scholarly journals Cuticular hydrocarbon divergence in Drosophila melanogaster populations evolving under differential operational sex ratios

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rochishnu Dutta ◽  
Tejinder Singh Chechi ◽  
Ankit Yadav ◽  
Nagaraj Guru Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Cuticular Hydrocarbons ◽  
Sexual Conflict ◽  
Cuticular Hydrocarbon ◽  
Mate Recognition ◽  
Mate Preference ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Cuticular Hydrocarbon Profile ◽  
Buridan’S Ass

AbstractThe ability of interlocus sexual conflict to facilitate reproductive isolation is widely anticipated. However, very few experimental evolutionary studies have convincingly demonstrated the evolution of reproductive isolation due to sexual conflict. Recently a study on replicate populations of Drosophila melanogaster under differential sexual conflict found that divergent mate preference evolved among replicate populations under high sexual conflict regime. The precopulatory isolating mechanism underlying such divergent mate preference could be sexual signals such as cuticular hydrocarbons since they evolve rapidly and are involved in D. melanogaster mate recognition. Using D. melanogaster replicates used in the previous study, we investigate whether cuticular hydrocarbon divergence bears signatures of sexually antagonistic coevolution that led to reproductive isolation among replicates of high sexual conflict regime. We found that D. melanogaster cuticular hydrocarbon profiles are sexually dimorphic. Although replicate populations under high sexual conflict displayed assortative mating, we found no significant differences in the cuticular hydrocarbon profile between the high and low sexual conflict regimes. Instead we find cuticular hydrocarbon divergence patterns to be suggestive of the Buridan’s Ass regime which is one of the six possible mechanisms to resolve sexual conflict. Sexual selection that co-vary between populations under high and low sexual conflict regimes may also have contributed to the evolution of cuticular hydrocarbons. This study indicates that population differentiation as a result of cuticular hydrocarbon divergence cannot be credited to sexual conflict despite high sexual conflict regime evolving divergent cuticular hydrocarbon profiles.

Male-limited evolution suggests no extant intralocus sexual conflict over the sexually dimorphic cuticular hydrocarbons of Drosophila melanogaster

2011 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
STÉPHANIE BEDHOMME ◽  
ADAM K. CHIPPINDALE ◽  
N. G. PRASAD ◽  
MATTHIEU DELCOURT ◽  
JESSICA K. ABBOTT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Cuticular Hydrocarbons ◽  
Sexual Conflict ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Intralocus Sexual Conflict

Temperature affects the ontogeny of sexually dimorphic cuticular hydrocarbons in Drosophila melanogaster

2002 ◽  
Vol 205 (20) ◽  
pp. 3241-3249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrice Savarit ◽  
Jean-François Ferveur
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Cuticular Hydrocarbons ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Mate Recognition ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Shock Pulse ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Transgenic Strains

SUMMARY Hydrocarbons on the cuticle of mature Drosophila melanogasterflies play a crucial role in mate recognition, and protect against dehydration. We measured the effect of temperature on mature cuticular hydrocarbons (CHs) by (i) rearing two control strains at different temperatures, (ii) shifting the temperature after metamorphosis and (iii)inducing a single heat-shock pulse in control and heat-sensitive transgenic strains, over a period of 3 days following adult eclosion. This study describes the time course of the events involved in the production of male-and female-predominant CHs. We also found that `immature' CHs, sexually monomorphic CHs on younger flies, were not affected by these treatments.

Sexual selection affects the evolution of contact pheromones in Drosophila melanogaster populations isolated by differential sexual conflict

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rochishnu Dutta ◽  
Tejinder Singh Chechi ◽  
N. G. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Sexual Conflict ◽  
Population Differentiation ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Mate Preference ◽  
Cuticular Lipid ◽  
Antagonistic Coevolution ◽  
Sexually Antagonistic Coevolution

Abstract Background: The ability of sexual conflict to facilitate reproductive isolation is widely anticipated. However, very few experimental evolutionary studies have convincingly demonstrated the evolution of reproductive isolation due to sexual conflict. Recently a study on the replicates of Drosophila melanogaster populations under differential sexual conflict found that divergent mate preference evolved among replicates under high sexual conflict regime. The precopulatory isolating mechanism underlying such divergent mate preference could be sexual signals such as cuticular lipids since they evolve rapidly and are involved in D. melanogaster mate recognition. Using Drosophila melanogaster replicates used in the previous study, we investigate whether cuticular lipid divergence bears signatures of sexually antagonistic coevolution that led to reproductive isolation among replicates of high sexual conflict regime. Results: We found that their cuticular lipid profiles are sexually dimorphic. Although replicates with male biased sex ratio evolved isolation in reproductive traits due to high sexual conflict, the patterns of cuticular lipid divergence in high and low sexual conflict regimes suggest that sexual selection is the dominant selection pressure rather than sexual conflict affecting the cuticular lipid profile. We also find cuticular lipid divergence patterns to be suggestive of the Buridan’s Ass regime which is one of the six possible mechanism to resolve sexual conflict. Conclusions: Although reproductive isolation due to sexual conflict is anticipated, evolution of a sexually selected trait under sexual conflict may not lead to population differentiation in expected lines. This is because speciation due to sexually antagonistic coevolution is only one of the several outcomes of sexual conflict. This study indicates that population differentiation as a result of cuticular lipid divergence cannot be credited to sexual conflict despite high sexual conflict regime evolving divergent cuticular lipid profiles.

scholarly journals Genetic study of the production of sexually dimorphic cuticular hydrocarbons in relation with the sex-determination gene transformer in Drosophila melanogaster

