Rethinking Energy at the Crossroads

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy Estimates ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

The discovery of oil in Pennsylvania in 1859 was a relatively inconspicuous precursor to what would become an epic shift into the modern age of energy. At the time, the search for “rock oil” was driven by a perception that lighting fuel was running out. Advances in petrochemical refining and internal combustion engines had yet to occur, and oil was more expensive than coal. In less than 100 years, oil gained worldwide prominence as an energy source and traded commodity. Along similar lines, electricity in the early 1900s powered less than 10% of the homes in the United States. Yet, in under a half a century, billions of homes around the world were equipped to utilize the refined form of energy. Estimates indicate that roughly 85% of the world’s population had access to electricity in 2014 (World Bank, n.d.b). For both petroleum and electricity, significant changes in energy use and associated technologies were closely linked to evolutions in infrastructure, institutions, investment, and practices. Today, countless decision-makers are focusing on transforming energy systems from fossil fuels to low carbon energy which is widely deemed to be a cleaner, more sustainable form of energy. As of 2016, 176 countries have renewable energy targets in place, compared to 43 in 2005 (Renewable Energy Policy Network for the 21st Century [REN21], 2017). Many jurisdictions are also setting increasingly ambitious targets for 100% renewable energy or electricity (Bloomberg New Energy Finance [BNEF], 2016). In 2015, the G7 and G20 committed to accelerate the provision of access to renewables and efficiency (REN21, 2016). In conjunction with all of the above priorities, clean energy investment surged in 2015 to a new record of $329 billion, despite low, fossil fuel prices. A significant “decoupling” of economic and carbon dioxide (CO2) growth was also evident, due in part to China’s increased use of renewable energy and efforts by member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) to foster greater use of renewables and efficiency (REN21, 2016).

scholarly journals Enhancing the Efficiency of Gasoline Engines using Solar Powered Supercharger

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1980-1983
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Mechanical Efficiency ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Gasoline Engines ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Solar Powered

The world presently depends heavily on nonrenewable sources of energy like crude oils. These conventional energy sources have certain limitations, that is, they will eventually run out, fuel prices can rise without warning and most importantly growing environmental concerns over the climate change associated with the release of CO2 on burning fossil fuels[1]. Renewable energy is the key to a clean energy future. In the last few decades, solar energy is the fastest growing renewable energy source[2]. We can harness this energy of the sun in increasing the efficiency of our automobiles. Forced induction system (supercharger and turbocharger) in automobiles helps in the improvement of the efficiency of internal combustion engines by pushing extra atmospheric air into the cylinder which results in the proper combustion of fuel and thus reducing the smoke from the exhaust gas. Conventional Supercharger draws power from the engine and though the overall mechanical efficiency is increased but some energy is lost in powering the supercharger. The main purpose of this paper is to develop a solar-powered supercharger which will not consume extra power from the engine and thus increase the overall efficiency of the engine along with a reduction in CO2 emission.

2. Why do we need renewables?

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-29
Author(s):  
Nick Jelley
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Net Zero ◽  
Dangerous Climate Change ◽  
Low Carbon Energy

‘Why do we need renewables?’ describes the dangers of fossil fuels and explains the importance of renewable energy as an alternative. It shows that the use of fossil fuels causes global warming and climate change, leading to widespread concern, and also to a growing realization of the harm caused by the air pollution from coal burning and from internal combustion engines in cars and lorries. These threats are causing a switch away from fossil fuels to renewables that is gaining impetus from the growing awareness of the increased intensity and frequency of extreme weather seen in recent years. This transition is also being aided by the falling price of clean energy from renewables, in particular, solar and wind farms, which will become the dominant sources. The area of land or sea required for these farms is readily available, as are the back-ups required to handle their variability. Alternative supplies of low-carbon energy are examined. In the Paris Agreement in 2015, it was recognized that carbon dioxide emissions must reach net-zero by 2050 to avoid dangerous climate change.

