The Effect of Tentoxin on Stomatal Aperture and Potassium Content of Guard Cells

1973 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Durbin
Keyword(s):  
Guard Cells ◽  
Stomatal Aperture ◽  
Potassium Content

Potassium involvement not demonstrated in stomatal movements of Paphiopedilum. Qualified confirmation of the Nelson–Mayo report

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Outlaw Jr. ◽  
Jill Manchester ◽  
Vincent E. Zenger
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Guard Cell ◽  
Guard Cells ◽  
Stomatal Aperture ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Aperture Size ◽  
Stomatal Movements ◽  
Unique Condition

Guard cells of Paphiopedilum leaves lack chlorophyll, a unique condition. Whether potassium fluxes are involved in stomatal movements is controversial. In attempting to resolve this controversy, we have dissected individual guard cell pairs from frozen-dried epidermal peels of three species. These samples were assayed for potassium using quantitative histochemical methodology. We were unable to detect a correlation between guard cell potassium content and stomatal aperture size. With certain reservations, these results indicate potassium is not the major osmoticum causing stomata of these species to open.

Array and distribution of actin filaments in guard cells contribute to the determination of stomatal aperture

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1655-1665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin-Qi Gao ◽  
Jing Chen ◽  
Peng-Cheng Wei ◽  
Fei Ren ◽  
Jia Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Guard Cells ◽  
Stomatal Aperture

scholarly journals The Regulation of Stomatal Aperture in Tobacco Leaf Epidermal Strips III. The Effect of Atp

1971 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 689 ◽  
Author(s):  
DA Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Guard Cells ◽  
Stomatal Opening ◽  
Stomatal Aperture ◽  
Osmotic Swelling ◽  
Tobacco Leaf

The addition of ATP in the light and dark and ADP in the light to bathing solutions containing K+ can stimulate stomatal opening in tobacco leaf epidermal strips. UTP or AMP do not stimulate opening in the light or dark. The presence of ouabain prevents ATP or ADP stimulating stomatal opening. The additions of Ca2+ and Mg2+, though they reduce stomatal aperture, do not prevent ATP stimulating stomatal opening. Increasing the concentration of ATP presented to the stomata in the dark increases the aperture. The rate of stomatal opening in the presence of ATP is increased in the light. In bathing solutions which contain Na+ as the only cation ATP neither initiates nor maintains stomatal opening. The results are discussed in relation to a postulated light-stimulated, ATPase-mediated accumulation ofK+ in the guard cells which is followed by an influx of water, osmotic swelling, and stomatal opening

Calcium in the xylem and its influence on the behaviour of stomata

1993 ◽  
Vol 341 (1295) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Xylem Sap ◽  
Guard Cells ◽  
Stomatal Aperture ◽  
Lupinus Luteus ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Free Calcium ◽  
Stomatal Behaviour ◽  
High Calcium

Calcium is known to play an important role in regulating guard cell turgor and the movements of stomata. The concentrations of calcium ions in xylem sap are often higher than 1 mol m -3 , which would be sufficient to influence, or interfere with, stomatal function if such concentrations were delivered to points of evaporation in the vicinity of the guard cells. This paper presents some recent experimental evidence concerning the way in which a plant’s calcium status affects the amount of free calcium in the xylem, and the effect this may have on the diurnal pattern of stomatal behaviour. Changes in the rhizospheric supply of calcium have a major influence on the concentrations in the xylem. In Commelina communis an eightfold increase in rhizospheric calcium led to an increase in the xylem sap in the shoot of approximately sixfold. Very high concentrations of xylem calcium were associated with reduced stomatal opening, and injection of a pulse of calcium ions into the xylem via a catheter caused stomatal closure. Calcium-induced suppression of stomatal aperture does not inflict permanent damage upon the guard cells, because stomatal aperture recovered quickly when the calcium concentration in the xylem was reduced. The experimental data presented suggest that the amount of calcium delivered by the transpiration stream to points of evaporation needs to be regulated if interference with stomatal behaviour is to be avoided. This regulation is likely to occur in tissues such as the mesophyll. The roots may also play an important part in controlling the delivery of calcium into the xylem and evidence is presented of malfunctioning of the regulatory mechanism in roots when plants are exposed to high calcium in the rhizosphere. Some of the data presented are for a calcifuge, Lupinus luteus , and the possibility is discussed that disturbances in stomatal behaviour contribute to the physiological problems of such plants in the presence of high rhizospheric calcium.

