scholarly journals 91 Mental Health Burden of Adolescents with Dysautonomia

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. e37-e38
Author(s):  
Claire Galvin ◽  
Astrid De Souza ◽  
Jim Potts ◽  
Penny Sneddon ◽  
Shubhayan Sanatani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
The Body ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Health Challenge ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Mental Health Challenges ◽  
Mental Health Challenge

Abstract Background Dysautonomia of Adolescence (DAOA) results from a dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system during puberty and affects multiple organ systems in the body. Symptoms have a significant impact on quality of life (QoL) with many adolescents reporting a poorer QoL compared to other pediatric chronic illness populations. Furthermore, there is a paucity of research looking at underlying mental health conditions in patients with DAOA that might be contributing to poor QoL. Objectives The aim of this review was to characterize the underlying mental health status of patients with DAOA followed in a tertiary care DAOA Clinic. Design/Methods Single-centre retrospective chart review (January 2017-November 2019) of all current patients followed in a tertiary care DAOA Clinic. Mental health challenges were classified as significant symptoms reported and/or formal diagnosis of anxiety, depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, eating disorders, somatization, mood disorders, suicidal ideation, and self-harm. Frequency tables were generated for all categorical variables. Results Seventy-three patients are currently being followed in the DAOA clinic. Fifty-five of 73 (75%) had some form of mental health challenge including 11 (15%) which had a history of suicidal ideation and/or self-harm, 12 (17%) had no mental health concerns, and 6 (8%) are unknown. Of the 55 patients with a mental health challenge, 27 (49%) were diagnosed with a mental health condition prior to formal DAOA diagnosis and 10 (18%) were diagnosed after DAOA diagnosis. Eighteen (14%) reported symptoms of a mental health challenge but no confirmed mental health diagnosis. A breakdown of mental health symptoms and diagnoses are shown in Table 1. Of the 73 current patients, 41 (56%) accessed psychology services either through the DAOA Clinic or in the community, 9 (12%) have been referred to other health care services, and 8 (11%) did not access services. Psychiatric services were required by 15 patients (21%). Conclusion Three-quarters of DAOA patients report some mental health challenges. This emphasizes the need for psychology to support patients with DAOA. It is unclear as to whether a mental health challenge exacerbates symptoms of DAOA or DAOA symptoms negatively impact their mental health.

The role of television in perceptions of dangerousness

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-196
Author(s):  
Louise Alexander ◽  
Jade Sheen ◽  
Nicole Rinehart ◽  
Margaret Hay ◽  
Lee Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Television News ◽  
Mental Illness Stigma ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Health Challenge ◽  
Television Media ◽  
Mental Health Challenges ◽  
Mental Health Challenge

PurposeThis critical review of historical and contemporary literature explores the role of television media in the prevalence of stigma towards persons experiencing a mental health challenge. In addition to this, the purpose of this paper is to examine the notion of perceived dangerousness, which is a concept where persons with mental illness are thought by others to be inherently dangerous.Design/methodology/approachA vigorous search of databases was undertaken for articles published between 2000 and 2016. Some seminal literature prior to 2000 was used to compare historical data with current literature. In total, 1,037 publications were reviewed against inclusion criteria.FindingsWhile mental illness stigma has received much attention in the literature, television media and public perceptions of dangerousness have not. While these concepts are complex and multi-factorial, what we do understand is that approaches to address stigma have been largely unsuccessful, and that persons experiencing mental health challenges continue to be significantly disadvantaged.Practical implicationsImplications to practice for clinicians working in mental health on this issue have not been adequately explored within the literature. While media guidelines assist journalists to make informed choices when they portray mental health issues in television news, there are no such guidelines to inform drama television viewing.Originality/valueSignificantly, television’s role in perpetuation of perceptions of dangerousness has not been adequately explored as a combined co-occurring factor associated with the stigmatisation and avoidance of persons experiencing a mental health challenge. In an era when mental health challenges are on the rise, it is of great importance that we collectively seek to minimise negative impacts and improve the experiences of those with a mental health challenge through addressing stigma both individually and in television media.

Life, lifestyle and location: examining the complexities of psychological distress in young adult Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 541-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Davison ◽  
T. Nagel ◽  
G. R. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Indigenous Australians ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Self Harm

Mental health is fundamental to an individual’s health and well-being. Mental health disorders affect a substantial portion of the Australian population, with the most vulnerable time in adolescence and young adulthood. Indigenous Australians fare worse than other Australians on almost every measure of physical and mental health. Cross-sectional data from young adults (21–27 years) participating in the Life Course Program, Northern Territory, Australia, is presented. Rates of psychological distress were high in remote and urban residing Indigenous and urban non-Indigenous young adults. This rate was more pronounced in young women, particularly in Indigenous remote and urban residing women. Young adults with high psychological distress also had lower levels of positive well-being, higher perceived stress levels, experienced a higher number of major life events and were at an increased risk of suicidal ideation and/or self-harm. This study supports the need for a continued focus on early screening and treatment at this vulnerable age. The significant association seen between psychological distress and other markers of emotional well-being, particularly risk of suicidal ideation and/or self-harm, highlights the need for a holistic approach to mental health assessment and treatment. A concerted focus on improving the environs of young adults by lowering levels of stress, improving access to adequate housing, educational and employment opportunity, will assist in improving the emotional health of young adults.

scholarly journals Association between recognition and help-seeking preferences and stigma towards people with mental illness

