scholarly journals Conditionally positive: a qualitative study of public perceptions about using health data for artificial intelligence research

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa D McCradden ◽  
Tasmie Sarker ◽  
P Alison Paprica
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
General Public ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Qualitative Description ◽  
The Public

ABSTRACTObjectivesGiven widespread interest in applying artificial intelligence (AI) to health data to improve patient care and health system efficiency, there is a need to understand the perspectives of the general public regarding the use of health data in AI research.DesignA qualitative study involving six focus groups with members of the public. Participants discussed their views about AI in general, then were asked to share their thoughts about three realistic health AI scenarios. Data were analysed using qualitative description thematic analysis.SettingsTwo cities in Ontario, Canada: Sudbury (400 km north of Toronto) and Mississauga, (part of the Greater Toronto Area).ParticipantsForty-one purposively sampled members of the public (21M:20F, 25-65 years, median age 40).ResultsParticipants had low levels of prior knowledge of AI and mixed, mostly negative, perceptions of AI in general. Most endorsed AI as a tool for the analysis of health data when there is strong potential for public benefit, providing that concerns about privacy, consent, and commercial motives were addressed. Inductive thematic analysis identified AI-specific hopes (e.g., potential for faster and more accurate analyses, ability to use more data), fears (e.g., loss of human touch, skill depreciation from over-reliance on machines) and conditions (e.g., human verification of computer-aided decisions, transparency). There were mixed views about whether consent is required for health data research, with most participants wanting to know if, how and by whom their data were used. Though it was not an objective of the study, realistic health AI scenarios were found to have an educational effect.ConclusionsNotwithstanding concerns and limited knowledge about AI in general, most members of the general public in six focus groups in Ontario, Canada perceived benefits from health AI and conditionally supported the use of health data for AI research.STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS OF THIS STUDYA strength of this study is the analysis of how diverse members of the general public perceive three realistic scenarios in which health data are used for AI research.The detailed health AI scenarios incorporate points that previous qualitative research has indicated are likely to elicit discussion (e.g., use of health data without express consent, involvement of commercial organisations in health research, inability to guarantee anonymity of genetic data) and may also be useful in future qualitative research studies and for educational purposes.The findings are likely to be relevant to organisations that are considering making health data available for AI research and development.Notwithstanding the diverse ethnic and educational backgrounds of participants, overall the sample represents the general (mainstream) population of Ontario and results cannot be interpreted as presenting the views of specific subpopulations and may not be generalisable across Ontario or to other settings.Given the low level of knowledge about AI in general it is possible that the views of participants would change substantially if they learned and understood more about AI.TRANSPARENCY STATEMENTP. Alison Paprica affirms that the manuscript is an honest, accurate and transparent account of the study being reported; that no important aspects of the study have been omitted; and that there were no discrepancies from the study as originally approved by the University of Toronto Research Ethics Board.

scholarly journals Conditionally positive: a qualitative study of public perceptions about using health data for artificial intelligence research

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e039798
Author(s):  
Melissa D McCradden ◽  
Tasmie Sarker ◽  
P Alison Paprica
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
General Public ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Qualitative Description ◽  
The Public ◽  
Greater Toronto Area

ObjectivesGiven widespread interest in applying artificial intelligence (AI) to health data to improve patient care and health system efficiency, there is a need to understand the perspectives of the general public regarding the use of health data in AI research.DesignA qualitative study involving six focus groups with members of the public. Participants discussed their views about AI in general, then were asked to share their thoughts about three realistic health AI research scenarios. Data were analysed using qualitative description thematic analysis.SettingsTwo cities in Ontario, Canada: Sudbury (400 km north of Toronto) and Mississauga (part of the Greater Toronto Area).ParticipantsForty-one purposively sampled members of the public (21M:20F, 25–65 years, median age 40).ResultsParticipants had low levels of prior knowledge of AI and mixed, mostly negative, perceptions of AI in general. Most endorsed using data for health AI research when there is strong potential for public benefit, providing that concerns about privacy, commercial motives and other risks were addressed. Inductive thematic analysis identified AI-specific hopes (eg, potential for faster and more accurate analyses, ability to use more data), fears (eg, loss of human touch, skill depreciation from over-reliance on machines) and conditions (eg, human verification of computer-aided decisions, transparency). There were mixed views about whether data subject consent is required for health AI research, with most participants wanting to know if, how and by whom their data were used. Though it was not an objective of the study, realistic health AI scenarios were found to have an educational effect.ConclusionsNotwithstanding concerns and limited knowledge about AI in general, most members of the general public in six focus groups in Ontario, Canada perceived benefits from health AI and conditionally supported the use of health data for AI research.

