Administrative decision-making on the frontline

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Martin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Welfare To Work ◽  
Main Section ◽  
Initial Decision ◽  
Sociological Inquiry

This chapter explores decision-making at the frontline of public administration. It begins by asking what might be meant by ‘the frontline’, who frontline decision-makers are, and why they are worthy of study. It proceeds to identify the contribution of administrative justice scholarship to initial decision-making before sketching wider disciplinary engagement with frontline administration and the research methods adopted. With this platform in place, the chapter adopts the micro-, meso-, and macro- levels of sociological inquiry to structure the analysis of various factors that influence decision-making on the frontline. This main section of the chapter reviews empirical studies of administrative agencies, from tax inspectors and welfare-to-work officials to reviewers of criminal appeals and police officers. The chapter concludes by reflecting on what administrative justice’s particular analytical focus and scholarly preoccupations might yet offer the study of frontline decision-making, drawing attention to juridification, agency statutory interpretation, and ethical duties.

Internal review systems and administrative justice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Mullen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Judicial Review ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Administrative Organization ◽  
Initial Decision ◽  
Internal Review ◽  
Administrative Justice

Internal review is a process whereby an administrative organization reconsiders its own decisions. The rationales typically offered for internal review are that it provides a means of challenging administrative decisions which is more accessible, quicker, and more cost-effective than external remedies such as appeals to tribunal and judicial review, and encourages improvement in the quality of initial decision-making in public administration. This chapter reviews the use made of internal review and evaluates the performance of several existing systems of internal review, concluding that they have failed to deliver the benefits claimed for them. Possible reasons for this failure are discussed and suggestions made as to what is required for internal review systems to achieve the aims to providing effective remedies for bad decisions and to contributing to improving initial decision-making.

scholarly journals HOSPITAL MANAGERS’ NEED FOR INFORMATION ON HEALTH TECHNOLOGY INVESTMENTS

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 414-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Mette Ølholm ◽  
Kristian Kidholm ◽  
Mette Birk-Olsen ◽  
Janne Buck Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Core Model ◽  
Informational Needs ◽  
The Core ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Assessment Of Evidence

Objectives: There is growing interest in implementing hospital-based health technology assessment (HB-HTA) as a tool to facilitate decision making based on a systematic and multidisciplinary assessment of evidence. However, the decision-making process, including the informational needs of hospital decision makers, is not well described. The objective was to review empirical studies analysing the information that hospital decision makers need when deciding about health technology (HT) investments.Methods: A systematic review of empirical studies published in English or Danish from 2000 to 2012 was carried out. The literature was assessed by two reviewers working independently. The identified informational needs were assessed with regard to their agreement with the nine domains of EUnetHTA's Core Model.Results: A total of 2,689 articles were identified and assessed. The review process resulted in 14 relevant studies containing 74 types of information that hospital decision makers found relevant. In addition to information covered by the Core Model, other types of information dealing with political and strategic aspects were identified. The most frequently mentioned types of information in the literature related to clinical, economic and political/strategic aspects. Legal, social, and ethical aspects were seldom considered most important.Conclusions: Hospital decision makers are able to describe their information needs when deciding on HT investments. The different types of information were not of equal importance to hospital decision makers, however, and full agreement between EUnetHTA's Core Model and the hospital decision-makers’ informational needs was not observed. They also need information on political and strategic aspects not covered by the Core Model.

Deciding for Responsibility and Legitimation: Alternative Interpretations of Organizational Decision‐Making

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Brunsson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Decision Processes ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Organizational Decision Making ◽  
Empirical Validity ◽  
Organizational Action ◽  
National Governments

Recent studies have questioned the empirical validity of the equating of decision and choice and pointed at another role that organizational decisions sometimes play — the role of mobilizing organizational action, a role that requires less rationality than choice. But choice and mobilization are not the only roles of decision-making and decisions in organizations. This chapter argues that two additional roles exist — decisions may allocate responsibility and legitimacy to decision-makers and organizations. The chapter also considers how the different roles can explain the design of decision processes, the use of information and the number of decisions in organizations. The discussion is based on empirical studies of decision processes in such organizations: in local governments, national governments, and company boards. The eight decision processes studied concern city budgets, investments and disinvestments, and governmental programmes.

Increasing Spatial Awareness by Integrating Internet Geographic Information Services (GIServices) with Real Time Wireless Mobile GIS Applications

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 42-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Hsiang Tsou ◽  
Ick Hoi Kim
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Information Services ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Spatial Awareness ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Mobile Gis ◽  
Wireless Mobile

Spatial awareness is one of the fundamental decision making capabilities for human beings. Two key information technologies, Internet Geographic Information Services (GIServices) and wireless mobile Geographic Information Systems (GIS) can enhance the spatial awareness of decision makers and facilitate more efficient and comprehensive decision making processes. Internet GIServices provide a collaborative communication environment for sharing data, information and knowledge among multiple decision makers and stakeholders. Wireless mobile GIS combines both geospatial information and Global Positional Systems (GPS) coordinates from remotely located field-based personnel to spatial decision support systems (SDSS). By adopting broadband wireless telecommunication technology for connecting Internet GIServices and mobile GIS devices, decision makers can gather near real time information from field personnel and equally quickly distribute updated information back to the field. Communicated via wireless devices and web applications, interactive and dynamic geographic information services will enhance spatial awareness of decision makers, field personnel (such as fire fighters and police officers), and the general public.

scholarly journals The imaginary of a moderncity: Post-politics and Myanmar’s urban development

