Differential Messenger RNA Transcription of Androgen Receptor and Estrogen Receptor in Gonad in Relation to the Sex Change in Protandrous Black Porgy, Acanthopagrus schlegeli1

Abstract Gender differences in vascular thromboses are well known, and there is evidence that platelets may be involved in these differences and that sex hormones affect platelet function. We characterized the expression of the estrogen receptor  (ER ), estrogen receptor β (ER β), progesterone receptor (PR), and androgen receptor (AR) in the megakaryocyte lineage. Megakaryocytes generated ex vivo from normal human CD34+ stem cells contained RNA for ER β and AR, which increased with cell differentiation. Platelets and human erythroleukemia (HEL) cells also contained ER β and AR transcripts. No ER  or PR messenger RNA or protein was detected in the megakaryocyte lineage. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed that ER β protein was present in glycoprotein (GP) IIb+ megakaryocytes and the HEL megakaryocytic cell line in a predominantly cytoplasmic location. AR showed a cytoplasmic and nuclear distribution in GPIIb+ and GPIIb− cells derived from CD34+ cells and in HEL cells. Western immunoblotting confirmed the presence of ER β and AR in platelets. Megakaryocyte and HEL AR expression was up-regulated by 1, 5, and 10 nmol/L testosterone, but down-regulated by 100 nmol/L testosterone. These findings indicate a regulated ability of megakaryocytes to respond to testosterone and suggest a potential mechanism through which sex hormones may mediate gender differences in platelet function and thrombotic diseases.

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Characterization of estrogen receptor β2 and expression of the estrogen receptor subtypes α, β1, and β2 in the protandrous black porgy (Acanthopagrus schlegeli) during the sex change process

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B Biochemistry and Molecular Biology ◽

10.1016/j.cbpb.2008.03.012 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 150 (3) ◽

pp. 284-291 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Kwang Wook An ◽

Erik R. Nelson ◽

Pil Gue Jo ◽

Hamid R. Habibi ◽

Hyun Suk Shin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Estrogen Receptor ◽

Change Process ◽

Sex Change ◽

Receptor Subtypes ◽

Black Porgy ◽

Acanthopagrus Schlegeli ◽

Estrogen Receptor Β2

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Human megakaryocytes and platelets contain the estrogen receptor β and androgen receptor (AR): testosterone regulates AR expression

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v95.7.2289.007k03_2289_2296 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 95 (7) ◽

pp. 2289-2296 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gopal Khetawat ◽

Nauder Faraday ◽

Michele L. Nealen ◽

K. Vinod Vijayan ◽

Everlie Bolton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Estrogen Receptor ◽

Androgen Receptor ◽

Sex Hormones ◽

Platelet Function ◽

Messenger Rna ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Estrogen Receptor Β ◽

Human Cd34 ◽

Hel Cells

Gender differences in vascular thromboses are well known, and there is evidence that platelets may be involved in these differences and that sex hormones affect platelet function. We characterized the expression of the estrogen receptor  (ER ), estrogen receptor β (ER β), progesterone receptor (PR), and androgen receptor (AR) in the megakaryocyte lineage. Megakaryocytes generated ex vivo from normal human CD34+ stem cells contained RNA for ER β and AR, which increased with cell differentiation. Platelets and human erythroleukemia (HEL) cells also contained ER β and AR transcripts. No ER  or PR messenger RNA or protein was detected in the megakaryocyte lineage. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed that ER β protein was present in glycoprotein (GP) IIb+ megakaryocytes and the HEL megakaryocytic cell line in a predominantly cytoplasmic location. AR showed a cytoplasmic and nuclear distribution in GPIIb+ and GPIIb− cells derived from CD34+ cells and in HEL cells. Western immunoblotting confirmed the presence of ER β and AR in platelets. Megakaryocyte and HEL AR expression was up-regulated by 1, 5, and 10 nmol/L testosterone, but down-regulated by 100 nmol/L testosterone. These findings indicate a regulated ability of megakaryocytes to respond to testosterone and suggest a potential mechanism through which sex hormones may mediate gender differences in platelet function and thrombotic diseases.

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Lasofoxifene enhances vaginal mucus formation without causing hypertrophy and increases estrogen receptor ?? and androgen receptor in rats

Menopause The Journal of The North American Menopause Society ◽

10.1097/01.gme.0000227337.73738.c9 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 609-620 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Xiao-Ning Wang ◽

Hollis A. Simmons ◽

Christopher T. Salatto ◽

Patricia G. Cosgrove ◽

David D. Thompson

Keyword(s):

Estrogen Receptor ◽

Androgen Receptor

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Asymmetric reconstruction of mammalian reovirus reveals interactions among RNA, transcriptional factor µ2 and capsid proteins

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-021-24455-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Muchen Pan ◽

