scholarly journals Universal correspondence between edge spin accumulation and equilibrium spin currents in nanowires with spin-orbit coupling

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Tokatly ◽  
B. Bujnowski ◽  
F. S. Bergeret
Keyword(s):  
Orbit Coupling ◽  
Spin Accumulation ◽  
Spin Orbit Coupling ◽  
Spin Orbit ◽  
Spin Currents ◽  
Edge Spin

scholarly journals Irreversible Thermodynamics at Surfaces: Inverse Edelstein Effect for Topological Insulator

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne M. Saslow
Keyword(s):  
Topological Insulator ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Irreversible Thermodynamics ◽  
Orbit Coupling ◽  
Spin Accumulation ◽  
Spin Orbit Coupling ◽  
Spin Orbit ◽  
Charge Current ◽  
Flux Incident ◽  
Strong Spin

We employ Onsager’s irreversible thermodynamics (IrTh) to study the Inverse Edelstein effect (IEE) for a non-magnetic material (NM) adjacent to a topological insulator (TI) with a strong spin-orbit interaction. The TI surface state region is treated as quasi two-dimensional (2d). For the IEE, the source is a 3d spin flux incident from the NM that converts, at the NM/TI interface, to a quasi-2d charge current in the TI. For the Edelstein Effect (EE), the source is a quasi-2d charge flux incident from the TI that converts, at the interface, to a three-dimensional (3d) spin flux in the NM. For strong spin-orbit coupling, as considered here, when the 3d spin flux crosses to the 2d TI, the quasi-2d charge current is produced along with a quasi-2d spin accumulation. (For weak spin-orbit coupling, production of charge current and of spin accumulation are distinct processes.) We compute the associated rates of heating.

Pure Spin Currents Driven by Colossal Spin–Orbit Coupling on Two-Dimensional Surface Conducting SrTiO3

Nano Letters ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi-Jin Jin ◽  
Doo-Seung Um ◽  
Kohei Ohnishi ◽  
Sachio Komori ◽  
Nadia Stelmashenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orbit Coupling ◽  
Pure Spin ◽  
Spin Orbit Coupling ◽  
Spin Orbit ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Spin Currents ◽  
Dimensional Surface

scholarly journals Orbital torque in magnetic bilayers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongjoon Lee ◽  
Dongwook Go ◽  
Hyeon-Jong Park ◽  
Wonmin Jeong ◽  
Hye-Won Ko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Hall Effect ◽  
Spin Hall Effect ◽  
Orbit Coupling ◽  
Spin Orbit Coupling ◽  
Spin Orbit ◽  
Spin Currents ◽  
Fundamental Process ◽  
Metal Bilayers

Abstract The spin Hall effect describes an electric-field-induced generation of spin currents through spin-orbit coupling. Since the spin-orbit coupling alone cannot generate the angular momentum, there must be a more fundamental process of the spin Hall effect. Theories suggested that an electric-field-induced generation of orbital currents, called orbital Hall effect, is the fundamental process, and spin currents are subsequently converted from orbital currents. Despite its fundamental importance, the orbital Hall effect has not been confirmed experimentally. Motivated by a recent theoretical proposal of torque generation by orbital angular momentum injection, we examine the current-induced torque experimentally in various ferromagnet/heavy metal bilayers. We find that the net torque in Ni/Ta bilayers is opposite in sign to the spin Hall theory prediction but instead consistent with the orbital Hall theory, which confirms the orbital torque generated by the orbital Hall effect. It will invigorate researches on spin-orbit-coupled phenomena based on orbital engineering.

SPIN ACCUMULATION IN A QUANTUM WIRE WITH THE COEXISTENCE OF RASHBA AND DRESSELHAUSE SPIN–ORBIT COUPLING

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (26) ◽  
pp. 3495-3502 ◽  
Author(s):  
XI FU ◽  
GUANG-HUI ZHOU
Keyword(s):  
Spin Polarization ◽  
Free Electron ◽  
Quantum Wire ◽  
Scattering Matrix ◽  
Orbit Coupling ◽  
Spin Accumulation ◽  
Spin Orbit Coupling ◽  
Spin Orbit ◽  
Matrix Approach ◽  
Out Of Plane

We investigate theoretically the spin accumulation of a quantum wire nonadiabatically connected to two normal leads in the presence of Rashba and Dresselhaus spin–orbit coupling (SOC). Using scattering matrix approach within the effective free-electron approximation, three components of spin polarization have been calculated. It is demonstrated that for the Dresselhaus SOC case the out-of-plane spin polarization does not form spin accumulation, and when the two SOC terms coexist the influence of Rashba SOC to the out-of-plane spin accumulation is dominant and symmetry of the spin accumulation is broken due to the existence of Dresselhaus SOC. Moreover, the formation of the out-of-plane spin accumulation is influenced by the ratio of Rashba and Dresselhaus strength, and when the ratio is very small the out-of-plane spin polarization does not show spin accumulation patterns. It is also shown that the spin accumulation for the system is an intrinsic one which can be distinguished from the extrinsic spin accumulation by changing the Rashba strength.

scholarly journals PERSISTENT SPIN CURRENT IN SPIN-ORBIT COUPLING SYSTEMS IN THE ABSENCE OF AN EXTERNAL MAGNETIC FIELD

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 3687-3695 ◽  
Author(s):  
QING-FENG SUN ◽  
X. C. XIE
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
External Magnetic Field ◽  
Quantum Wire ◽  
Spin Current ◽  
Orbit Coupling ◽  
Zero Magnetic Field ◽  
Spin Accumulation ◽  
Spin Orbit Coupling ◽  
Spin Orbit ◽  
Two Dimensional

The spin-orbit coupling systems with a zero magnetic field are studied under the equilibrium situation, i.e., without a voltage bias. A persistent spin current is predicted to exist under most circumstances, although the persistent charge current and the spin accumulation are identically zero. In particular, a two-dimensional quantum wire is investigated in detail. Surprisingly, a persistent spin current is found to flow along the confined direction, due to the spin precession accompanied by the particle motion. This provides an interesting example of constant spin flowing without inducing a spin accumulation, contrary to common intuition.

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