scholarly journals Performing arts as a health resource? An umbrella review of the health impacts of music and dance participation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Matt McCrary ◽  
Emma Redding ◽  
Eckart Altenmüller
Keyword(s):  
Health Effects ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Umbrella Review ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Arts Participation ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Specific Health

AbstractAn increasing body of evidence notes the health benefits of arts engagement and participation. However, specific health effects and optimal modes and ‘doses’ of arts participation remain unclear, limiting evidence-based recommendations and prescriptions. The performing arts are the most popular form of arts participation, presenting substantial scope for established interest to be leveraged into positive health outcomes. Results of a three-component umbrella review (PROSPERO ID #: CRD42020191991) of relevant systematic reviews (33), epidemiologic studies (9) and descriptive studies (87) demonstrate that performing arts participation is broadly health promoting activity. Beneficial effects of performing arts participation were reported in healthy (non-clinical) children, adolescents, adults, and older adults across 17 health domains (9 supported by moderate-high quality evidence (GRADE criteria)). Positive health effects were associated with as little as 30 (acute effects) to 60 minutes (sustained weekly participation) of performing arts participation, with drumming and both expressive (ballroom, social) and exercise-based (aerobic dance, Zumba) modes of dance linked to the broadest health benefits. Links between specific health effects and performing arts modes/doses remain unclear and specific conclusions are limited by a still young and disparate evidence base. Further research is necessary, with this umbrella review providing a critical knowledge foundation.

scholarly journals Performing arts as a health resource? An umbrella review of the health impacts of music and dance participation

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252956
Author(s):  
J. Matt McCrary ◽  
Emma Redding ◽  
Eckart Altenmüller
Keyword(s):  
Health Effects ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Umbrella Review ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Arts Participation ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Specific Health

An increasing body of evidence notes the health benefits of arts engagement and participation. However, specific health effects and optimal modes and ‘doses’ of arts participation remain unclear, limiting evidence-based recommendations and prescriptions. The performing arts are the most popular form of arts participation, presenting substantial scope for established interest to be leveraged into positive health outcomes. Results of a three-component umbrella review (PROSPERO ID #: CRD42020191991) of relevant systematic reviews (33), epidemiologic studies (9) and descriptive studies (87) demonstrate that performing arts participation is broadly health promoting activity. Beneficial effects of performing arts participation were reported in healthy (non-clinical) children, adolescents, adults, and older adults across 17 health domains (9 supported by moderate-high quality evidence (GRADE criteria)). Positive health effects were associated with as little as 30 (acute effects) to 60 minutes (sustained weekly participation) of performing arts participation, with drumming and both expressive (ballroom, social) and exercise-based (aerobic dance, Zumba) modes of dance linked to the broadest health benefits. Links between specific health effects and performing arts modes/doses remain unclear and specific conclusions are limited by a still young and disparate evidence base. Further research is necessary, with this umbrella review providing a critical knowledge foundation.

scholarly journals Ozone exposure and health effects: a protocol for an umbrella review and effect-specific systematic maps

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e034854
Author(s):  
Tianyu Zhao ◽  
Iana Markevych ◽  
Christian Janßen ◽  
Dennis Nowak ◽  
Nadine Steckling-Muschack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Effects ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Ozone Exposure ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Umbrella Review ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Ambient Ozone ◽  
Specific Health

IntroductionAmbient ozone exposure may be adverse to health. Since the reported associations between ozone and health effects are heterogeneous and the underlying pathways are indistinct, the overall relationship remains unclear. Only a few overall syntheses of the evidence regarding ozone and health effects are available to date.Methods and analysisWe plan to summarise the current evidence on ozone-related health effects systematically. First, to identify the possible associations between ambient ozone exposure and health outcomes, we will conduct an umbrella review. PubMed, Web of Science and grey literature will be searched for systematic reviews on exposure to ambient ozone and any possible health endpoints published before 31 May 2019. Data selection and extraction will be carried out by one reviewer, and a second reviewer will check the agreement of a sample of the studies. The methodological quality of the eligible systematic reviews and level of evidence regarding ozone and every specific health effect will be evaluated. Second, for each of the identified effects with a high level of evidence, comprehensive information retrievals will be conducted, considering both epidemiological and experimental studies. The study selection and data mapping will be carried out by one reviewer and checked by the second reviewer. We will summarise the information of the filtered epidemiological and experimental studies to conduct several systematic maps presenting the currently available evidence for the specific health effect. Because the association between ozone exposure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is relatively well investigated, we will at least conduct one systematic map of ozone and COPD.Ethics and disseminationNo ethical approval is required for this study. The completed umbrella review and systematic maps will be considered for publication and presentation. We will additionally upload the relevant data to publicly accessible online databases.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019123064.