Ana L. Alvarez-Cabrera ◽

Joon S. Kang ◽

Lihua Wang ◽

Chunhai Fan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rna Polymerase ◽

Molecular Interactions ◽

Messenger Rna ◽

Rna Binding ◽

Capsid Proteins ◽

Rna Transcription ◽

Infectious Particle ◽

Virion Assembly ◽

Rna Capping

AbstractMammalian reovirus (MRV) is the prototypical member of genus Orthoreovirus of family Reoviridae. However, lacking high-resolution structures of its RNA polymerase cofactor μ2 and infectious particle, limits understanding of molecular interactions among proteins and RNA, and their contributions to virion assembly and RNA transcription. Here, we report the 3.3 Å-resolution asymmetric reconstruction of transcribing MRV and in situ atomic models of its capsid proteins, the asymmetrically attached RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) λ3, and RdRp-bound nucleoside triphosphatase μ2 with a unique RNA-binding domain. We reveal molecular interactions among virion proteins and genomic and messenger RNA. Polymerase complexes in three Spinoreovirinae subfamily members are organized with different pseudo-D3d symmetries to engage their highly diversified genomes. The above interactions and those between symmetry-mismatched receptor-binding σ1 trimers and RNA-capping λ2 pentamers balance competing needs of capsid assembly, external protein removal, and allosteric triggering of endogenous RNA transcription, before, during and after infection, respectively.

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Sex Hormone Receptor Signaling in Bladder Cancer: A Potential Target for Enhancing the Efficacy of Conventional Non-Surgical Therapy

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells10051169 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 1169

Author(s):

Hiroki Ide ◽

Hiroshi Miyamoto

Keyword(s):

Bladder Cancer ◽

Estrogen Receptor ◽

Androgen Receptor ◽

Surgical Therapy ◽

Urothelial Cancer ◽

Hormone Receptors ◽

Estrogen Receptor Α ◽

Vital Role ◽

Sex Hormone ◽

Sex Steroid Hormone

There have been critical problems in the non-surgical treatment for bladder cancer, especially residence to intravesical pharmacotherapy, including BCG immunotherapy, cisplatin-based chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Recent preclinical and clinical evidence has suggested a vital role of sex steroid hormone-mediated signaling in the progression of urothelial cancer. Moreover, activation of the androgen receptor and estrogen receptor pathways has been implicated in modulating sensitivity to conventional non-surgical therapy for bladder cancer. This may indicate the possibility of anti-androgenic and anti-estrogenic drugs, apart from their direct anti-tumor activity, to function as sensitizers of such conventional treatment. This article summarizes available data suggesting the involvement of sex hormone receptors, such as androgen receptor, estrogen receptor-α, and estrogen receptor-β, in the progression of urothelial cancer, focusing on their modulation for the efficacy of conventional therapy, and discusses their potential of overcoming therapeutic resistance.

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The androgen receptor is a tumor suppressor in estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer

Nature Medicine ◽

10.1038/s41591-020-01168-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 310-320 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Theresa E. Hickey ◽

Luke A. Selth ◽

Kee Ming Chia ◽

Geraldine Laven-Law ◽

Heloisa H. Milioli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Estrogen Receptor ◽

Androgen Receptor ◽

Tumor Suppressor ◽

Estrogen Receptor Positive ◽

Positive Breast Cancer

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Effect of nonpersistent pesticides on estrogen receptor, androgen receptor, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor

Environmental Toxicology ◽

10.1002/tox.21852 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 29 (10) ◽

pp. 1201-1216 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Svjetlana Medjakovic ◽

Alfred Zoechling ◽

Petra Gerster ◽

Margarita M. Ivanova ◽

Yun Teng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Estrogen Receptor ◽

Androgen Receptor ◽

Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor ◽

Aryl Hydrocarbon

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Association between androgen receptor expression, Ki-67 and the 21-gene recurrence score in non-metastatic, lymph node-negative, estrogen receptor-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer

Journal of Clinical Pathology ◽

10.1136/jclinpath-2015-203012 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 68 (10) ◽

pp. 839-843 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Francisco E Vera-Badillo ◽

Martin C Chang ◽

Gordana Kuruzar ◽

Alberto Ocana ◽

Arnoud J Templeton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Estrogen Receptor ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Androgen Receptor ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

Recurrence Score ◽

Receptor Expression ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Node Negative

BackgroundThe mechanisms underlying the favourable prognosis of androgen receptor (AR) expression in breast cancer are unknown.MethodsThe associations between the 21-gene recurrence score (RS), AR, grade, mitotic score, Ki-67 and estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR) expression were explored in sequential women with lymph node-negative, ER-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer. Statistical significance of this exploratory study was defined as p<0.10.ResultsAnalysis comprised 70 women. Most tumours had high AR expression (97% had scores >3). Median RS was 15 (range 1–53). AR expression showed a minimally significant positive correlation with ER (R=0.37), but no correlation with Ki-67 (R=−0.18). In univariable analysis, AR (p=0.01), ER (p<0.001) and PgR (p<0.001) had significant negative associations with RS. Ki-67 (p=0.16), grade (p=0.40) and mitotic score (p=0.23) showed no association with RS. Multivariable analysis showed similar associations.ConclusionsAR is associated with lower RS, but not with Ki-67.

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