scholarly journals Estimating the Readily-Releasable Vesicle Pool Size at Synaptic Connections in a Neocortical Microcircuit

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Barros-Zulaica ◽  
J Rahmon ◽  
G Chindemi ◽  
R Perin ◽  
H Markram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Release Site ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Biophysical Model ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Synaptic Connections ◽  
Readily Releasable Pool ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Reported Data

AbstractPrevious studies based on the ‘Quantal Model’ for synaptic transmission suggested that neurotransmitter release is mediated by a single release site at individual synaptic contacts in the neocortex. However, recent studies seem to contradict this hypothesis and indicate that multi-vesicular release (MVR) could better explain the synaptic response variability observed in vitro. In this study we present a novel method to estimate the number of release sites per synapse, also known as the size of the readily-releasable pool (NRRP), from paired whole-cell recordings of layer 5 thick tufted pyramidal cell (L5_TTPC) connections in the somatosensory neocortex. Our approach extends the work of Loebel and colleagues to take advantage of a recently reported data-driven biophysical model of neocortical tissue. Using this approach, we estimated NRRP to be between two to three for connections between L5-TTPC. To constrain NRRP values for other connections in the microcircuit, we developed and validated a generalization approach using data on post-synaptic potential (PSP) coefficient of variations (CVs) from literature and matching to in silico experiments. Our study shows that synaptic connections in the neocortex generally are mediated by MVR and provides a data-driven approach to constrain the MVR model parameters of the microcircuit.

Modeling the Gas Exchange Processes of a Modern Diesel Engine With an Integrated Physics-Based and Data-Driven Approach

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Pulpeiro Gonzalez ◽  
King Ankobea-Ansah ◽  
Elena Escuder Milian ◽  
Carrie M. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Variable Valve Actuation ◽  
Exchange Processes ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Using Data

Abstract The gas exchange processes of engines are becoming increasingly complex since modern engines leverage technologies including variable valve actuation, turbochargers, and exhaust gas recirculation. Control of these many devices and the underlying gas flows is essential for high efficiency engine concepts. If these processes are to be controlled and estimated using model-based techniques, accurate models are required. This work explores a model framework that leverages a data-driven model of the turbocharger along with submodels of the intercooler, intake and exhaust manifolds and engine processes to provide cylinder-specific predictions of the pressure and temperatures of the gases across the system. This model is developed and validated using data from a 2.0 liter VW turbocharged, direct-injection diesel engine and shown to provide accurate prediction of critical gas properties.

Using data-driven approach for wind power prediction: A comparative study

2016 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 193-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Taslimi Renani ◽  
Mohamad Fathi Mohamad Elias ◽  
Nasrudin Abd. Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Power Prediction ◽  
Wind Power Prediction ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Using Data

scholarly journals Predicting toxins found in toxin–antitoxin systems with a role in host-induced Burkholderia pseudomallei persistence

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittany N. Ross ◽  
Joseph D. Thiriot ◽  
Shane M. Wilson ◽  
Alfredo G. Torres
Keyword(s):  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Transcriptional Response ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Environmental Cues ◽  
In Vitro Experiments ◽  
Host Defenses ◽  
Data Driven Approach

Abstract Burkholderia pseudomallei (Bpm) is a bacterial pathogen that causes Melioidosis, a disease with up to 40% mortality and an infection relapse of 15–23% despite antibiotic treatment. Ineffective clearance of Bpm by antibiotics is believed to be due to persistence, a hibernation-like survival mechanism modulated, in part, by toxin–antitoxin systems (TAS). Several organisms possess a repertoire of TASs but defining environmental cues eliciting their activity is hindered by laborious in vitro experiments, especially when there are many toxins with redundant function. Here, we identified which of 103 proteins in Bpm that share features found in toxins of the TAS and repurposed transcriptional data to identify which ones play a role in surviving intracellular host defenses. Putative toxins with the strongest transcriptional response were found to have low conservation between Bpm strains, while toxins that were constitutively expressed were highly conserved. Further examination of highly conserved toxins BPSS0899, BPSS1321, and BPSL1494 showed that they were functional, and their mutation led to reduce survival within macrophages and reduced in vivo persistence-associated pathology (abscesses) during treatment, but did not affect macrophages persistence. These findings highlight the utility of a data-driven approach to select putative toxins and suggests a selective role for some TAS in host survival.

A Data Driven Approach to Study the Social and Political Statuses of Urban Communities in Kunming

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 461-481
Author(s):  
Charles Chang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Computational Analysis ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Sufficient Detail ◽  
The Social ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Political Economic

AbstractThis article presents a data-driven approach to the study of the social and political statuses of urban communities in modern Kunming. Such information is lacking in government maps and documents. Using data from a wide variety of sources, many unconventional, I subject them to critical evaluation and computational analysis to extract information that can be used to produce a land use map of sufficient detail and accuracy to allow scholars to address and even answer questions of a socio-political, economic and, indeed, humanistic nature. My method can also be applied to other Chinese cities and to cities elsewhere that lack accurate information.

Forecast of chemostat dynamics using data-driven approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benaissa Dekhici ◽  
Boumediene Benyahiya ◽  
Brahim Cherki
Keyword(s):  
Data Driven ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Using Data

Dynamics and path tracking of continuum robotic arms using data-driven identification tools

Robotica ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Aida Parvaresh ◽  
S. Ali A. Moosavian
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Dynamics ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Path Tracking ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Robotic Arms ◽  
Rod Theory ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Continuum Robotic

Abstract In this paper, forward/inverse dynamics of a continuum robotic arm is developed using a data-driven approach, which could tackle uncertainties and extreme nonlinearities to obtain reliable solutions. By establishing a direct mapping between the actuator and task spaces, the unnecessary mappings of actuator-to-configuration then configuration-to-task are eliminated, to reduce extra computational cost. The proposed approach is validated through simulation (based on Cosserat rod theory) and experimental tests on RoboArm. Next, path tracking in the presence/absence of obstacles as well as load carrying maneuver are investigated. Finally, the obtained results concerning repeatability, scalability, and disturbance rejection performance of the approach are discussed.

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