scholarly journals Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury causes synergistic effects on mortality

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley M Willes ◽  
Tori R Krcmarik ◽  
Alexander E Daughtry ◽  
Douglas J Brusich
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Critical Number ◽  
Poor Understanding ◽  
Injury Causes ◽  
The U.S

AbstractRepetitive mild TBI (rmTBI) events are common in the U.S. However, rmTBI is challenging to study and this contributes to a poor understanding of mechanistic bases for disease following these injuries. We used fruit flies (D. melanogaster) and a modified version of the high-impact trauma (HIT) method of TBI to assess the pattern of mortality observed after rmTBI. We found that the pattern of mortality was synergistic after a critical number of injuries, similar to that observed previously at more moderate levels of TBI severity. The identity of cellular and molecular factors which contribute to the synergistic effect on mortality remain unknown, but this model offers a platform for investigation into such factors.

scholarly journals Features of a craniocerebral injury received against the background of craniostenosis

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 9-11
Author(s):  
A. L. Kirillov
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Cerebral Edema ◽  
Craniocerebral Injury ◽  
Brain Contusion ◽  
Injury Causes ◽  
Dehydration Therapy

Examined 87 patients with craniostenosis at the age from 3 to 14 years, who had suffered a moderate craniocerebral injury. It was found that in the stage of compensation, a relatively mild traumatic brain injury leads to mild brain contusion. Treatment of patients in this category should be conservative, but longer than in patients without concomitant craniostenosis. In the decompensated stage of craniostenosis, a similar injury causes the development of moderate brain contusion. With severe cerebral edema, flap craniotomy is indicated, since conventional dehydration therapy is ineffective.

scholarly journals Repeated mild traumatic brain injury causes focal response in lateral septum and hippocampus

Concussion ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. CNC13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Acabchuk ◽  
Denise I Briggs ◽  
Mariana Angoa-Pérez ◽  
Meghan Powers ◽  
Richard Wolferz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Lateral Septum ◽  
Injury Causes

scholarly journals Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Causes Optic Nerve and Retinal Damage in a Mouse Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radouil Tzekov ◽  
Alexandra Quezada ◽  
Megan Gautier ◽  
Davida Biggins ◽  
Candice Frances ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Retinal Damage ◽  
Injury Causes

scholarly journals Repetitive Diffuse Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Causes an Atypical Astrocyte Response and Spontaneous Recurrent Seizures

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 1944-1963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksii Shandra ◽  
Alexander R. Winemiller ◽  
Benjamin P. Heithoff ◽  
Carmen Munoz-Ballester ◽  
Kijana K. George ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Spontaneous Recurrent Seizures ◽  
Injury Causes

scholarly journals Fruit flies subjected to TBI exhibit genotype-dependent changes in seizure incidence and duration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tori R Krcmarik ◽  
Ashley M Willes ◽  
A Yang ◽  
Sydney L Weber ◽  
Douglas J Brusich
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Fruit Flies ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Seizure Duration ◽  
Poor Understanding ◽  
First Pass ◽  
Post Traumatic

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is common and often debilitating. One complication following TBI is post-traumatic seizures (PTS). However, there is a poor understanding of PTS, in part, because it is challenging to model. We sought to develop a fly model of PTS. We used a high-impact trauma (HIT) device to inflict TBI and followed this with behavioral, bang-testing methods to assess seizure behavior. Our results showed PTS incidence was sensitive to genetic background. We also found seizure duration was most pronounced at 30 minutes after injury. Our findings support the efficacy of our fly model for coarse screening of seizure behavior. We expect this model will be useful in first-pass screens intended to identify modifiers of seizure risk following TBI.

The Speech-Language Pathologists' Role in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury for Middle and High School–Age Children: Viewpoints on Guidelines From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 1363-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Brown ◽  
Katy O'Brien ◽  
Kelly Knollman-Porter ◽  
Tracey Wallace
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Centers For Disease Control

Purpose The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recently released guidelines for rehabilitation professionals regarding the care of children with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Given that mTBI impacts millions of children each year and can be particularly detrimental to children in middle and high school age groups, access to universal recommendations for management of postinjury symptoms is ideal. Method This viewpoint article examines the CDC guidelines and applies these recommendations directly to speech-language pathology practices. In particular, education, assessment, treatment, team management, and ongoing monitoring are discussed. In addition, suggested timelines regarding implementation of services by speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are provided. Specific focus is placed on adolescents (i.e., middle and high school–age children). Results SLPs are critical members of the rehabilitation team working with children with mTBI and should be involved in education, symptom monitoring, and assessment early in the recovery process. SLPs can also provide unique insight into the cognitive and linguistic challenges of these students and can serve to bridge the gap among rehabilitation and school-based professionals, the adolescent with brain injury, and their parents. Conclusion The guidelines provided by the CDC, along with evidence from the field of speech pathology, can guide SLPs to advocate for involvement in the care of adolescents with mTBI. More research is needed to enhance the evidence base for direct assessment and treatment with this population; however, SLPs can use their extensive knowledge and experience working with individuals with traumatic brain injury as a starting point for post-mTBI care.

Assessment of Cognitive-Communicative Disorders of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Sustained in Combat

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Parrish ◽  
Carole Roth ◽  
Brooke Roberts ◽  
Gail Davie
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Patient Questionnaire ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Communication Deficits

Abstract Background: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is recognized as the signature injury of the current conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, yet there remains limited understanding of the persisting cognitive deficits of mTBI sustained in combat. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) have traditionally been responsible for evaluating and treating the cognitive-communication disorders following severe brain injuries. The evaluation instruments historically used are insensitive to the subtle deficits found in individuals with mTBI. Objectives: Based on the limited literature and clinical evidence describing traditional and current tests for measuring cognitive-communication deficits (CCD) of TBI, the strengths and weaknesses of the instruments are discussed relative to their use with mTBI. It is necessary to understand the nature and severity of CCD associated with mTBI for treatment planning and goal setting. Yet, the complexity of mTBI sustained in combat, which often co-occurs with PTSD and other psychological health and physiological issues, creates a clinical challenge for speech-language pathologists worldwide. The purpose of the paper is to explore methods for substantiating the nature and severity of CCD described by service members returning from combat. Methods: To better understand the nature of the functional cognitive-communication deficits described by service members returning from combat, a patient questionnaire and a test protocol were designed and administered to over 200 patients. Preliminary impressions are described addressing the nature of the deficits and the challenges faced in differentiating the etiologies of the CCD. Conclusions: Speech-language pathologists are challenged with evaluating, diagnosing, and treating the cognitive-communication deficits of mTBI resulting from combat-related injuries. Assessments that are sensitive to the functional deficits of mTBI are recommended. An interdisciplinary rehabilitation model is essential for differentially diagnosing the consequences of mTBI, PTSD, and other psychological and physical health concerns.

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