2002 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
FABRICE SAVARIT ◽  
JEAN-FRANÇOIS FERVEUR
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Cuticular Hydrocarbons ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Female Progeny ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Good Relationship ◽  
Gal4 Expression ◽  
Sex Determination Mechanisms

In Drosophila melanogaster, the main cuticular hydrocarbons (HCs) are some of the pheromones involved in mate discrimination. These are sexually dimorphic in both their occurrence and their effects. The production of predominant HCs has been measured in male and female progeny of 220 PGal4 lines mated with the feminising UAS-transformer transgenic strain. In 45 lines, XY flies were substantially or totally feminised for their HCs. Surprisingly, XX flies of 14 strains were partially masculinised. Several of the PGal4 enhancer-trap variants screened here seem to interact with sex determination mechanisms involved in the control of sexually dimorphic characters. We also found a good relationship between the degree of HC transformation and GAL4 expression in oenocytes. The fat body was also involved in the switch of sexually dimorphic cuticular hydrocarbons but its effect was different between the sexes.

scholarly journals The Drosophila melanogaster pheromone Z4-11Al is encoded together with habitat olfactory cues and mediates species-specific communication

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastien Lebreton ◽  
Felipe Borrero-Echeverry ◽  
Francisco Gonzalez ◽  
Marit Solum ◽  
Erika Wallin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Neural Circuit ◽  
Olfactory Receptors ◽  
Mate Recognition ◽  
Olfactory Cues ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Social Signals ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Phylogenetic Divergence

AbstractMate recognition in animals evolves during niche adaptation and involves habitat and social olfactory signals. Drosophila melanogaster is attracted to fermenting fruit for feeding and egg-laying. We show that, in addition, female flies release a pheromone (Z)-4-undecenal (Z4-11Al), that elicits flight attraction in both sexes. The biosynthetic precursor of Z4-11Al is the cuticular hydrocarbon (Z,Z)-7,11-heptacosadiene (7,11-HD), which is known to afford reproductive isolation between the sibling species D. melanogaster and D. simulans. A pair of alternatively spliced receptors, Or69aB and Or69aA, is tuned to Z4-11Al and to food olfactory cues, respectively. These receptors are co-expressed in the same olfactory sensory neurons, and feed into a neural circuit mediating species-specific, long-range communication: the close relative D. simulans, which shares food resources and co-occurs with D. melanogaster, does not respond. That Or69aA and Or69aB have adopted dual olfactory traits highlights the interplay of habitat and social signals in mate finding. These olfactory receptor genes afford a collaboration between natural and sexual selection, which has the potential to drive phylogenetic divergence.Significance StatementVolatile insect sex pheromones carry a message over a distance, they are perceived by dedicated olfactory receptors, and elicit a sequence of innate behaviours. Pheromones mediate specific mate recognition, but are embedded in and perceived together with environmental olfactory cues. We have identified the first long-range, species-specific pheromone in Drosophila melanogaster. A pair of spliced olfactory receptors, feeding into the same neural circuit, has developed a dual affinity to this pheromone and kairomones, encoding adult and larval food. Blends of this pheromone and kairomone specifically attract D. melanogaster, but not the close relative D. simulans. This becomes an excellent paradigm to study the interaction of social signals and habitat olfactory cues in premating reproductive isolation and phylogenetic divergence.

scholarly journals Sexual conflict and reproductive isolation in flies

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 697-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.J. Hosken ◽  
O.Y. Martin ◽  
S. Wigby ◽  
T. Chapman ◽  
D.J. Hodgson
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Sexual Conflict ◽  
Experimental Evolution ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Isolation Index

Sexual conflict is predicted to generate more rapid reproductive isolation between larger populations. While there is some empirical support for this, the data are inconsistent and, additionally, there has been criticism of some of the evidence. Here we reanalyse two experimental-evolution datasets using an isolation index widely applied in the speciation literature. We find evidence for reproductive isolation through sexual conflict in Sepsis cynipsea , but not in Drosophila melanogaster , and this occurred to a greater degree in larger populations, which is consistent with previous findings.

scholarly journals Reproductive Isolation through Experimental Manipulation of Sexually Antagonistic Coevolution in Drosophila melanogaster

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Zeeshan Ali ◽  
Martik Chatterjee ◽  
Manas Arun Samant ◽  
Nagaraj Guru Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Sexual Conflict ◽  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Allopatric Populations ◽  
Antagonistic Coevolution ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Postmating Prezygotic Isolation ◽  
Sexually Antagonistic Coevolution

AbstractPromiscuity can drive the evolution of sexual conflict before and after mating occurs. Post-mating, the male ejaculate can selfishly manipulate female physiology leading to a chemical arms race between the sexes. Theory suggests that drift and sexually antagonistic coevolution can cause allopatric populations to evolve different chemical interactions between the sexes, thereby leading to postmating reproductive barriers and speciation. There is, however, little empirical evidence supporting this form of speciation. We tested this theory by creating an experimental evolutionary model of Drosophila melanogaster populations undergoing different levels of interlocus sexual conflict. We found that allopatric populations under elevated sexual conflict show assortative mating indicating premating reproductive isolation. Further, these allopatric populations also show reduced copulation duration and sperm defense ability when mating happens between individuals between individuals across populations compared to that within the same population, indicating postmating prezygotic isolation. Sexual conflict can cause reproductive isolation in allopatric populations through the coevolution of chemical (postmating prezygotic) as well as behavioural (premating) interaction between the sexes. Thus, to our knowledge, we provide the first comprehensive evidence of postmating (as well as premating) reproductive isolation due to sexual conflict.

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