Thoracoscopic Transmyocardial Laser Revascularization: Is Prior Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting a Contraindication?

Author(s):  
Gary S. Allen ◽  
Jason Budde

Objective Recently, thoracoscopic techniques have been used to perform transmyocardial laser revascularization (TMR) in patients who are not suitable candidates for coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery or percutaneous coronary interventions. Whether or not prior CABG contraindicates a port access–only approach to TMR is unclear. This study compares patients with and without prior CABG who have undergone thoracoscopic TMR. Methods Between May 2003 and October 2005, 23 consecutive patients (6 without prior CABG, group A; and 17 with prior CABG, group B) underwent thoracoscopic TMR, using a holmium:yttriumaluminum-garnet (Ho:YAG) laser system. Either 3 or 4 port incisions (each ≤2 cm in length) were used, depending on the patient's anatomy. Procedural success was defined as the ability to create all intended channels without conversion to thoracotomy. Results Patient demographics were not significantly different between group A and group B (mean age, 65.8 ± 4.3 years versus 67.4 ± 2.4 years, Canadian Cardiovascular Society angina class 3.7 ± 0.2 versus 3.9 ± 0.1, and Parsonnet score 12.0 ± 3.2 versus 20.5 ± 2.4). Fourteen (82.4%) group B patients had a prior left internal mammary artery to left anterior descending artery graft, of which 12 (85.7%) were patent. One patient in group A had an airway injury at intubation that led to an extended hospital stay of 30 days. One patient in group A (16.7%) and one patient in group B (5.9%) required a blood transfusion (P = NS). Adhesion lysis time in group B ranged from 0 to 68 minutes (mean, 27 ± 5.6 minutes). Neither group had a conversion to thoracotomy or any deaths through a mean combined follow-up of 12 months. Conclusions A port access approach is safe and reproducible for patients who are candidates for sole therapy TMR. Prior CABG, including patent grafts, is not a contraindication to thoracoscopic TMR.

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. CMC.S7170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feridoun Sabzi ◽  
Abdol Hamid Zokaei ◽  
Abdol Rasoul Moloudi

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a frequent and serious complication of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Methods: We undertook a retrospective review of the records of patients undergoing CABG at Imam Ali Hospital between February 1, 2003 and February 1, 2006. The patients were divided in two groups, ie, Group A (AF) and Group B (no AF). The association between the occurrence of AF following CABG and other variables was compared with respect to continuous or categorical variables by t-test and χ2-test. Results Multivariate logistic regression analysis of potentially predictive factors in univariate analysis showed that opium use, type of operation, and crossclamp time were predictors of AF following CABG. Conclusion This study identifies some new predictors of postoperative AF, control of which could lead to a lower incidence of AF and reduced morbidity, mortality, and resource utilization for patients undergoing cardiac surgery.


2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Ramy Mahrose ◽  
Ahmed M. Elsayed ◽  
Mohamed S. Elshorbagy

Background:The most common cardiac arrhythmia that happens after on-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery is Atrial Fibrillation (AF). It is combined with several postoperative complications such as increased incidence of stroke, increased hospital stay and increased costs.Objectives:The aim of this study was to look for safe, effective, reliable and well tolerated tools for the prevention of atrial fibrillation after on pump coronary artery bypass surgery.Patients and Methods:The study enclosed 176 patients (the age ranges from 40 to 79 years) and scheduled for elective on-pump CABG operations without concomitant procedures. The patients were selected randomly into two equal groups. Group (A) in which bisoprolol was used to prevent atrial fibrillation after surgery. Group (B) in which bisoprolol and hydrocortisone were used for prevention of atrial fibrillation after surgery. For each patient, the following data were collected: gender, preoperative diseases, cardiopulmonary bypass time, intraoperative cross clamp time, Left internal mammary Artery usage, incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation, death, myocardial infarction chest infection and C-reactive protein amount in plasma.Results:There was a statistically significant decrease in the occurrence of atrial fibrillation in group (B) when compared to corresponding values in group (A). Also, group (B) showed a statistically significant decrease in length of hospital stay in comparison to group (A). C-reactive protein concentrations on the 1stand 2ndpostoperative days were lower significantly in group (B) than in group (A). There were no statistically significant differences between both groups regarding gender, preoperative diseases, cardiorespiratory bypass time, intraoperative cross clamp time, Left internal mammary artery usage, death, myocardial infarction and chest infection.Conclusion:This study demonstrated that using bisoprolol and hydrocortisone combination showed greater benefit than the use of bisoprolol only for prevention of postoperative AF after on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery.