scholarly journals Perceptions and Barriers to Physical Activity in Childhood and Adulthood Among Latinas

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosenda Murillo ◽  
Mariana Vazquez ◽  
Isabel Leal ◽  
Daphne Hernandez ◽  
Qian Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Individual Interview ◽  
Latina Women ◽  
The Us ◽  
Promotion Of Physical Activity ◽  
Barriers To Physical Activity

Objective: The purpose of this qualitative study was to identify perceptions and barriers to physical activity in childhood and adulthood among Latina adults. Methods: We conducted 3 focus groups, 2 dyadic interviews, and an individual interview using semi-structured interview guides with 23 Latina women aged 21-35. A thematic analysis approach employing inductive and deductive coding was utilized to code, categorize, and summarize data into themes. Results: The themes that emerged focused on: (1) physical activity is enjoyable; (2) family influenced physical activity; (3) different lifestyle in the US influenced physical activity; (4) physical activity is important for health; and (5) responsibilities (eg, work, caregiving) as barriers to physical activity in adulthood. Conclusions: Perceptions and barriers to physical activity experienced in both childhood and adulthood should be considered in the promotion of physical activity among Latinas.

Becoming a transcultural psychotherapist: Qualitative study of the experience of professionals in training in a transcultural psychotherapy group

2020 ◽  
pp. 136346152095006
Author(s):  
Laura Carballeira Carrera ◽  
Sarah Lévesque-Daniel ◽  
Marie Rose Moro ◽  
Malika Mansouri ◽  
Jonathan Lachal
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Psychotherapy Training ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Sufficient Time ◽  
Therapeutic Technique ◽  
Transcultural Psychotherapy

Transcultural psychotherapy is an original therapeutic technique designed to respond to difficulties encountered in psychiatric treatment for migrants. Today, this psychotherapy is formalized and it is in use at numerous sites in France and internationally. An increasing number of professionals are seeking training in this method. We sought to explore the experiences of these trainees, at their entry in the group and during their training. This qualitative study used focus groups to interview trainees participating in a transcultural psychotherapy training group. The thematic analysis generated two domains of experience: the emotional and personal experience within the transcultural group, including the private feelings of the trainee-participants, their initial difficulties, and the changes in these feelings; and their perception of this specific type of care, that is, their perspectives on transcultural psychotherapy and its most original aspects. Based on the narratives of trainees in this program, we conclude that becoming a transcultural psychotherapist involves a process not only of cultural decentering but also of professional decentering. This decentering cannot be learned theoretically: it must be experienced, for a long enough time to become imbued with it and to allow oneself to modify one’s practices. After sufficient time in the group, the trainees succeed in extricating themselves, little by little, from their ethnocentric vision of psychotherapy, and come to tolerate and then integrate new ways of doing and thinking.

scholarly journals Mechanically assisted walking training during inpatient rehabilitation after stroke: perceptions of physiotherapists.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra G Brauer ◽  
Lauren Waters ◽  
Suzanne Kuys ◽  
Louise Ada
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Stroke Rehabilitation ◽  
Inpatient Rehabilitation ◽  
Treadmill Training ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
Inductive Approach ◽  
Therapeutic Consequences ◽  
Therapeutic Value

