 develops the logic of affect, or emotional choice theory, as an alternative action model besides the traditional logics of consequences and appropriateness. Drawing on research in psychology and sociology, the model captures not only the social nature of emotions but also their bodily and dynamic character. It posits that the interplay between identities, norms, and five key emotions—fear, anger, hope, pride, and humiliation—can shape decision-making in profound ways. The chapter derives a series of propositions how these five key emotions tend to influence the choice behavior of political leaders whose countries are targeted by coercive diplomacy. These propositions specify the affective conditions under which target leaders are likely to accept or reject a coercer’s demands. Even when emotions produce powerful impulses, humans will not necessarily act on them, however. The chapter thus also incorporates decision-makers’ limited ability to regulate their emotions into the logic of affect.

The Social Significance of Mobility: An Omaha Study

1950 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 559-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Earl Sullenger
Keyword(s):  
Social Significance ◽  
The Social

The Tinder Games: Collective mobile dating app use and gender conforming behavior

2021 ◽  
pp. 205015792110050
Author(s):  
Sabrina Sobieraj ◽  
Lee Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
Dating Apps ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Multi Phase ◽  
Gender Specific

Mobile dating apps like Tinder became very popular among young adults, and, in contrast to mobile dating websites, they were designed to create a more game-like experience. While it is well documented that seeking entertainment is one core motivation for mobile dating app use, the social nature of entertainment has garnered less attention. Therefore, in this paper we draw on research on entertainment in dating apps and the socio-physical contexts of use to identify patterned behaviors of heterosexual users. To do this, we employed a qualitative multi-phase research approach. First, we conducted 20 interviews with mobile dating app users. Based on the findings from that study, we conducted gender-specific focus groups and a discourse analysis to explore the social phenomena identified in phase one. Our findings suggest the fun of mobile dating is not just interacting with potential matches through the apps, but the use of the apps among one’s friends. These “dating games” are entertaining, but importantly mitigate potential social or physical risks of mobile dating. Unsurprisingly, notions of “play” across the interview, focus group, and discourse analyses reflect highly gendered practices surrounding mobile dating apps and different risks associated with such games.

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