1998 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-194
Author(s):  
Tarek A Abdel Aziz ◽  
Najib Al Khaja ◽  
Mohamed A Ali ◽  
Ali S Maklad ◽  
Mohamed F Bassiouny ◽  
...  

This prospective randomized clinical study was designed to assess and compare the use of combined antegrade-retrograde cardioplegia versus antegrade cardioplegia in providing adequate myocardial preservation during coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Fifty patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting were randomly divided into 2 groups according to the route of cardioplegic delivery: group A (25 patients) received antegrade cold crystalloid cardioplegia; group B (25 patients) received combined antegrade-retrograde cold crystalloid cardioplegia. The groups were compared by clinical and electrocardiographic criteria and biochemical markers of ischemic myocardial damage. There was a highly significant statistical difference between the groups in terms of spontaneous recovery of sinus rhythm (40% of patients in group A versus 96% in group B). The use of direct current shock to restore sinus rhythm was higher in group A (60%) compared with group B (4%). Low cardiac output occurred in 20% of patients in group A and in 16% of patients in group B but this difference was not statistically significant. No bundle-branch block was found in group B whereas the incidence was 8% in group A. Significantly higher levels of biochemical markers of myocardial damage were obtained in group A at 10 minutes, 4 hours, and 12 hours after declamping. These results indicate that combined antegrade-retrograde cardioplegia is superior to antegrade cardioplegia for myocardial protection during coronary artery bypass graft surgery.


2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mohamed Shehata ◽  
Bassem AbdElhalim ◽  
Hany Hanna ◽  
Mervat Nabih

Objective. Tachyarrhythmias, after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, develop in 11%–40% of patients. Surgery technique (on-pump or off-pump) might affect incidence of post-CABG tachyarrhythmias. Methods. The study included 60 patients undergoing CABG (≥2 grafts) with left ventricle ejection fraction (LV EF) >40%. Patients were divided into two groups equally: group A (on-pump) and group B (off-pump). Patients were subjected to electrocardiographic monitoring (7 days postoperatively), transthoracic echocardiography, with recording of surgical details and complications. Results. Data collected between December 2012 and May 2013 showed no significant difference between two groups regarding incidence of postoperative tachyarrhythmias with statistically significant higher incidence of supraventricular tachycardia in group B (P<0.05) and a trend towards higher incidence of atrial fibrillation in group A. Patients who developed postoperative tachyarrhythmias in group A showed higher prevalence of family history of coronary artery disease and higher incidence of postoperative chest infections (P<0.05), while those in group B showed higher mean LV EF (pre- and postoperatively) (P<0.05). Data were statistically described in terms of mean ± standard deviation. Comparison of numerical and categorical variables was done using Student’s t- and Chi-square tests, respectively. Conclusion. Adopting off-pump CABG technique is not associated with less incidence of post-operative tachyarrhythmias, as compared to on-pump technique.


1997 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kit V Arom ◽  
Robert W Emery

This communication briefly details the goals, indications, surgical approaches, and limitations of minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass surgery. The clinical data of 93 cases performed at our institution were analyzed. These patients were divided into two groups: group A consisted of 70 healthy low-risk patients with single left anterior descending or right coronary artery lesions; group B consisted of 23 high-risk patients who had major contraindications to conventional cardiopulmonary bypass procedures. Using The Society of Thoracic Surgeons' preoperative predicted risk module, group A had a 1% predicted mortality versus 5% in group B. The 30-day mortality was 1% in group A and 13% in group B. The postoperative length of hospital stay averaged 4 days for group A and 9 days for group B. Short-term follow-up is promising and 83% of patients are free of angina.


