scholarly journals Microplastic-mediated transport of PCBs? A depuration study with Daphnia magna

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zandra Gerdes ◽  
Martin Ogonowski ◽  
Inna Nybom ◽  
Caroline Ek ◽  
Margaretha Adolfsson-Erici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Daphnia Magna ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Persistent Organic Pollutants ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Body Burden ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
C And N ◽  
And Control

AbstractThe role of microplastic (MP) as a carrier of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) to aquatic organisms has been a topic of debate. However, theoretically, the reverse POP transport can occur at higher relative contaminant concentrations in the organism than in the microplastic. The effect of microplastic on the PCB removal in planktonic animals was evaluated using the cladoceran Daphnia magna with a high body burden of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB 18, 40, 128 and 209) exposed to a mixture of microplastic and algae (with 77% MP by mass); daphnids exposed to only algae served as the control. As the endpoints, we used PCB body burden, growth, fecundity and elemental composition (%C and %N) of the daphnids. We found that PCB 209 was removed more efficiently in the daphnids fed with microplastic, while there was no difference for the ΣPCBs between the microplastic-exposed and control animals. Effects of the microplastic exposure on fecundity were of low biological significance, even though both the starting PCB body burden and the microplastic exposure concentrations were high and greatly exceeding environmentally relevant concentrations.

Prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants as a risk factor of offspring metabolic syndrome development during childhood

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlene Cervantes González
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Prenatal Exposure ◽  
Persistent Organic Pollutants ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Experimental Findings

Abstract Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) are exogenous, artificially made chemicals that can disrupt the biological system of individuals and animals. POPs encompass a variety of chemicals including, dioxins, organochlorines (OCs), polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs), and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) that contain a long half-life and highly resistant to biodegradation. These environmental pollutants accumulate over time in adipose tissues of living organisms and alter various insulin function-related genes. Childhood Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) consists of multiple cardiovascular risk factors, insulin function being one of them. Over the years, the incidence of the syndrome has increased dramatically. It is imperative to explore the role of persistent organic pollutants in the development of Childhood Metabolic Syndrome. Some epidemiological studies have reported an association between prenatal exposure to POPs and offspring MetS development throughout childhood. These findings have been replicated in animal studies in which these pollutants exercise negative health outcomes such as obesity and increased waist circumference. This review discusses the role of prenatal exposure to POPs among offspring who develop MetS in childhood, the latest research on the MetS concept, epidemiological and experimental findings on MetS, and the POPs modes of action. This literature review identified consistent research results on this topic. Even though the studies in this review had many strengths, one major weakness was the usage of different combinations of MetS criteria to measure the outcomes. These findings elucidate the urgent need to solidify the pediatric MetS definition. An accurate definition will permit scientists to measure the MetS as a health outcome properly and allow clinicians to diagnose pediatric MetS and provide individualized treatment appropriately.

Investigating the Potential Role of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Hawaiian Green Sea Turtle Fibropapillomatosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (14) ◽  
pp. 7807-7816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Keller ◽  
George H. Balazs ◽  
Frances Nilsen ◽  
Marc Rice ◽  
Thierry M. Work ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Persistent Organic Pollutants ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Sea Turtle ◽  
Green Sea Turtle

Body burden of persistent organic pollutants on hypertension: a meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (14) ◽  
pp. 14284-14293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Hyun Park ◽  
Jung-eun Lim ◽  
Hyesook Park ◽  
Sun Ha Jee
Keyword(s):  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Persistent Organic Pollutants ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Body Burden

scholarly journals Biochar Enriched with Buffalo Slurry Improved Soil Nitrogen and Carbon Dynamics, Nutrient Uptake and Growth Attributes of Wheat by Reducing Leaching Losses of Nutrients

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1392
Author(s):  
Hafiz Muhammad Rashad Javeed ◽  
Mazhar Ali ◽  
Imtiaz Ahmed ◽  
Xiukang Wang ◽  
Ibrahim Al-Ashkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Carbon Dynamics ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Leaching Losses ◽  
C And N ◽  
Growth Attributes ◽  
And Control ◽  
Enrichment Process

The present investigation was conducted to understand the role of enriched biochar on soil nitrogen and carbon dynamics, leaching losses of nutrients, and growth attributes of wheat. Buffalo slurry (BS) was used to enrich the biochar for 24 h and 2% biochar (SB) or enriched biochar (SEB) was used. Enrichment of biochar with BS as SEB improved the C and N contents of biochar by 33–310% and 41–286% respectively. The application of biochar (SB) and enriched biochar (SEB) reduced the net nitrification by 81% and 94%, ammonification by 48% and 74%, and carbon dioxide by 50% and 92% respectively as compared to control. The leaching losses minerals i.e., C (by 30%), N (by 125%), P (by 50%), K (by 82%), Na (by 9%), Ca (by 24%), and Mg (by 12%) was decreased in SEB treatments compared to control. The soil enzyme activities, microbial biomass (MBC and MBN), wheat agronomy, soil bulk density and soil pore density, mineral uptake from the soil, and mineral contents in the plant body were improved in the SEB as compared to SB and control treatments. Our results revealed that the biochar enrichment process could improve the C and N storage in the soil reservoir and lower the environmental risks to soil and water.

Molecular insights into the role of a distal F240A mutation that alters CYP1A1 activity towards persistent organic pollutants

2017 ◽  
Vol 1861 (11) ◽  
pp. 2852-2860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Navrátilová ◽  
Markéta Paloncýová ◽  
Karel Berka ◽  
Shintaro Mise ◽  
Yuki Haga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Persistent Organic Pollutants
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