Social, Environmental and Economic Impacts of Adopting Clean Energy Use

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Razi ◽  
Yousaf Ali
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Crucial Issue ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Alternative Solutions

These days, the excessive industrialization, elevated levels of pollution, and the increased energy crisis has led nations towards the use of renewable energy sources. Through the use of renewable energy sources, global warming can also be decreased, which is currently the biggest environmental issue worldwide. Pakistan, being a developing country, relies on the use of fossil fuels for the generation of electricity. The alarming increase in population, energy consumption per capita and energy wastages lead to a shortfall. To resolve this crucial issue, the alternative solutions considered include the use of renewable sources of energy such as hydro, solar and wind. The use of these renewable energy sources is governed by various environmental, economic and social parameters. The influence of these parameters on the use of renewable energy sources is studied through the use of DEMATEL and revised DEMATEL techniques.

scholarly journals Research on New and Traditional Energy Sources in OECD Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Li ◽  
Yung-ho Chiu ◽  
Tai-Yu Lin
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Oecd Country ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
New Energy

To mitigate the problems associated with climate change, the low-carbon economy concept is now being championed around the world in an effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and ensure sustainable economic growth. Therefore, to reduce the dependence on traditional energy sources, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has been actively promoting the use of renewable energy. Past research has tended to neglect the influence of other pollutants such as fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) and have mainly been based on static analyses. To make up for these research gaps, this study examined OECD country data from 2010–2014, with labor, fixed assets, new energy, and traditional energy as the inputs, and Gross Domestic Product (GDP), carbon dioxide (CO2), and PM2.5 as the outputs, from which it was found: (1) the overall efficiency of the individual countries varied significantly, with nine countries being found to have efficiencies of 1 for all five years, but many others having efficiencies below 0.2; (2) in countries where there was a need for improvements in traditional energy (which here refers to coal, petroleum and other fossil energy sources), there was also a significant need for improvement in new energy sources (which here refers to clean energy which will produce pollutant emissions and can be directly used for production and life, including resources like nuclear energy and “renewable energy”); (3) countries with poor traditional energy and new energy efficiencies also had poor CO2 and PM2.5 efficiencies; (4) many OECD countries have made progress towards sustainable new energy developments

scholarly journals GREEN ENERGY: AN ANALYTICAL DISCOURSE

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Baluch ◽  
S. Mohtar ◽  
A. S. Ariffin
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
To Come

The climate change, the global warming, the population growth and the continuous demand on energy and electricity in specific made renewable energy one of the most appropriate and fitting to answer all these changes of our environment. However, the vested interested groups belonging to the fossil fuel cartel continue working tirelessly to discourage the use of renewable energy and renewable energy solutions in the world. Despite the recusant efforts of the Oil Cartel, renewable energy use has grown much faster than anyone anticipated. This paper: defines green and renewable energy; highlights its benefits; and illustrates that clean energy technologies are prepared for accelerated and widespread expansion in the global power sector. The paper critically examines the recusant efforts of the Oil Cartel undermining green renewable energy sector by bankrolling the production of unconventional oil and gas; and demonstrates that over-reliance on fossil fuels for power generation has significant health, environmental, and economic risks and is not a long-term solution to our energy needs. The paper concludes that a global transition to renewable energy is already underway. Renewable Energy offers an alternative to conventional sources and grants us greater control over future energy prices and supply. The energy choices we make during this pivotal moment will have huge consequences for our health, our climate, and our economy for decades to come.

scholarly journals Management of Renewable Energy Sources and Technologies for Turkey

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. H. Sahin ◽  
B. Yelmen ◽  
C. Kurt
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency

Utilization of alternative sources named as new and renewable energy sources; Due to technological development and difficulties in competing economically with traditional resources, it has not reached the desired level until today. Due to the rapid increase in energy consumption today; It is a fact proved by scientific findings that fossil fuels will be consumed in the near future. Therefore, in the development of countries; Providing timely, reliable, clean and uninterrupted energy, creating a market environment, in other words, successful implementation of energy management have become imperative. Energy has become one of the most important problems of the world countries today. As is known, the lifetimes of energy sources such as coal and oil are limited. In addition, due to the use of fossil fuels; It is a fact that global warming is increasing day by day. In the light of the data obtained, for our energy needs; alternative solutions should be found, renewable energy sources should be evaluated. The importance of renewable energy sources has increased as the problems related to environmental pollution increase, and projects related to them have started to get support. These energy sources can basically be classified as hydroelectric energy, wind energy, solar energy, geothermal energy, modern biomass energy and hydrogen energy. Economic and efficient operation of new and renewable energy sources should be transformed into a common understanding in order to provide clean energy. In this study, energy production methods from green energy sources, environmental relations and new technologies used with these energy sources are explained. It has been compared among energy sources; In Turkey, energy management issues are discussed, new and renewable clean energy use efficiency and energy saving and new strategies are determined. In addition, recommendations were made on energy use efficiency and energy saving measures in various sectors.

scholarly journals Economic Perspective on Discontinuing Fossil Fuel Subsidies and Moving toward a Low-Carbon Society

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1217
Author(s):  
Kyungwon Park ◽  
Yoon Lee ◽  
Joon Han
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium Model ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Fuel Subsidies ◽  
Fossil Fuel Subsidies