2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Šarūnas Kinduris ◽  
Algimantas Budrikis ◽  
Juozas Sakalauskas ◽  
Algimantas Sasnauskas ◽  
Saulius Giedraitis

Šarūnas Kinduris1,2, Algimantas Budrikis1, Juozas Sakalauskas1, Algimantas Sasnauskas1, Saulius Giedraitis11 Kauno medicinos universiteto klinikų Širdies, krūtinės ir kraujagyslių chirurgijos klinika,Eivenių g. 2, LT-50009 Kaunas2 Kauno medicinos universiteto Biomedicininių tyrimų institutas,Eivenių g. 4, LT-50009 KaunasEl paštas: [email protected] Įvadas / tikslas Per pastaruosius kelis dešimtmečius pakartotinės operacijos (PO), nepaisant didelių pirminių skaičiaus svyravimų, sudaro nuo 2% iki 6% visų miokardo revaskulizacijos (MR) atvejų. Darbo tikslas – įvertinti ligonių, kuriems atliktos pakartotinės miokardo revaskulizacijos operacijos, kontingento pokyčius. Ligoniai ir metodai Atlikta retrospektyvioji duomenų analizė 80 ligonių, kuriems nuo 2001 m. sausio iki 2006 m. gruodžio Kauno medicinos universiteto Širdies, krūtinės ir kraujagyslių chirurgijos klinikoje atlikta pakartotinė MR operacija dirbtinės kraujo apytakos sąlygomis. Rezultatai Norėdami įvertinti operuojamo kontingento pokyčius, tiriamuosius ligonius suskirstėmė į keturias grupes: pakartotinė ir pirminė operacijos atliktos 2001–2004 metais – atitinkamai A (53 ligoniai) ir B (1775 ligoniai) grupės; pakartotinė ir pirminė operacijos atliktos 2005–2006 metais – atitinkamai C (27 ligoniai) ir D (1053 ligoniai) grupės. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad pooperacinis A grupės ligonių mirštamumas 7,5% (4 ligoniai), B grupės – 3,2% (57 ligoniai), C grupės – 7,4% ir D grupės – 2,2%. Operacijų rizikai vertinti naudota kardiochirurgijoje priimta EuroSCORE sistema. Analizuojamaisiais laikotarpiais B ir D grupių ligonių tiek rizikos vertinimas balais (atitinkamai 6,3 ± 3,3 ir 6,6 ± 3,2), tiek prognozuojamu mirštamumu (9,0% ir 9,5%) nesiskyrė, o pakartotinių operacijų grupėse analogiški rodikliai sumažėjo (atitinkamai 9,98 ± 4,4 ir 8,3 ± 2,2 bei 23,9% ir 13,0%). Išvados Remiantis šio tyrimo rezultatais galima teigti, kad pakartotinė miokardo revaskulizacijos operacija per pastaruosius dvejus metus atliekama jaunesniems ligoniams, laikotarpis tarp operacijų ilgesnis. Tam, kad dažnesnė operacijos indikacija buvo jungčių nepratekamumas nei aterosklerozinio proceso progresavimas natyvinėse arterijose, galėjo turėti įtakos pastaruoju dešimtmečiu gerokai patobulėję konservatyvūs ir intervenciniai gydymo metodai kardiologijoje ir mažas kardiochirurgų atliekamų operacijų skaičius. Pagrindiniai žodžiai: pakartotinė operacija, miokardo revaskulizacija, jungčių pratekamumas Changing profile of patients undergoing redo coronary artery bypass operation Šarūnas Kinduris1,2, Algimantas Budrikis1, Juozas Sakalauskas1, Algimantas Sasnauskas1, Saulius Giedraitis11 Hospital of Kaunas University of Medicine, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery,Eivenių str. 2, LT-50009 Kaunas, Lithuania2 Kaunas University of Medicine, Institute for Biomedical Research,Eivenių str. 4, LT-50009 Kaunas, LithuaniaE-mail: [email protected] Background / objective Redo coronary artery bypass surgery (RECABG) operations represent about 2–6% of CABG operations. The aim of the study was to evaluate the profile of patients undergoing redo coronary artery bypass operations. Patients and methods Retrospective analysis of 80 patients operated on for RECABG in the Clinic of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery of Kaunas University of Medicine was performed. Results To evaluate the profile of the patients, they were divided into four groups: redo and primary operations performed during 2001–2004 – groups A (53 patients) and B (1775) respectively; redo and primary operations performed in 2005–2006 – groups C (27 patients) and D (1053 patients) respectively. There was a 7.5% (4 patients) postoperative mortality in group A and 3.2% (57 patients) in group B. During 2005–2006, postoperative mortality was 7.4% and 2.2% respectively. The EuroSCORE system, well known in cardiac surgery, was used for operative risk assessment. Operative risk and predictive mortality in B and D groups during both evaluation periods was not significantly different (6.3 ± 3.3 and 6.6 ± 3.2 respectively and 9.0% and 9.5% respectively). On the other hand, evaluation of redo operations showed a decrease of these values with time (9.98 ± 4.4 and 8.3 ± 2.2; 23.9% and 13.0%, respectively). Conclusions Results of the study have shown that RECABG operations over the last two years have been performed for younger patients. Time interval between operations is longer and is associated with changes in the treatment of ischemic heart disease, but not with changes in the demographical situation in the country. Advanced conservative and invasive methods in cardiology during the last decade could influence the fact that an indication for RECABG became graft obstruction but not the progress of atherosclerosis in native coronary arteries. Key words: reoperation, coronary artery bypass, graft patency


