scholarly journals Association of CD4+ T-cell Count, HIV-1 RNA Viral Load, and Antiretroviral Therapy With Kaposi Sarcoma Risk Among HIV-infected Persons in the United States and Canada

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 382-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Dubrow ◽  
Li Qin ◽  
Haiqun Lin ◽  
Raúl U. Hernández-Ramírez ◽  
Romain S. Neugebauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Kaposi Sarcoma ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Cd4 T Cell Count

scholarly journals EBV AND HHV-6 CIRCULATING SUBTYPES IN PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV IN BURKINA FASO, IMPACT ON CD4 T CELL COUNT AND HIV VIRAL LOAD

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2017049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lassina TRAORE ◽  
Ouéogo NIKIEMA ◽  
Abdoul Karim OUATTARA ◽  
Tegwindé Rébéca COMPAORE ◽  
Serge Théophile SOUBEIGA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Cd4 T Cell Count

Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) and Human Herpes Virus 6 (HHV-6) are responsible for severe diseases, particularly in immunocompromised persons. There are poor data on the infection with these opportunistic viruses in Burkina Faso.The purpose of this study is to characterize EBV and HHV-6 subtypes and to assess their impact on CD4 T cell count, HIV-1 viral load and antiretroviral treatment in people living with HIV-1.The study population consisted of 238 HIV-positive patients with information on CD4 count, HIV-1 viral load and HAART. Venous blood samples collected on EDTA tubes were used for EBV and HHV-6 Real Time PCR subtyping.An infection rate of 6.7% (16/238) and 7.1% (17/238) were found respectively for EBV and HHV-6 in the present study. Among EBV infections, similar prevalences were noted for both subtypes (3.9% [9/238] for EBV-1 vs 4.6% [11/238] for EBV-2) with 2.1% (5/238) of co-infection. HHV-6A infection represented 6.3% (15/238) of the study population against 5.0% (12/238) for HHV-6B. . EBV-2 infection was significantly higher in patients with CD4 count ≥ 500 compared to those with CD4 count less than 500 cells (1.65% vs 8.56%, p = 0,011). The prevalence of EBV and HHV-6 infections were almost similar in HAART-naive and HAART-experienced patients.The present study provides information on the prevalence of EBV and HHV-6 subtypes in people living with HIV-1 in Burkina Faso. The study also suggests that HAART treatment has no effect on infection with these opportunistic viruses in people living with HIV-1.

The Challenge of HIV-1 Genetic Diversity: Discordant CD4+ T-Cell Count and Viral Load in an Untreated Patient Infected With a Subtype F Strain

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 659-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hector Bolivar ◽  
Rebeca Geffin ◽  
Gabriel Manzi ◽  
Margaret A Fischl ◽  
Vera Holzmayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Untreated Patient ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Cd4 T Cell Count

Role of HIV-1 phenotype in viral pathogenesis and its relation to viral load and CD4+ T-cell count

1998 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Kupfer ◽  
Rolf Kaiser ◽  
Jürgen Kurt Rockstroh ◽  
Bertfried Matz ◽  
Karl Eduard Schneweis
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Viral Pathogenesis ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Cd4 T Cell Count

scholarly journals Sex-associated differences in pre-antiretroviral therapy plasma HIV-1 RNA in diverse areas of the world vary by CD4+ T-cell count

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1057-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Grinsztejn ◽  
◽  
Laura Smeaton ◽  
Ronald Barnett ◽  
Karin Klingman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
The World ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Cd4 T Cell Count

Evaluation of the expression pattern of 4 microRNAs and their correlation with cellular/viral factors in PBMCs of Long Term non-progressors and HIV infected naïve Individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sogol Jamshidi ◽  
Farah Bokharaei-Salim ◽  
Javid Sadri Nahand ◽  
Seyed Hamidreza Monavari ◽  
Mohsen Moghoofei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Mirnas Expression ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Cd4 T Cell Count

