Rufino’s Employers

The Story of Rufino ◽

10.1093/oso/9780190224363.003.0010 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 96-108

Author(s):

João José Reis ◽

Flávio dos Santos Gomes ◽

Marcus J. M. de Carvalho ◽

H. Sabrina Gledhill

Keyword(s):

West Africa ◽

Trading Activities ◽

Trading Firm ◽

Vast Network

Rufino’s employers are the focus of this chapter. The Ermelinda’s owner was José Francisco de Azevedo Lisboa, a slave trader also known by the nickname Azevedinho (little Azevedo). He was well-known to the British authorities for his extensive slave trading activities in Angola, West Africa, Bahia, and Pernambuco in the 1830s and 1840s. He was the equivalent of the CEO of a large slave trading firm based in Recife that brought together some of the wealthiest local merchants, such as Angelo Francisco Carneiro, later Viscount of Loures, and had formed a vast network of connections with slave dealers all over Brazil. According to an investigation by the British, this organization smuggled massive numbers of slaves to Brazilian shores.

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James Rogers and the Bristol slave trade*

Historical Research ◽

10.1111/1468-2281.00172 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 76 (192) ◽

pp. 189-216 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Kenneth Morgan

Keyword(s):

West Africa ◽

Slave Trade ◽

Business Failure ◽

Credit Crisis ◽

Middle Passage ◽

Trading Activities ◽

The Caribbean

Abstract This article examines the business failure of James Rogers, a large Bristol slave trader, within the context of the operation of the late British slave trade in west Africa, on the Middle Passage, and in the Caribbean. Based on a large cache of surviving manuscripts, the article shows that the credit crisis of 1793 led to the demise of Rogers's mercantile career but also that his business collapse stemmed from over-extending his slave trading activities, from relatively poor profit levels, and from attempts to expand his trading portfolio in the eighteen months before the national financial crash.

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Adjustment to West African realities: the Lebanese in Senegal

Africa ◽

10.2307/1160207 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 60 (4) ◽

pp. 538-549 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Saïd Boumedouha

Keyword(s):

West Africa ◽

Economic Activity ◽

West African ◽

Colonial Period ◽

Political Leaders ◽

Great Demand ◽

Trading Activities ◽

The Subject ◽

Opening Paragraph ◽

Mixed Reaction

Opening ParagraphThe century-old Lebanese presence in West Africa has been the subject of mixed reaction from the host societies. While many Africans, including political leaders, have defended this presence in the belief that it has been very beneficial for their countries, others have strongly criticised it, arguing that the Lebanese have blocked the way to Africans in trade, repatriated their capital and used many kinds of malpractices in their trading activities. In Senegal, which is the subject of this article, French small and medium traders opposed the presence of the Lebanese during the colonial period because the latter became their main competitors. The groundnut trade was the country's main economic activity and there was a great demand for this product in Europe. The major European companies were keen to increase exports and, in this, they relied on the Lebanese who, in the first decades of this century, acted as middlemen.

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Technology, Trade and ‘A Race of Native Capitalists’: The Krio Diaspora of West Africa and the Steamship, 1852–95

The Journal of African History ◽

10.1017/s0021853700032552 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 421-440 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Martin Lynn

Keyword(s):

West Africa ◽

New Technology ◽

West African ◽

Small Scale ◽

The West ◽

Steam Power ◽

Trading Activities ◽

Import Trade ◽

The Impact ◽

Opening Up

This article examines the impact of the introduction of the new technology of steam power into the West African trade in the second half of the nineteenth century. One of the changes that the introduction of steampower was expected to lead to was the opening up of the trade to small-scale African traders such as the Krios. Many Krios did make use of the steamships to extend their trading activities and entered areas previously ignored. Many used the steamship services to develop a coastwise trade; others, particularly in the Niger Delta, used them to enter the export trade to Britain. Yet others pioneered the use of steam launches, particularly on the River Niger and along the Slave Coast. In time however, such Krios found their ability to utilize the opportunities provided by the steamships under assault, partly from the European traders' counter-attack and partly from the general depression in the West African trade – itself indirectly caused by the introduction of the steamship – that set in by the 1870s. By the end of the century the position of Krios in the export-import trade of West Africa was being severely squeezed, just as it was in other areas of West African life. For them, steam power did not prove to be the boon it had been anticipated as being.

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Considering a Regional Approach to Combating Human Trafficking in the Caribbean: The ECOWAS Example

Slavery Today Journal ◽

10.22150/stj/itzp7500 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 67-90

Author(s):

Jill St. George ◽

Tom Durbin

Keyword(s):

West Africa ◽

Human Trafficking ◽

Regional Cooperation ◽

Regional Approach ◽

Regional Organisations ◽

The Caribbean ◽

Regional Agreements ◽

Vast Network ◽

Current Practices

This paper seeks to explore the current practices employed in two regional organisations with regards combating human trafficking. Both West Africa, through ECOWAS, and the Caribbean, through CARICOM, have established regional agreements with neighbouring states to achieve regional cooperation where possible. However CARICOM policies are in their infancy with regards human trafficking, while ECOWAS has a vast network of agreements in place. This paper will consider the successes of the ECOWAS agreements and their possible assistance and relevance to the Caribbean to assist in CARICOM’s fight against human trafficking.

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