On a new method for the determination of atmospheric carbon dioxide, based on the rate of its absorption by a free surface of a solution of caustic alkali

In an appendix to a paper on the static diffusion of gases, communicated to the Society in 1900, it was shown that when a current of air containing a constant proportion of carbon dioxide is caused to move in a turbulent stream over the free surface of a solution of caustic alkali, the rate of absorption of that gas increases with the velocity of the air-current up to a certain optimal speed, beyond which no further increase in the speed of the current influences the rate of absorption. It was further shown that when the optimal velocity of the air-current has been reached, and the temperature is maintained practically constant, the rate of absorption then varies directly as the partial pressure of the carbon dioxide in the air. In other words, if under the above conditions the rate of absorption per unit of area of the liquid surface is a for a partial pressure of carbon dioxide represented by and is for a partial pressure of p' , then at similar temperatures, a / p = a' / p' . A suggestion was also made that this principle might be found applicable to a determination of the carbon dioxide in air, and that if the method were found to be a practical one it would have the manifest advantage of not requiring any measurement of the air from which the gas was absorbed.

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Publication announcement

Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character ◽

10.1098/rspa.1905.0065 ◽

1905 ◽

Vol 76 (507) ◽

pp. 87-87

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Free Surface ◽

Special Reference ◽

Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽

New Method ◽

Caustic Alkali ◽

Physiological Processes ◽

Thermal Emissivity ◽

In Series

Researches on some of the Physiological Processes of Green Leaves, with special Reference to the Interchange of Energy between the Leaf and its Surroundings. By HORACE T. BROWN, LL.D., F.R.S., and F. Escombe. On a New Method for the Determination of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide. based on the Rate of its Absorption by a Free Surface of a Solution of Caustic Alkali. By HORACE T. BROWN, LL.D., F.R.S., and F. Escombe On the Variations in the Amount of Carbon Dioxide in the Air of Kew during the Years 1898-1901. By HORACE T. BROWN, LL.D., F.R.S., and F. EscOMBE. On the Thermal Emissivity of a Green Leaf in Still and Moving Air. By HORACE T. BROWN, LL.D., F.R.S., and W. E. WILSON, D.Sc., F.R.S. These papers, which formed the basis of the Bakerian Lecture, delivered by Dr. Horace T. Brown, on March 23, 1905, are published in Series B of 'Proceedings,' April, 1905.

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The influence of varying amounts of carbon dioxide in the air on the photosynthetic process of leaves and on the mode of growth of plants

Proceedings of the Royal Society of London ◽

10.1098/rspl.1902.0040 ◽

1902 ◽

Vol 70 (459-466) ◽

pp. 397-413 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽

Slight Variation ◽

Physical Processes ◽

Caustic Alkali ◽

Low Velocity ◽

Air Stream ◽

Rate Of Absorption ◽

Gaseous Carbon Dioxide ◽

Series Of Experiments

In a paper recently laid before this Society dealing with the physical processes which regulate the entry of atmospheric carbon dioxide into the leaves of plants, we incidentally described a series of experiments relating to the rate of absorption of dilute gaseous carbon dioxide by surfaces of solutions of caustic alkali, when air containing definite small amounts of this gas is drawn over the liquid. Contrary to what might be expected from the perfect absorbing nature of the solution, and the known laws of gaseous diffusion, the amount of CO 2 absorbed by unit area of the liquid surface in unit time ceases sensibly to increase when a comparatively low velocity of the moving air current has been reached. This, however, only holds good when the proportion of CO 2 in the air stream is maintained quite constant, any slight variation in the amount at once affecting the rate of absorption. On investigation it was found that for dilutions of carbon dioxide lying between 0·6 part and 6 parts per 10,000 of air, the rate of absorption of the carbon dioxide is strictly proportional its partial pressure .

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III. On the atomic weight of manganese