Background: Long-term non-progressors (LTNPs) are small subsets of HIV-infected subjects that can control HIV-1 replication for several years without receiving ART. The exact mechanism of HIV-1 suppression has not yet been completely elucidated. Although the modulatory role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in HIV-1 replication has been reported, their importance in LTNPs is unclear. Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the expression pattern of miR-27b, -29, -150, and -221, as well as their relationship with CD4+ T-cell count, HIV-1 viral load, and nef gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of untreated viremic patients and in LTNPs. Methods: MiRNAs expression levels were evaluated with real-time PCR assay using RNA isolated from PBMCs of LTNPs, HIV-1 infected naive patients, and healthy people. Moreover, CD4 T-cell count, HIV viral load, and nef gene expression were assessed. Results: The expression level of all miRNAs significantly decreased in the HIV-1 patient group compared to the control group, while the expression pattern of miRNAs in the LNTPs group was similar to that in the healthy subject group. In addition, there were significant correlations between some miRNA expression with viral load, CD4+ T-cell count, and nef gene expression. Conclusion: The significant similarity and difference of the miRNA expression pattern between LNTPs and healthy individuals as well as between elite controllers and HIV-infected patients, respectively, showed that these miRNAs could be used as diagnostic biomarkers. Further, positive and negative correlations between miRNAs expression and viral/cellular factors could justify the role of these miRNAs in HIV-1 disease monitoring.

Evolution of CD4+ T Cell Count in HIV-1-Infected Adults Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy with Sustained Long-Term Virological Suppression

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 569-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Byakwaga ◽  
John M. Murray ◽  
Kathy Petoumenos ◽  
Anthony D. Kelleher ◽  
Matthew G. Law ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Virological Suppression ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Cd4 T Cell Count

scholarly journals Safety of monitoring antiretroviral therapy response in HIV-1 infection using CD4+ T cell count at long-term intervals

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingridt Hildegard Vogler ◽  
Daniela Frizon Alfieri ◽  
Heloisa Damazio Bruna Gianjacomo ◽  
Elaine Regina Delicato de Almeida ◽  
Edna Maria Vissoci Reiche
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Sustained Virologic Response ◽  
Virologic Response ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Cd4 T Cell Count

Abstract: The latest Brazilian guideline recommended the reduction of routine CD4+ T cell counts for the monitoring of patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) under combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of monitoring response to cART in HIV-1 infection using routine viral load at shorter intervals and CD4+ T cell count at longer intervals. CD4+ T cell counts and HIV-1 viral load were evaluated in 1,906 HIV-1-infected patients under cART during a three-year follow-up. Patients were stratified as sustained, non-sustained and non-responders. The proportion of patients who showed a CD4+ T > 350cells/µL at study entry among those with sustained, non-sustained and non-responders to cART and who remained with values above this threshold during follow-up was 94.1%, 81.8% and 71.9%, respectively. HIV-1-infected patients who are sustained virologic responders and have initial CD4+ T cell counts > 350cells/µL showed a higher chance of maintaining the counts of these cells above this threshold during follow-up than those presenting CD4+ T ≤ 350cells/µL (OR = 39.9; 95%CI: 26.5-60.2; p < 0.001). This study showed that HIV-1-infected patients who had sustained virologic response and initial CD4+ T > 350cells/µL were more likely to maintain CD4+ T cell counts above this threshold during the next three-year follow-up. This result underscores that the evaluation of CD4+ T cell counts in longer intervals does not impair the safety of monitoring cART response when routine viral load assessment is performed in HIV-1-infected patients with sustained virologic response.

scholarly journals Cerebral Toxoplasmosis, CMV and Bacterial Pneumonia with Decreasing CD4+ T-Cell Count as Results of Antiretroviral Therapy Discontinuation—A Case Report

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 497
Author(s):  
Marta Piwowarek ◽  
Katarzyna Siennicka ◽  
Tomasz Mikuła ◽  
Alicja Wiercińska-Drapało
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Bacterial Pneumonia ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Cerebral Toxoplasmosis ◽  
Therapy Discontinuation ◽  
Cd4 T Cell Count

Cerebral toxoplasmosis occurs mainly in immunocompromised hosts as a reactivation of latent Toxoplasma gondii infection. In the diagnostic process, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), serum testing, and biopsy are used. We describe a case of a 43-year-old HIV-positive patient presenting with altered levels of consciousness, aphasia, and hemiparesis. The patient had a history of antiretroviral therapy discontinuation for about 3 years. MRI revealed lesions, suggesting cerebral toxoplasmosis and subacute hemorrhage, serum tests for Toxoplasma gondii were positive. Antiparasitics and glycocorticosteroids were administered. A decline in viral load and clinical improvement were observed, however CD4+ T-cell count continued to decrease. The patient’s state worsened, he developed CMV and bacterial pneumonia, which led to his death. What is crucial in the management of an HIV-infected patient is effective and continuous antiretroviral therapy. Discontinuation of the treatment may result in AIDS and lead to poor recovery of the CD4+ T-cell population, even after reimplementation of antiretroviral therapy and a decrease in viral load.

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