Revealing new leads for the impact of galacto-oligosaccharides on gut commensals and gut health benefits through text mining

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-302
Author(s):  
A.M. Sijbers ◽  
R.J.W. Schoemaker ◽  
A. Nauta ◽  
W. Alkema
Keyword(s):  
Text Mining ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Bifidobacterium Species ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) are linked to various health benefits, such as the relief of symptoms of constipation. Part of the beneficial effects of GOS are thought to be the consequence of their bifidogenic effect, stimulating the growth of several Bifidobacterium species in vivo. However, GOS may exert additional effects by directly stimulating other bacterial species or by effects that bifidobacteria may have on other commensals in the gut. To get a better insight into the potential health effects induced by GOS, a good understanding of the gut ecosystem, the role of GOS and bifidobacteria is important. An increasing number of 16S DNA profiling and metagenomics studies have led to an expanding inventory of genera, species and strains that can be found in the human gut. To investigate the potential connection of these commensals with GOS and bifidobacteria, we have undertaken a text-mining study to chart the literature landscape around these commensals. To this end, we created controlled vocabularies describing GOS, a large set of gut commensals and a number of terms related to gut health, which were used to mine the entire MEDLINE database. Co-occurrence text-mining revealed that a large number of commensals found in the gut have a connection with Bifidobacterium species and with gut health effects. Word frequency analysis provided more insight into the functional nature of these relationships. Combined co-occurrence search results pointed to putative novel health benefits indirectly linked to bifidobacteria and GOS. The potential beneficial effects of GOS on the protection of epithelial function and epithelial barrier impairment and appendicitis are interesting novel leads. The text-mining approach reported here revealed a number of novel leads through which GOS could exert health effects and that could be investigated in dedicated studies.

scholarly journals Consumers’ Perceptions of Coffee Health Benefits and Motives for Coffee Consumption and Purchasing

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Samoggia ◽  
Bettina Riedel
Keyword(s):  
Health Effects ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Traditional Markets ◽  
Social Settings ◽  
Health Claims Data

Coffee is popular worldwide and consumption is increasing, particularly in non-traditional markets. There is evidence that coffee consumption may have beneficial health effects. Consumers’ beliefs in the health benefits of coffee are unclear. The study aimed at analyzing consumers’ perceptions of coffee health benefits, consumption and purchasing motives of coffee consumers with positive perceptions of coffee health benefits, and willingness to pay for coffee with associated health claims. Data were collected through a face-to-face survey with consumers, resulting in a convenience sample of 250 questionnaires valid for data elaboration. Results were elaborated with factor analysis and logistic regression analysis. Findings revealed that a relevant minority of consumers believed that coffee could have positive health effects. The consumer with a positive perception of coffee health benefits is mostly male, young, works, is familiar with non-espresso-based coffee, consumes a limited amount of coffee (generally not for breakfast and often in social settings), and buys coffee at retail outlets. Consumers drink coffee for its energetic and therapeutic effects. Coffee consumption is still price-driven, but consumers are interested in purchasing coffee with associated health claims. There is the opportunity to improve the perception of coffee health benefits in consumers’ minds.

scholarly journals Phenolic-enriched foods: sources and processing for enhanced health benefits

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon J. McDougall
Keyword(s):  
Health Effects ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Secondary Products ◽  
Polyphenol Content ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Polyphenolic Composition ◽  
Phenolic Components ◽  
Polyphenol Intake ◽  
Specific Health