2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
AKM Manzurul Alam ◽  
Istiaq Ahmed ◽  
Manzil Ahmad ◽  
Abdullah Al Mamun Hossain ◽  
Md Mohashin Reza ◽  
...  

Background: Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is common in early recovery period after cardio-thoracic surgery. There have been several pharmacological and nonpharmacological strategies suggested for prevention against AF after coronary artery bypass grafting. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of oral amiodarone in the prevention of atrial fibrillation in patients who underwent off pump coronary artery bypass graft (OPCAB).Methods: This interventional study was conducted from February 2017 to January 2018 in the department of cardiac surgery, National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease (NICVD) Dhaka, Bangladesh. By purposive sampling a total of 100 patients having sinus rhythm who will undergo OPCAB were selected for the study. Among them 50 patients (Group-A) got amiodarone (600mg/day started 3 days prior to surgery) and 50 patients (Group-B) did not get amiodarone. Two (2) patients of group-A were excluded from the study due to conversion to on pump from off pump during operation. So, finally group A had 48 patients and group- B had 50 patients. Preoperative electrocardiography (ECG), serum electrolytes (e.g. potassium & magnesium), thyroid function test, liver function test and echocardiogram were done in all patients under study. Per-operative occurrence of AF was assessed on operation theatre monitor. Each patient was evaluated by continuous ECG up to 5th post-operative day (POD). Serum potassium & magnesium were measured in every alternative day up to 5th POD. ECG with long lead tracing was done for all patients on the day of hospital discharge & was recorded. Data were analyzed by SPSS 24.0 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) and tested by student T-test and Chi-square test. P < 0.05 was considered significant.Results: Pre-operative baseline characteristics were similar in both groups. Per-operative and postoperative AF occurred more frequently in group B than group A. Those were 10(20.83%) and 32(64.0%) peroperative, 9(18.75%) and 31(36.0%) immediate postoperative period respectively in group A and group B. The result was statistically significant (P value<.05). Post-operative amiodarone used in all patients who developed AF irrespective of groups. This also decreased AF significantly. There were statistically no significant difference found in postoperative serum electrolytes and use of inotropes, anti-arrhythmic drugs. All patients recovered well.Conclusion: This study concluded that preoperative oral administration of amiodarone can prevent the occurrence of atrial fibrillation in patients undergone Off Pump Coronary Artery Bypass (OPCAB).Bangladesh Heart Journal 2018; 33(1) : 67-73


2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Güden ◽  
Belhhan Akpinar ◽  
Ertan Sagğbaş ◽  
İlhan Sanisoğlu ◽  
Emine Cakali ◽  
...  

A prospective randomized and double-blind study was performed to evaluate whether perioperative triiodothyronine administration has any effect on cardiovascular performance after coronary artery bypass surgery. Sixty patients were assigned to 2 groups of 30 each. When crossclamping ended, group A received an intravenous bolus of triiodothyronine, followed by infusion for 6 hours. Group B received a placebo. Serum triiodothyronine levels and hemo-dynamic parameters were serially measured. Mean postoperative cardiac index was slightly, but not significantly, higher in group A, whereas systemic vascular resistance was significantly lower in group A. Compared with preoperative values, serum triiodothyronine levels dropped significantly in group B at the end of cardiopulmonary bypass and remained low 12 hours postoperatively, while levels rose significantly in group A. No significant differences were detected between the groups in the incidence of arrhythmia, the need for inotropic support, intensive care unit stay, mortality, and morbidity. Perioperative administration of triiodothyronine increased cardiac output slightly and decreased systemic vascular resistance, but it had no effect on operative outcome. Routine use after coronary surgery is thus not recommended.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document