Urban Studies ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 004209802110440
Author(s):  
Tamas Wells ◽  
Vanessa Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Change ◽  
North America ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Project Planning ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Military Coup ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
Utopian Vision

Theories of ‘post-politics’ provide a lens through which to analyse contemporary urban development. Yet empirical studies examining this ‘age of post-politics’ are few, especially outside of Europe and North America. This article examines the promise and limits of notions of post-politics through the case of planning for New Yangon City, a multi-billion dollar urban development in Myanmar (Burma). While the 2021 military coup has now made the future of the project uncertain, our research conducted in 2019 revealed similar dynamics at play to those described more broadly in the literature on post-politics. We highlight familiar processes of delegation of decision-making, a proliferation of governance actors and an individualisation of policy issues. What is distinctive in Myanmar is the way a coalition of elite decision-makers have diluted and defused policy disagreements through the construction of a utopian vision of a modern international city. We see this imaginary of the modern city as a tactic to support the broader efforts of depoliticisation. This diverges from arguments that the imagination of social change is curtailed through the pragmatic post-political notion that ‘there is no alternative’. Instead, in the context of New Yangon City, utopian vision is integral to depoliticisation and limiting dissent. We conclude that attention to processes of depoliticisation is crucial in relation to mega project planning in Asia, and that a productive way forward for studies of urban development is not wholesale acceptance or dismissal of the notion of post-politics, but robust engagement with its critiques and promise.

scholarly journals Administrative Decisions in the Era of Artificial Intelligence

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 253-271
Author(s):  
Mateusz Pszczyński
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Administrative Discretion ◽  
Building Trust

The rapid development of cybernetics allows the use of artificial intelligence in many areas of social and economic life. The State can also harness algorithms and machine learning for its actions. Automatic decision making should be one of the stages in the development and improvement of public administration. While it is easy to implement these solutions in the case of related decisions, decisions made under administrative discretion, general clauses or valuation standards pose a challenge. The correct transformation of paper-based public administration into automatic public administration requires a change in decision makers’ thinking, the introduction of new solutions, and building trust in artificial intelligence. Therefore, new solutions have to be built in accordance with the principles of transparency, accountability, equality, goodness and justice. Artificial intelligence making automatic decisions on behalf of the State must be a tool to support the execution of public tasks concerning citizens which is based on trust towards AI and public administration.

scholarly journals A Systematic review of ontology-based approach and decision-making (DM) to improve public service delivery (PSD)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 629-640
Author(s):  
Rozaina Ali ◽  
Ahmad Shaharudin Abdul Latiff ◽  
Sazali Abdul Wahab
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Public Service Delivery ◽  
The Subject

A systematic review of the DM literature on PSD was performed with the aim to build an operational ontology-based for decision makers. Five public administration journals were screened on the subject with more than 200 articles found. 29 articles were shortlisted, categorised, summarised, and applied to outline the influential factors in DM for PSD. The result of the systematic reviews also provided a brief clarification on the requirement for the creation of a more citizen-centric and coordinated eco-system for efficient PSD underpinned by effective DM.

Decision making based on intuitionistic fuzzy preference relations with additive approximate consistency

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 4041-4058
Author(s):  
Fang Liu ◽  
Xu Tan ◽  
Hui Yang ◽  
Hui Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Real Interval ◽  
Preference Relations ◽  
Intuitionistic Fuzzy ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Fuzzy Preference Relations ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
Fuzzy Weights ◽  
Fuzzy Preference

Intuitionistic fuzzy preference relations (IFPRs) have the natural ability to reflect the positive, the negative and the non-determinative judgements of decision makers. A decision making model is proposed by considering the inherent property of IFPRs in this study, where the main novelty comes with the introduction of the concept of additive approximate consistency. First, the consistency definitions of IFPRs are reviewed and the underlying ideas are analyzed. Second, by considering the allocation of the non-determinacy degree of decision makers’ opinions, the novel concept of approximate consistency for IFPRs is proposed. Then the additive approximate consistency of IFPRs is defined and the properties are studied. Third, the priorities of alternatives are derived from IFPRs with additive approximate consistency by considering the effects of the permutations of alternatives and the allocation of the non-determinacy degree. The rankings of alternatives based on real, interval and intuitionistic fuzzy weights are investigated, respectively. Finally, some comparisons are reported by carrying out numerical examples to show the novelty and advantage of the proposed model. It is found that the proposed model can offer various decision schemes due to the allocation of the non-determinacy degree of IFPRs.

Sustainable Illegality: Gagauz Women in Istanbul

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bayram Unal
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Ethnic Origin ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Preferential Treatment ◽  
National Group ◽  
Turkish Migrants ◽  
Illegal Migrants ◽  
Sociological Inquiry ◽  
The Social

This study deals with survival strategies of illegal migrants in Turkey. It aims to provide an explanation for the efforts to keep illegality sustainable for one specific ethnic/national group—that is, the Gagauz of Moldova, who are of Turkish ethnic origin. In order to explicate the advantages of Turkish ethnic origin, I will focus on their preferential treatment at state-law level and in terms of the implementation of the law by police officers. In a remarkable way, the juridical framework has introduced legal ways of dealing with the illegality of ethnically Turkish migrants. From the viewpoint of migration, the presence of strategic tools of illegality forces us to ask not so much law-related questions, but to turn to a sociological inquiry of how and why they overstay their visas. Therefore, this study concludes that it is the social processes behind their illegality, rather than its form, that is more important for our understanding of the migrants’ survival strategies in destination countries.

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