Proceedings of the Royal Society of London ◽

10.1098/rspl.1883.0008 ◽

1883 ◽

Vol 35 (224-226) ◽

pp. 44-48

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Silver Chloride ◽

Atomic Weight ◽

Special Method ◽

Its Analysis ◽

A Current ◽

Sulphuretted Hydrogen

Our attention has been directed for some time to a new determination of the atomic weight of manganese. This communication gives a succinct account of the results of the preliminary stages of such an inquiry, and although the further progress of the investigation may reveal some errors, still we feel convinced the final numbers can in no way differ materially from the present values, and therefore further delay in publication is unnecessary. The atomic weight of manganese has been determined by many chemists, but the resulting values vary considerably according to the special method selected. The results of the different investigators may be divided into two classes—those giving approximately 55 as the number, and those making it about 54. To the former class belong Turner, Berzelius, and Dumas, all of whom use the same method, viz., the determination of the silver chloride yielded by a weighed amount of chloride of manganese. Turner also made determinations from the analysis of the carbonate, and from the conversion of the monoxide into sulphate. Von Hauer used the same method as that employed by him in the determination of the atomic weight of cadmium, viz., the reduction of manganous sulphate to sulphide by ignition in a current of sulphuretted hydrogen. It is probable that this method is not very trustworthy, as, according to Schneider, the sulphide may be contaminated by oxysulphide. Schneider and Rawack belong to the second class of observers, the former employing the oxalate, and from its analysis calculating the atomic weight by deducting the weight of water and carbon dioxide obtained. Rawack, whose experiments were conducted in Schneider’s laboratory, weighed the water obtained by reducing manganoso-manganic oxide to manganous oxide.

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A novel method for determination of the15N isotopic composition of Rubisco in wheat plants exposed to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide

Physiologia Plantarum ◽

10.1111/ppl.12294 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 153 (2) ◽

pp. 195-203 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Iker Aranjuelo ◽

Gemma Molero ◽

Jean Christophe Avice ◽

Jacques Bourguignon

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Isotopic Composition ◽

Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽

Elevated Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽

Novel Method ◽

Atmospheric Carbon

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Ovine ill-thrift in Nova Scotia. 4. The survival at low oxygen partial pressure of fungi isolated from the contents of the ovine rumen

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m72-173 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. 1119-1128 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

D. Brewer ◽

J. M. Duncan ◽

S. Safe ◽

A. Taylor

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Nova Scotia ◽

Oxygen Partial Pressure ◽

Partial Pressure ◽

Low Oxygen ◽

Mucor Rouxii ◽

Permanent Pasture ◽

Method Of Determination ◽

Partial Pressures

Aspergillus fumigatus, Mucor rouxii, and Sporormia minima have been isolated from the rumen contents of sheep grazing permanent pasture at Nappan, Nova Scotia. To determine the ability of these fungi to survive and grow at the low oxygen partial pressure present in the rumen, a method of determination of oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide has been developed. The lowest partial pressures of oxygen [Formula: see text] and nitrogen that could be detected were 0.0005 cm Hg and the precision of the determination was ±0.001 cm Hg. Carbon dioxide was determined with slightly less precision than achieved for oxygen and nitrogen. Using this method, respiration was detected in cultures of all the fungi named at [Formula: see text] Hg and growth was observed at [Formula: see text] Hg in the case of M. rouxii. It is concluded that all these fungi are capable of survival in the ovine rumen.

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METABOLISMO LÍQUIDO DA MATÉRIA ORGÂNICA, CALCIFICAÇÃO E FLUXOS DE DIÓXIDO DE CARBONO EM DOIS RECIFES COSTEIROS SUJEITOS A DIFERENTES GRAUS DE IMPACTO: COROA VERMELHA E TAIPÚS DE FORA, BAHIA

Brazilian Journal of Aquatic Science and Technology ◽

10.14210/bjast.v19n3.4650 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Marcelo Friederichs Landim de Souza ◽

Thaís Bomfim Santana

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Partial Pressure ◽

Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽

Reef Flat ◽

Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽

Total Alkalinity ◽

Carbon Dioxide Partial Pressure ◽

Saturation State ◽

Anthropogenic Inputs ◽

Thermodynamic Conditions

This study intended to compare physical and chemical variables, net ecosystem metabolism (production – respiration) and calcification-carbonate dissolution rates in two coastal reefs subject to different levels of anthropogenic inputs of nutrients and organic matter. The coast surrounding Coroa Vermelha reef presented a higher degree of urbanization and touristic activities than Taipus de Fora at the time of sampling. The temperature, dissolved inorganic nutrients, total alkalinity, and total suspended solids were significantly higher in Coroa Vermelha reef, probably as a result of the anthropogenic inputs. These variables in Taipus de Fora were comparable to those found in the literature for Recife de Fora, an offshore protected reef and other less impacted reefs. Total alkalinity, dissolved inorganic carbon and carbon dioxide partial pressure were lower and pH was higher in the reef flat than at the surrounding seawater. There was a prevalence of an influx of atmospheric carbon dioxide to reef water, net autotrophy and calcification. A significant correlation was observed between net calcification and net community metabolism. The benthic photosynthesis in the reef flat during low tide decreases the carbon dioxide partial pressure and increases the aragonite saturation state, establishing thermodynamic conditions that favor calcification.

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