Background and Purpose: Despite evidence supporting the use of mechanically assisted walking training in stroke rehabilitation, it is not extensively used. The purpose of this study was a to explore the perceptions of physiotherapists regarding their use of mechanically assisted walking training, specifically treadmill training, during inpatient rehabilitation after stroke. Better understanding of physiotherapist perceptions can inform the development of translation strategies. Methods: A qualitative study using focus groups comprising 14 phsyiotherapists (including students) working in stroke inpatient rehabilitation at two sites was conducted. Transcripts were analysed using an inductive approach to thematic analysis. Results: Physiotherapists perceived two main themes related to using mechanically assisted walking training during inpatient rehabilitation; therapeutic consequences e.g. patients able to walk earlier, further, longer; less fatiguing for therapist, ability to manipulate walking parameters) and practical considerations (eg safety, efficiency, staff skill, access to equipment, weight and level of disability of patient, fear of treadmill). Discussion: Therapists perceptions of using mechanically assisted walking training during inpatient rehabilitation after stroke were mixed. There is a need to educate physiotherapy staff about the evidence of therapeutic value as well as how to perform mechanically assisted walking training.

scholarly journals TRANSITIONAL EXPERIENCES OF TERTIARY EDUCATION SUBSIDY GRANTEES: A QUALITATIVE STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 250-254
Author(s):  
Helen C. Fuentes
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
Transitional Experiences ◽  
The Government ◽  
Education Subsidy ◽  
Economic Capacity

This is a qualitative research describing the transitional experiences of Tertiary Education Subsidy grantees in Eastern Visayas. The participants were fifteen (15) purposively selected key informants from different SUCs in Region VIII. Using thematic analysis, the results revealed that prior to inclusion to the Tertiary Education Subsidy Grant the participants experience financial difficulties in sustaining their school and household needs; as a TES grantee, participants indicated a positive impact of the grant to their family and personal economic capacity; participants reported the problems they encountered such as delayed release of fund and difficulty in the enrolment of new cash card; the grantees claimed that they were thankful for the said grant and expressed their gratitude to the government. KEYWORDS: TES Grantees, transitional experiences, personality adjustments, subsidy

scholarly journals Infection control in the home: a qualitative study exploring perceptions and experiences of adhering to protective behaviours in the home during the COVID-19 pandemic

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. e056161
Author(s):  
Katherine Morton ◽  
Lauren Towler ◽  
Julia Groot ◽  
Sascha Miller ◽  
Ben Ainsworth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Behavioural Intervention ◽  
The Public ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Qualitative Survey ◽  
Protective Behaviours

ObjectivesWe sought to explore people’s experiences and perceptions of implementing infection control behaviours in the home during the COVID-19 pandemic, guided by an online behavioural intervention.DesignInductive qualitative study.SettingUK public during the COVID-19 pandemic.ParticipantsThirteen people took part in telephone interviews, and 124 completed a qualitative open-text survey. All were recruited from the public. Most survey participants were aged over 60 years, while interview participants were more distributed in age. Most reported being at increased risk from COVID-19, and were white British.InterventionOnline behavioural intervention to support infection control behaviours in the home during the COVID-19 pandemic.Data collectionTelephone think-aloud interviews and qualitative survey data.Data analysisThe think-aloud interview data and qualitative survey data were analysed independently using inductive thematic analysis. The findings were subsequently triangulated.ResultsThematic analysis of the telephone interviews generated seven themes: perceived risk; belief in the effectiveness of protective behaviours; acceptability of distancing and isolation; having capacity to perform the behaviours; habit forming reduces effort; having the confidence to perform the behaviours; and social norms affect motivation to engage in the behaviours. The themes identified from the survey data mapped well onto the interview analysis. Isolating and social distancing at home were less acceptable than cleaning and handwashing, influenced by the need for intimacy with household members. This was especially true in the absence of symptoms and when perceived risk was low. People felt more empowered when they understood that even small changes, such as spending some time apart, were worthwhile to reduce exposure and lessen viral load.ConclusionsThe current study provided valuable insight into the acceptability and feasibility of protective behaviours, and how public health guidance could be incorporated into a behaviour change intervention for the public during a pandemic.

