‘Verses on Russian Poetry’

Mandelstam's Worlds ◽

10.1093/oso/9780198857938.003.0005 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 197-243

Author(s):

Andrew Kahn

Keyword(s):

Evolutionary Model ◽

Russian Poetry ◽

Survival Of The Fittest ◽

Productive Method

The chapter considers Mandelstam’s 1932 ‘Verses on Russian Poetry’ as an act of engagement with Soviet critical debates on poetry and ideology, and on the nature of the poetic canon. The cycle has been deemed to illustrate Mandelstam at his most hermetic and even backward-looking, read as poems that put up a verbal screen. In fact, it is highly topical and draws heavily on contemporary newspaper material about literary groups and reviews of his own work. A new, productive method of reading such difficult texts is proposed here by showing how closely the cycle assimilates its horizon of expectation, using the language of parable, allegory, visual emblem, and political quotation. Flowing out of the events described in Chapter 1, the cycle asks whether there are limits to the evolutionary model of survival of the fittest that operates in an age of class warfare, and whether in a poetic world that formerly cultivated dialogue the poet still has a place.

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Why do people believe in a zero-sum economy?

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x18000389 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Samuel G. B. Johnson

Keyword(s):

Perspective Taking ◽

Evolutionary Model ◽

Everyday Experience ◽

Coalitional Psychology ◽

The Face ◽

Zero Sum

AbstractZero-sum thinking and aversion to trade pervade our society, yet fly in the face of everyday experience and the consensus of economists. Boyer & Petersen's (B&P's) evolutionary model invokes coalitional psychology to explain these puzzling intuitions. I raise several empirical challenges to this explanation, proposing two alternative mechanisms – intuitive mercantilism (assigning value to money rather than goods) and errors in perspective-taking.

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Quick Reference: Chapter 1: The Musculoskeletal System: The Hand and Upper Extremity

Guides Newsletter ◽

10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.2000.sepoct03 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

pp. 4-5

Keyword(s):

Dorsal Column ◽

Persistent Pain ◽

Illness Behavior ◽

Abnormal Illness Behavior ◽

Organ Systems ◽

Spinal Cord Dorsal ◽

Objective Basis ◽

Dorsal Column Stimulation ◽

Underlying Pathology

Abstract Spinal cord (dorsal column) stimulation (SCS) and intraspinal opioids (ISO) are treatments for patients in whom abnormal illness behavior is absent but who have an objective basis for severe, persistent pain that has not been adequately relieved by other interventions. Usually, physicians prescribe these treatments in cancer pain or noncancer-related neuropathic pain settings. A survey of academic centers showed that 87% of responding centers use SCS and 84% use ISO. These treatments are performed frequently in nonacademic settings, so evaluators likely will encounter patients who were treated with SCS and ISO. Does SCS or ISO change the impairment associated with the underlying conditions for which these treatments are performed? Although the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides) does not specifically address this question, the answer follows directly from the principles on which the AMA Guides impairment rating methodology is based. Specifically, “the impairment percents shown in the chapters that consider the various organ systems make allowance for the pain that may accompany the impairing condition.” Thus, impairment is neither increased due to persistent pain nor is it decreased in the absence of pain. In summary, in the absence of complications, the evaluator should rate the underlying pathology or injury without making an adjustment in the impairment for SCS or ISO.

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Fifth Edition: the New Standard

Guides Newsletter ◽

10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.2000.novdec01 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Christopher R. Brigham ◽

James B. Talmage ◽

Leon H. Ensalada

Keyword(s):

Musculoskeletal System ◽

Medical Information ◽

Objective Assessment ◽

Scientific Data ◽

Practical Application ◽

Fourth Edition ◽

Appropriate Use ◽

Medical Evaluation ◽

Single Set

Abstract The AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), Fifth Edition, is available and includes numerous changes that will affect both evaluators who and systems that use the AMA Guides. The Fifth Edition is nearly twice the size of its predecessor (613 pages vs 339 pages) and contains three additional chapters (the musculoskeletal system now is split into three chapters and the cardiovascular system into two). Table 1 shows how chapters in the Fifth Edition were reorganized from the Fourth Edition. In addition, each of the chapters is presented in a consistent format, as shown in Table 2. This article and subsequent issues of The Guides Newsletter will examine these changes, and the present discussion focuses on major revisions, particularly those in the first two chapters. (See Table 3 for a summary of the revisions to the musculoskeletal and pain chapters.) Chapter 1, Philosophy, Purpose, and Appropriate Use of the AMA Guides, emphasizes objective assessment necessitating a medical evaluation. Most impairment percentages in the Fifth Edition are unchanged from the Fourth because the majority of ratings currently are accepted, there is limited scientific data to support changes, and ratings should not be changed arbitrarily. Chapter 2, Practical Application of the AMA Guides, describes how to use the AMA Guides for consistent and reliable acquisition, analysis, communication, and utilization of medical information through a single set of standards.

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