Polyphenols are ubiquitous secondary products present in many plant foods. Their intake has been associated with health benefits ranging from reduced incidence of CVD, diabetes and cancers to improved neurodegenerative outcomes. Major dietary sources include beverages such as coffee, teas and foods such as chocolate. Fruits are also major sources and berries in particular are a palatable source of a diverse range of polyphenol components. There are a number of ways that polyphenol uptake could be increased and healthier polyphenol-rich foods could be produced with specific compositions to target-specific health effects. Firstly, we could exploit the genetic diversity of plants (with a focus on berries) to select varieties that have enhanced levels of specific polyphenols implicated in disease mitigation (e.g. anthocyanins, tannins or flavonols). Working with variation induced by environmental and agronomic factors, modern molecular breeding techniques could exploit natural variation and beneficially alter polyphenol content and composition, although this could be relatively long term. Alternatively, we could employ a synthetic biology approach and design new plants that overexpress certain genes or re-deploy more metabolic effort into specific polyphenols. However, such ‘polyphenol-plus’ fruit could prove unpalatable as polyphenols contribute to sensorial properties (e.g. astringency of tannins). However, if the aim was to produce a polyphenol as a pharmaceutical then ‘lifting’ biosynthetic pathways from plants and expressing them in microbial vectors may be a feasible option. Secondly, we could design processing methods to enhance the polyphenolic composition or content of foods. Fermentation of teas, cocoa beans and grapes, or roasting of cocoa and coffee beans has long been used and can massively influence polyphenol composition and potential bioactivity. Simple methods such as milling, heat treatment, pasteurisation or juicing (v. pureeing) can have notable effects on polyphenol profiles and novel extraction methods bring new opportunities. Encapsulation methods can protect specific polyphenols during digestion and increase their delivery in the gastrointestinal tract to target-specific health effects. Lastly we could examine reformulation of products to alter polyphenol content or composition. Enhancing staple apple or citrus juices with berry juices could double polyphenol levels and provide specific polyphenol components. Reformulation of foods with polyphenol-rich factions recovered from ‘wastes’ could increase polyphenol intake, alter product acceptability, improve shelf life and prevent food spoilage. Finally, co-formulation of foods can influence bioavailability and potential bioactivity of certain polyphenols. Within the constraints that certain polyphenols can interfere with drug effectiveness through altered metabolism, this provides another avenue to enhance polyphenol intake and potential effectiveness. In conclusion, these approaches could be developed separately or in combination to produce foods with enhanced levels of phenolic components that are effective against specific disease conditions.

Microencapsulation: A Prospective to Protect Probiotics

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 891-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wissam Zam
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Host Health ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Selection Of

Probiotics are viable microorganisms widely used for their claimed beneficial effects on the host health. A wide number of researchers proved that the intake of probiotic bacteria has numerous health benefits which created a big market of probiotic foods worldwide. The biggest challenge in the development of these products is to maintain the viability of bacterial cells during the storage of the product as well as throughout the gastrointestinal tract transit after consumption, so that the claimed health benefits can be delivered to the consumer. Different approaches have been proposed for increasing the resistance of these sensitive microorganisms, including the selection of resistant strains, incorporation of micronutrients, and most recently the use of microencapsulation techniques. Microencapsulation has resulted in enhancing the viability of these microorganisms which allows its wide use in the food industry. In this review, the most common techniques used for microencapsulation of probiotics will be presented, as well as the most usual microcapsule shell materials.

Beneficial effects of dietary polyphenols in the prevention and treatment of NAFLD: cell-signaling pathways underlying health effects

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisca Echeverría ◽  
Andrés Bustamante ◽  
Verónica Sambra ◽  
Daniela Álvarez ◽  
Luis Videla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
De Novo Lipogenesis ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Dietary Polyphenols ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by hepatic accretion of triacylglycerides in the absence of alcohol intake that may progress to steatohepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis, becoming the main cause of chronic liver disease. This article discusses recent data concerning the use of dietary polyphenols in the prevention and treatment of NAFLD in vitro, in vivo, and in clinical trials. Methods: Study searches were performed using the PubMed database from the National Library of Medicine-National Institutes of Health. Results: Polyphenols exert beneficial effects in NAFLD, with positive outcomes being related to body weight gain, insulin resistance, liver fat accumulation, oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory status, mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress. Data reported for hydroxytyrosol suggest that the activation of the hepatic PPAR-α-FGF21-AMPK-PGC-1α signaling cascade is associated with fatty acid oxidation enhancement, de novo lipogenesis diminution and recovery of mitochondrial function, a contention that is supported by the actions of several polyphenols on specific components of this signaling pathway. Besides, polyphenols downregulate NF-κB, suppressing the pro-inflammatory state developed in NAFLD and upregulate liver Nrf2, increasing the cellular antioxidant potential. The latter feature of polyphenols is contributed by chelation of pro-oxidant trace elements, reduction of free radicals to stable forms and inhibition of free radical generating systems. Conclusion: Polyphenols are relevant bioactive compounds in terms of prevention and treatment of NAFLD, which exhibit low bioavailability and instability in biological systems that could limit their health effects. These drawbacks reinforce the necessity of further studies to improve the efficacy of polyphenol formulations for human interventions.

Investigating the role of transportation models in epidemiologic studies of traffic related air pollution and health effects

2015 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 282-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Shekarrizfard ◽  
Marie-France Valois ◽  
Mark S. Goldberg ◽  
Dan Crouse ◽  
Nancy Ross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Transportation Models
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