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Picco ◽  
E. Abdin ◽  
S. Pang ◽  
J. A. Vaingankar ◽  
A. Jeyagurunathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Perceived Stigma ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
The Relationship

Aims.The ability to recognise a mental illness has important implications as it can aid in timely and appropriate help-seeking, and ultimately improve outcomes for people with mental illness. This study aims to explore the association between recognition and help-seeking preferences and stigmatising attitudes, for alcohol abuse, dementia, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and schizophrenia, using a vignette-based approach.Methods.This was a population-based, cross-sectional survey conducted among Singapore Residents (n = 3006) aged 18–65 years. All respondents were asked what they think is wrong with the person in the vignette and who they should seek help from. Respondents were also administered the Personal and Perceived sub scales of the Depression Stigma Scale and the Social Distance Scale. Weighted frequencies and percentages were calculated for categorical variables. A series of multiple logistic and linear regression models were performed separately by vignette to generate odd ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the relationship between help-seeking preference, and recognition and beta coefficients and 95% confidence intervals for the relationship between stigma and recognition.Results.Correct recognition was associated with less preference to seek help from family and friends for depression and schizophrenia. Recognition was also associated with increased odds of endorsing seeking help from a psychiatric hospital for dementia, depression and schizophrenia, while there was also an increased preference to seek help from a psychologist and psychiatrist for depression. Recognition was associated with less personal and perceived stigma for OCD and less personal stigma for schizophrenia, however, increased odds of social distancing for dementia.Conclusion.The ability to correctly recognise a mental illness was associated with less preference to seek help from informal sources, whilst increased preference to seek help from mental health professionals and services and less personal and perceived stigma. These findings re-emphasise the need to improve mental health literacy and reinforce the potential benefits recognition can have to individuals and the wider community in Singapore.

scholarly journals Refugees mental health—A public mental health challenge

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jutta Lindert ◽  
Mauro G. Carta ◽  
Ingo Schäfer ◽  
Richard F. Mollica
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Public Mental Health ◽  
Health Challenge ◽  
Mental Health Challenge

scholarly journals Mental health of the non-heterosexual population of England

2011 ◽  
Vol 198 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apu Chakraborty ◽  
Sally McManus ◽  
Terry S. Brugha ◽  
Paul Bebbington ◽  
Michael King
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Drug Dependence ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Service Utilisation ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Depressive Episodes

BackgroundThere has been little research into the prevalence of mental health problems in lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) people in the UK with most work conducted in the USA.AimsTo relate the prevalence of mental disorder, self-harm and suicide attempts to sexual orientation in England, and to test whether psychiatric problems were associated with discrimination on grounds of sexuality.MethodThe Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey 2007 (n = 7403) was representative of the population living in private UK households. Standardised questions provided demographic information. Neurotic symptoms, common mental disorders, probable psychosis, suicidality, alcohol and drug dependence and service utilisation were assessed. In addition, detailed information was obtained about aspects of sexual identity and perceived discrimination on these grounds.ResultsSelf-reported identification as non-heterosexual (determined by both orientation and sexual partnership, separately) was associated with unhappiness, neurotic disorders overall, depressive episodes, generalised anxiety disorder, obsessive–compulsive disorder, phobic disorder, probable psychosis, suicidal thoughts and acts, self-harm and alcohol and drug dependence. Mental health-related general practitioner consultations and community care service use over the previous year were also elevated. In the non-heterosexual group, discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation predicted certain neurotic disorder outcomes, even after adjustment for potentially confounding demographic variables.ConclusionsThis study corroborates international findings that people of non-heterosexual orientation report elevated levels of mental health problems and service usage, and it lends further support to the suggestion that perceived discrimination may act as a social stressor in the genesis of mental health problems in this population.

scholarly journals Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Suicide and Self Harm among Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department of a Teaching Hospital in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshana Shrestha ◽  
Shisir Siwakoti ◽  
Saumya Singh ◽  
Anmol Purna Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Organophosphate Poisoning ◽  
P Value ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic is a global challenge that is not just limited to the physical consequences but also a significant degree of a mental health crisis. Self-harm (SH) and suicide are its extreme effects. The aim of this study was to provide an overview of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the occurrence and clinical profile of suicide and SH in our ED.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional observational study conducted in the ED of a tertiary care center. Records of all fatal and nonfatal SH patients presenting to the ED during the lockdown period (March 24-June 23, 2020; Period1), matching periods in the previous year (March 24-June 23,2019; Period 2) and 3 months period prior (December 24 2019-March 23, 2020; Period 3) was included by searching the electronic medical record (EMR) system. The prevalence and the clinical profile of the patients were compared between these three periods.ResultsA total of 125 (periods 1=55, 2=38, and 3=32) suicide and SH cases were analyzed. The cases of suicide/SH had increased by 44% and 71.9% during the lockdown period in comparison to the period 2 and 3. Organophosphate poisoning was the most common mode. Females were predominant in all three periods with a mean age of 32 (95%CI: 29.3-34.7). There was a significant delay in arrival of the patients in period 1 (p-value=0.045) with increased hospital admission (p-value =0.009) and in-hospital mortality (18.2% vs 2.6 % and 3.1%) (p-value=.001).ConclusionWe found an increase in patients presenting with suicide and SH in our ED during the pandemic which is likely to reflect an increased prevalence of mental illness in the community. We hope that the result will prime all mental health care stakeholders to initiate mental health screening and intervention for the vulnerable population during this period of crisis.

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