Circulation patterns of genetically distinct group A and B strains of human respiratory syncytial virus in a community.

We report here the complete genome sequence of human respiratory syncytial virus isolated from an outpatient child with fever and respiratory symptoms in Shanghai, China, in 2014. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the full-length respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) genome sequence belongs to human RSV (HRSV) group A.

Download Full-text

Genetic analysis and antigenic characterization of human respiratory syncytial virus group A viruses isolated in Germany 1996–2008

Virus Genes ◽

10.1007/s11262-013-0936-9 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 210-218 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ortwin Adams ◽

Judith Werzmirzowsky ◽

Hartmut Hengel

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Genetic Analysis ◽

Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Virus Group ◽

Antigenic Characterization ◽

Group A ◽

Syncytial Virus

Download Full-text

Conservation of G-Protein Epitopes in Respiratory Syncytial Virus (Group A) Despite Broad Genetic Diversity: Is Antibody Selection Involved in Virus Evolution?

Journal of Virology ◽

10.1128/jvi.00467-15 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 89 (15) ◽

pp. 7776-7785 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Alfonsina Trento ◽

Leyda Ábrego ◽

Rosa Rodriguez-Fernandez ◽

Maria Isabel González-Sánchez ◽

Felipe González-Martínez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Positive Selection ◽

G Protein ◽

Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Antigenic Drift ◽

Clear Correlation ◽

Published Data ◽

Group A ◽

Syncytial Virus

ABSTRACTWorldwide G-glycoprotein phylogeny of human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) group A sequences revealed diversification in major clades and genotypes over more than 50 years of recorded history. Multiple genotypes cocirculated during prolonged periods of time, but recent dominance of the GA2 genotype was noticed in several studies, and it is highlighted here with sequences from viruses circulating recently in Spain and Panama. Reactivity of group A viruses with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) that recognize strain-variable epitopes of the G glycoprotein failed to correlate genotype diversification with antibody reactivity. Additionally, no clear correlation was found between changes in strain-variable epitopes and predicted sites of positive selection, despite both traits being associated with the C-terminal third of the G glycoprotein. Hence, our data do not lend support to the proposed antibody-driven selection of variants as a major determinant of hRSV evolution. Other alternative mechanisms are considered to account for the high degree of hRSV G-protein variability.IMPORTANCEAn unusual characteristic of the G glycoprotein of human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is the accumulation of nonsynonymous (N) changes at higher rates than synonymous (S) changes, reaching dN/dS values at certain sites predictive of positive selection. Since these sites cluster preferentially in the C-terminal third of the G protein, like certain epitopes recognized by murine antibodies, it was proposed that immune (antibody) selection might be driving the apparent positive selection, analogous to the antigenic drift observed in the influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA). However, careful antigenic and genetic comparison of the G glycoprotein does not provide evidence of antigenic drift in the G molecule, in agreement with recently published data which did not indicate antigenic drift in the G protein with human sera. Alternative explanations to the immune-driven selection hypothesis are offered to account for the high level of G-protein genetic diversity highlighted in this study.

Download Full-text

Genetic diversity and molecular epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus over four consecutive seasons in South Africa: identification of new subgroup A and B genotypes

Journal of General Virology ◽

10.1099/0022-1317-82-9-2117 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 82 (9) ◽

pp. 2117-2124 ◽

Cited By ~ 145

Author(s):

Marietjie Venter ◽

Shabir A. Madhi ◽

Caroline T. Tiemessen ◽

Barry D. Schoub

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Molecular Epidemiology ◽

South African ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

The Other ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Circulation Patterns ◽

Group A ◽

Syncytial Virus

The molecular epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was studied over four consecutive seasons (1997–2000) in a single tertiary hospital in South Africa: 225 isolates were subgrouped by RT–PCR and the resulting products sequenced. Subgroup A predominated in two seasons, while A and B co-circulated approximately equally in the other seasons. The nucleotide sequences of the C-terminal of the G-protein were compared to sequences representative of previously defined RSV genotypes. South African subgroup A and subgroup B isolates clustered into four and five genotypes respectively. One new subgroup A and three new subgroup B genotypes were identified. Different genotypes co-circulated in every season. Different circulation patterns were identified for group A and B isolates. Subgroup A revealed more variability and displacement of genotypes while subgroup B remained more consistent.

Download Full-text

Subgroup Prevalence and Genotype Circulation Patterns of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Belgium during Ten Successive Epidemic Seasons

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.00339-07 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 45 (9) ◽

pp. 3022-3030 ◽

Cited By ~ 75

Author(s):

K. T. Zlateva ◽

L. Vijgen ◽

N. Dekeersmaeker ◽

C. Naranjo ◽

M. Van Ranst

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Circulation Patterns ◽

Syncytial Virus

Download Full-text

The transmission dynamics of groups A and B human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) in England & Wales and Finland: seasonality and cross-protection

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268804003450 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 133 (2) ◽

pp. 279-289 ◽

Cited By ~ 79

Author(s):

L. J. WHITE ◽

M. WARIS ◽

P. A. CANE ◽

D. J. NOKES ◽

G. F. MEDLEY

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Transmission Dynamics ◽

Parameter Estimates ◽

Dynamic Complexity ◽

Infection Dynamics ◽

Group A ◽

Syncytial Virus ◽

Simultaneous Model ◽

Two Populations

Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) transmission dynamics are inherently cyclical, and the observed genetic diversity (between groups A and B) also appears to have a repeating pattern. A key unknown is the extent to which genetic variants interact immunologically, and thus impact on epidemiology. We developed a novel mathematical model for hRSV transmission including seasonal forcing of incidence and temporary intra- and inter-group partial immunity. Simultaneous model fits to data from two locations (England & Wales, UK, and Turku, Finland) successfully reproduced the contrasting infection dynamics and group A/B dominance patterns. Parameter estimates are consistent with direct estimates. Differences in the magnitude and seasonal variation in contact rate between the two populations alone could account for the variation in dynamics between these populations. The A/B group dominance patterns are explained by reductions in susceptibility to and infectiousness of secondary homologous and heterologous infections. The consequences of the observed dynamic complexity are discussed.

Download Full-text