scholarly journals Connecting with Youth at Risk: Indigenous Organizations Use of Facebook

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Channarong Intahchomphoo ◽  
André Vellino ◽  
Odd Erik Gundersen
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Social Programs ◽  
Indigenous Youth ◽  
The Public ◽  
Youth Program ◽  
Indigenous Organizations ◽  
Youth At Risk

A qualitative study in which we conducted four interviews with two communication managers and two youth program managers of three indigenous organizations with offices in Ottawa, the data generated from the interviews were coded based on factors identified through thematic analysis. Indigenous organizations use Facebook for two main reasons. The first reason is to promote the work of these organizations to the public and for them, in turn to listen to the public’s opinions about news related to indigenous peoples’ wellbeing. Secondly, Facebook is also used to engage urban indigenous youth at risk with indigenous organizations that provide social programs and outreach. Indigenous organizations use Facebook because many urban indigenous youth in Ottawa are using Facebook and it is the fastest way to connect with them when they are or feel at risk.

Kwalitatief framingonderzoek als middel voor vergroting van de overtuigingskracht in publieksvoorlichting en reclame

KWALON ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Gagestein
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
General Public ◽  
Public Domain ◽  
Qualitative Research Methods ◽  
The Public ◽  
Specific Interpretation ◽  
Varied Range ◽  
Collection Methods

Qualitative framing research as a means for enhancing persuasive powers in advertising and information for the general public Qualitative framing research as a means for enhancing persuasive powers in advertising and information for the general public Identifying and listing frames in the public domain often leads to qualitative research methods. The challenge for this qualitative inductive framing research is to picture reality as realistically as possible. A more varied range of data collection methods, specific interpretation schemes and reliability tests are effective instruments to achieve broader and more accurate results.

scholarly journals Assessment of the procedures record by professionals of Psychosocial Care Centers

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (suppl 5) ◽  
pp. 2191-2198
Author(s):  
Nathália dos Santos Silva ◽  
Nayana Cristina Souza Camargo ◽  
Ana Lúcia Queiroz Bezerra
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Psychosocial Care ◽  
The State ◽  
Work Process ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Intervening Factors

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the use of procedures record tools as data source for monitoring and assessment of Psychosocial Care Centers (CAPS- Centros de Atenção Psicossocial). Method: A descriptive, exploratory qualitative study was carried out in seven CAPS in the state of Goiás. A total of 58 professionals participated, and the data collection was from April to May 2016 through focus groups. The data were submitted to the thematic analysis of content with the aid of the ATLAS.ti 6.2 software. Results: Three thematic categories emerged from the content analysis: Understanding about the record of Psychosocial Care Centers procedures; Management of the record tools of Psychosocial Care Centers procedures; and Intervening factors for recording Psychosocial Care Centers procedures. Final considerations: Investment in the Permanent Education of professionals will be necessary; focusing on the management of the records resulted from the actions developed in the CAPS to qualify the information and the work process of the professionals.

What creates the public’s impression of social work and how can we improve it?

2021 ◽  
pp. 147332502199210
Author(s):  
Barbara Staniforth ◽  
Slade C Dellow ◽  
Catherine Scheffer
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Public ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Social Work Practitioners

This paper presents results from a study in Aotearoa New Zealand 1 which explored the ideas of social work practitioners on public perceptions of social work and how to improve them. This qualitative research was part of a Master’s project for two of the authors and followed on from two previous quantitative studies on this topic in Aotearoa. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 social work practitioners. Thematic analysis was used to create themes concerning what the perceived public perception was, what contributed to it, and how to improve it. The findings have implications for being better able to understand factors that contribute to the public perception of social work so that it may be improved, for increasing the public’s understanding of social work, and for recruitment of students into the profession.

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