scholarly journals Relationship of Temperature to Stomatal Aperture and Potassium Accumulation in Guard Cells of Vicia faba

1979 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 388-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia A. Rogers ◽  
Robert D. Powell ◽  
Peter J. H. Sharpe
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Guard Cells ◽  
Stomatal Aperture ◽  
Potassium Accumulation ◽  
Relationship Of

Chloride and Nitrate Stimulate Stomatal Opening and Decrease Potassium Uptake and Malate Production in Epidermal Tissues of Commelina benghalensis

1980 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 663 ◽  
Author(s):  
AS Raghavendra
Keyword(s):  
Guard Cells ◽  
Potassium Uptake ◽  
Stomatal Opening ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Inorganic Anion ◽  
Carboxylase Activity ◽  
Pep Carboxylase ◽  
Commelina Benghalensis ◽  
Stimulation Of

The effect of chloride, nitrate and sulfate on stomatal opening in epidermal strips of C. benghalensis was examined in relation to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) carboxylation and malate production. Inclusion of malate, oxalacetate or bisulfite in the medium inhibited PEP carboxylase activity in epidermal tissues, suppressed malate formation and restricted stomatal opening. Malate ions therefore seem to favour potassium uptake even in presence of chloride. Stomata could open when supplied with K+ (K-Tricine); additional presence of chloride or nitrate enhanced further K+ - stimulated stomatal opening but reduced malate production and potassium content of epidermal tissues. Potassium content of epidermal tissues was higher when no inorganic anion was supplied than that in the presence of chloride or nitrate. The relative stimulation of stomatal opening by chloride or nitrate was greater in the presence of 10 m-equiv. K+ than at 100 m-equiv. K+. It is suggested that chloride as well as nitrate is taken up by guard cells: (i) to contribute with K+ to the turgor of guard cells and (ii) to act as a counterion for malate ions.

Alteration of element contents in guard cells of Norway spruce (Picea abies) subjected to ozone fumigation and (or) water stress: X-ray microanalysis study

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Le Thiec ◽  
C. Rose ◽  
J. P. Garrec ◽  
D. Laffray ◽  
P. Louguet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Manganese Content ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Guard Cells ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Simultaneous Implementation

Two clones of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) Karst. (Gerardmer clone and Istebna clone) were subjected to an ozone-enriched atmosphere. The X-ray microanalysis of elements present in the guard cells showed a decrease in potassium for the Gerardmer clone along with a larger closing of guard cells and an increase in calcium contents; for the Istebna clone, ozone did not affect these contents. When a drought stress was applied, an increase in calcium content of guard cells of the Istebna clone was also found. However, the potassium content was smaller in this case for the two clones and could well be due to stomatal closure. When ozone and drought stress were applied together, the potassium content in the Istebna clone was not affected, but for the Gerardmer clone, ozone reduced the decrease in potassium content that occurred as drought stress developed. However, calcium (and manganese) content increased significantly when the Gerardmer clone was exposed to ozone. It seems likely that the Gerardmer clone is sensitive to ozone and when subjected to a drought stress this sensitivity is increased. For the Istebna clone, the resistance to ozone is unaffected by the drought stress treatment. The Istebna clone, however, seems sensitive to drought. These characteristic responses in the two different Norway spruce clones are probably due to genetic differences and may explain the contradictory observations in the response of the stomata during the simultaneous implementation of the complex stresses. Key words: Picea abies, guard cells, ozone, drought stress, X-ray microanalysis, elements.

scholarly journals Relationship between Potassium Content in Leaf Blades and Stomatal Aperture in Rice Plants

1978 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 719-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuni ISHIHARA ◽  
Osamu IIDA ◽  
Tadashi HIRASAWA ◽  
Tadaharu OGURA
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Aperture ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Rice Plants
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