scholarly journals Effects of linalool on extinction of mouse operant behaviour

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
David Shaw ◽  
Kelly Norwood ◽  
Paul J. Kennedy ◽  
Julian C. Leslie
Keyword(s):  
Operant Behaviour

scholarly journals Association of the OPRM1 A118G polymorphism and Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer: Clinical relevance for alcohol dependence

2021 ◽  
pp. 026988112199199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Sebold ◽  
Maria Garbusow ◽  
Deniz Cerci ◽  
Ke Chen ◽  
Christian Sommer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Opioid Receptor ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Opioid System ◽  
Operant Behaviour ◽  
Oprm1 Gene ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
A118g Polymorphism

Background: Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer (PIT) quantifies the extent to which a stimulus that has been associated with reward or punishment alters operant behaviour. In alcohol dependence (AD), the PIT effect serves as a paradigmatic model of cue-induced relapse. Preclinical studies have suggested a critical role of the opioid system in modulating Pavlovian–instrumental interactions. The A118G polymorphism of the OPRM1 gene affects opioid receptor availability and function. Furthermore, this polymorphism interacts with cue-induced approach behaviour and is a potential biomarker for pharmacological treatment response in AD. In this study, we tested whether the OPRM1 polymorphism is associated with the PIT effect and relapse in AD. Methods: Using a PIT task, we examined three independent samples: young healthy subjects ( N = 161), detoxified alcohol-dependent patients ( N = 186) and age-matched healthy controls ( N = 105). We used data from a larger study designed to assess the role of learning mechanisms in the development and maintenance of AD. Subjects were genotyped for the A118G (rs1799971) polymorphism of the OPRM1 gene. Relapse was assessed after three months. Results: In all three samples, participants with the minor OPRM1 G-Allele (G+ carriers) showed increased expression of the PIT effect in the absence of learning differences. Relapse was not associated with the OPRM1 polymorphism. Instead, G+ carriers displaying increased PIT effects were particularly prone to relapse. Conclusion: These results support a role for the opioid system in incentive salience motivation. Furthermore, they inform a mechanistic model of aberrant salience processing and are in line with the pharmacological potential of opioid receptor targets in the treatment of AD.

Acute and chronic ethanol tolerance: operant behaviour in naive and ethanol tolerant rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arto J. Hiltunen ◽  
Torbjörn U. C. Järbe
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Tolerance ◽  
Chronic Ethanol ◽  
Operant Behaviour

Evidence for an involvement of 5-hydroxytryptaminergic neurones in the maintenance of operant behaviour by positive reinforcement

1991 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary A. Wogar ◽  
C. M. Bradshaw ◽  
E. Szabadi
Keyword(s):  
Positive Reinforcement ◽  
Operant Behaviour

Subtype-selective GABAergic drugs facilitate extinction of mouse operant behaviour

2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciara McCabe ◽  
David Shaw ◽  
John R Atack ◽  
Leslie J Street ◽  
Keith A Wafford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operant Behaviour ◽  
Subtype Selective

scholarly journals Evaluation of animal welfare by the self-expression of an anxiety state

1995 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 370-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Carey ◽  
J. P. Fry
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Self ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Operant Behaviour ◽  
Anxiety State ◽  
Environmental Stimuli ◽  
Mental Well Being

Although mental well-being has long been accepted as an important aspect of animal welfare, the subjective feelings of farm or laboratory animals are regarded as lying beyond the scope of scientific enquiry. We now report that pharmacological conditioning of pigs with a drug, pentylenetetrazole, known to induce anxiety in man, permits investigation of the presence or absence of this psychological state during exposure to a variety of environmental stimuli encountered during normal husbandry. Such pharmacological conditioning therefore provides a valuable means to assess and improve elements of animal welfare and should be applicable to other species that show operant behaviour.

OPERANT BEHAVIOUR AND THIAMINE OR PYRIDOXINE DIETARY DEFICIENCY

1998 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. S39
Author(s):  
A. Fundaro ◽  
S. Ricci-Gamalero ◽  
E. Berno
Keyword(s):  
Operant Behaviour ◽  
Dietary Deficiency
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