scholarly journals Mechanism of anchoring of OmpA protein to the cell wall peptidoglycan of the gram‐negative bacterial outer membrane

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong Soon Park ◽  
Woo Cheol Lee ◽  
Kwon Joo Yeo ◽  
Kyoung‐Seok Ryu ◽  
Malika Kumarasiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Cell Wall Peptidoglycan ◽  
Ompa Protein ◽  
Bacterial Outer Membrane

scholarly journals Endotoxins and the importance of procalcitonin

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-170
Author(s):  
Paola Andrea Yasnó-Navia ◽  
Luisa Fernanda Zuñiga-Ceron ◽  
Jhan Sebastián Saavedra-Torres ◽  
María Virginia Pinzón-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Platelet Activating Factor ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Lipid Mediators ◽  
The State ◽  
Gram Negative

Gram-negative bacilli and cocci bacteria produce and release endotoxins, which are lipopolysaccharides found in the outer membrane of the cell wall. These endotoxins are responsible for releasing a series of inflammatory mediators such as IL1, TNFα and proteases, as well as lipid mediators such as prostaglandins, leukotrienes, thromboxanes and platelet-activating factor, ultimately activitating immune response cells like leukocytes, macrophages and platelets. These cells amplify the response to shock, generate a procoagulant state and produce alterations at the cellular level, for example, damage to the endothelium, which in the end benefit and worsen the state of septic shock (Figure 1).

scholarly journals Dynamic interaction of fluoroquinolones with magnesium ions monitored using bacterial outer membrane nanopores

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (38) ◽  
pp. 10344-10353
Author(s):  
Jiajun Wang ◽  
Jigneshkumar Dahyabhai Prajapati ◽  
Ulrich Kleinekathöfer ◽  
Mathias Winterhalter
Keyword(s):  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Dynamic Interaction ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Magnesium Ions ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Bacterial Outer Membrane

Divalent cations alter the translocation of antibiotic molecules through the Gram-negative bacteria outer membrane nanopores.

scholarly journals Effect of Divalent Cation Removal on the Structure of Gram-Negative Bacterial Outer Membrane Models

Langmuir ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 404-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke A. Clifton ◽  
Maximilian W. A. Skoda ◽  
Anton P. Le Brun ◽  
Filip Ciesielski ◽  
Ivan Kuzmenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Divalent Cation ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Bacterial Outer Membrane ◽  
Membrane Models

Epitope mapping of monoclonal antibodies specific for the directly cross-linkedmeso-diaminopimelic acid peptidoglycan found in the anaerobic beer spoilage bacteriumPectinatus cerevisiiphilus

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 779-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Ziola ◽  
Sheryl L Gares ◽  
Brandene Lorrain ◽  
Lori Gee ◽  
W M Ingledew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Epitope Mapping ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Spoilage Bacteria ◽  
Beer Spoilage ◽  
Bacterial Outer Membrane

Nineteen monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) were isolated based on reactivity with disrupted Pectinatus cerevisiiphilus cells. All of the Mabs reacted with cells from which the outer membrane had been stripped by incubation with sodium dodecyl sulphate, suggesting the peptidoglycan (PG) layer was involved in binding. Mab reactivity with purified PG confirmed this. Epitope mapping revealed the Mabs in total recognize four binding sites on the PG. Mabs specific for each of the four sites also bound strongly to disrupted Pectinatus frisingensis, Selenomonas lacticifix, Zymophilus paucivorans, and Zymophilus raffinosivorans cells, but weakly to disrupted Megasphaera cerevisiae cells. No antibody reactivity was seen with disrupted cells of 11 other species of Gram-negative bacteria. These results confirm that a common PG structure is used by several species of anaerobic Gram-negative beer spoilage bacteria. These results also indicate that PG-specific Mabs can be used to rapidly detect a range of anaerobic Gram-negative beer spoilage bacteria, provided the bacterial outer membrane is first removed to allow antibody binding.Key words: beer spoilage, epitope mapping, monoclonal antibodies, Pectinatus, peptidoglycan.

scholarly journals Fine Structure and Radiation Resistance in Acinetobacter: A Comparison Of A Range Of Strains

1971 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-41
Author(s):  
AUDREY M. GLAUERT ◽  
MARGARET J. THORNLEY
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Radiation Resistance ◽  
Resistant Strain ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dense Layer ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Comparative Results ◽  
Resistance To Ionizing Radiation

Nine strains of the Gram-negative bacterium, Acinetobacter, showed a wide variation in resistance to ionizing radiation; all gave sigmoid survival curves, with D10 values for the exponential portion ranging from 70 to 460 J kg-1 (7-46 krd). The fine structure of these strains was studied by electron microscopy. Results for a resistant strain were described earlier and the present paper gives comparative results for the other 8 strains. The mode of division varied, 5 strains dividing predominantly by constriction of all the layers of the cell wall, while the other 4strains showed ingrowth of thick septa. These 4 included the 3 most resistant strains and I strain of intermediate resistance. The arrangement of surface layers was the same as that usually found in Gram-negative bacteria. In 1 strain an extra layer was visible outside the outer membrane; this layer does not appear to influence radiation resistance since it is lacking in another strain of similar resistance. The layer of wrinkled material, previously observed in the resistant strain between, the outer membrane and the intermediate dense layer of the cell wall, in negatively stained preparations of isolated cell walls, was seen in 5 other strains of intermediate and high resistance, while in 3 sensitive strains finely granular material appeared to occupy a corresponding position in the cell wall. These observations suggest that morphological features, such as the wrinkled layer of the cell wall, and possibly the mode of cell division, may influence the radiation resistance of Acinetobacter strains, but their function is not yet known.

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