In Korea, multiple efforts, including subsidies to energy industries, have been made to increase renewable energy use and strengthen the competitiveness of renewable energy industries. Ironically, a considerable number of subsidies have also been provided for fossil fuels, drawing criticism both within Korea and overseas that these subsidies increase not only fossil fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, but also energy market distortion. Thus, the Korean government announced a plan to discontinue some fossil fuel subsidies in 2020. Based on Korea’s policy orientation to expand renewable energy and strengthen its competitiveness, various scenarios to phase out fossil fuel subsidies and increase renewable energy subsidies can be examined. This study used the computable general equilibrium model to subdivide the energy sector and analyze the influence of changes in subsidies on the Korean economy and CO2 emissions based on three scenarios. The results show that phasing out fossil fuel subsidies causes a significant reduction in domestic CO2 emissions by −6.9 to −8.5%, depending on our scenarios. Implementing energy policy in Korea may have minimum impacts on its economy when fossil fuel subsidies transfer to renewable energy industries. The real gross domestic product could be only decreased by −0.04 to −0.14%.

Social, Environmental and Economic Impacts of Adopting Clean Energy Use

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-70
Author(s):  
Muhammad Razi ◽  
Yousaf Ali
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Environmental Issue ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Alternative Solutions

These days, the excessive industrialization, elevated levels of pollution, and the increased energy crisis has led nations towards the use of renewable energy sources. Through the use of renewable energy sources, global warming can also be decreased, which is currently the biggest environmental issue worldwide. Pakistan, being a developing country, relies on the use of fossil fuels for the generation of electricity. The alarming increase in population, energy consumption per capita and energy wastages lead to a shortfall. To resolve this crucial issue, the alternative solutions considered include the use of renewable sources of energy such as hydro, solar and wind. The use of these renewable energy sources is governed by various environmental, economic and social parameters. The influence of these parameters on the use of renewable energy sources is studied through the use of DEMATEL and revised DEMATEL techniques.

scholarly journals Public Participation as a Tool for Preserving the Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 04004
Author(s):  
Hen Friman ◽  
Yafa Sitbon ◽  
Ifaa Banner ◽  
Yulia Einav
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Environmental Education ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Energy Field ◽  
World Energy ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas ◽  
Institute Of Technology

Environmental Education is the key for creating a clean energy future for not only the nation, but the world. World Energy Consumption relies heavily on coal, oil, and natural gas. Fossil fuels are non-renewable, that is, they rely on finite resources that will eventually dwindle, becoming too expensive or too environmentally damaging to retrieve. In contrast, renewable energy resources, such as wind and solar energy, are constantly replenished and will never run out. Due to the rising need for professionals and academics with a background and understanding in the Energy field, Holon Institute of Technology (HIT) developed an integral system of environmental education and training and a new program at the Faculty of Electrical Engineering. The Renewable Energy program gives the students technical and practical aspects of energy use (technology and methodology of the study) and energy efficiency. The program also deals with minimizing the environmental impacts of energy use, as well as with energy economy and environmental policy. This article presents a new challenge. Teach environmental issues with language difficulties. Israeli Hebrew speaker students, teach environmental education in Arab school with Arabic speaker pupils’.

Renewable energy selection based on a new entropy and dissimilarity measure on an interval-valued neutrosophic set

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
ShuoYan Chou ◽  
Truong ThiThuy Duong ◽  
Nguyen Xuan Thao
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Membership Function ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Multiple Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Dissimilarity Measure ◽  
Neutrosophic Set ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
And Performance

Energy plays a central part in economic development, yet alongside fossil fuels bring vast environmental impact. In recent years, renewable energy has gradually become a viable source for clean energy to alleviate and decouple with a negative connotation. Different types of renewable energy are not without trade-offs beyond costs and performance. Multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) has become one of the most prominent tools in making decisions with multiple conflicting criteria existing in many complex real-world problems. Information obtained for decision making may be ambiguous or uncertain. Neutrosophic is an extension of fuzzy set types with three membership functions: truth membership function, falsity membership function and indeterminacy membership function. It is a useful tool when dealing with uncertainty issues. Entropy measures the uncertainty of information under neutrosophic circumstances which can be used to identify the weights of criteria in MCDM model. Meanwhile, the dissimilarity measure is useful in dealing with the ranking of alternatives in term of distance. This article proposes to build a new entropy and dissimilarity measure as well as to construct a novel MCDM model based on them to improve the inclusiveness of the perspectives for decision making. In this paper, we also give out a case study of using this model through the process of a renewable energy selection scenario in Taiwan performed and assessed.

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