Magnetic structures in complex materials revealed by resonant soft X-ray diffraction

The use of high temperature special ceramics which are usually complex materials based on oxides, nitrides, carbides and borides of silicon and aluminum, is critically dependent on their thermomechanical and other physical properties. The investigations of the phase diagrams, crystal structures and microstructural features are essential for better understanding of the macro-properties. Phase diagrams and crystal structures have been studied mainly by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has contributed to this field to a very limited extent; it has been used more extensively in the study of microstructure, phase transformations and lattice defects. Often only TEM can give solutions to numerous problems in the above fields, since the various phases exist in extremely fine grains and subgrain structures; single crystals of appreciable size are often not available. Examples with some of our experimental results from two multicomponent systems are presented here. The standard ion thinning technique was used for the preparation of thin foil samples, which were then investigated with JEOL 200A and Siemens ELMISKOP 102 (for the lattice resolution work) electron microscopes.

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Crystal Structure and Microstructure of Some La2/3-xLi3xTiO3Oxides: An Example of the Complementary Use of Electron Diffraction and Microscopy and Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction To Study Complex Materials

Journal of the American Chemical Society ◽

10.1021/ja038410l ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 126 (11) ◽

pp. 3587-3596 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

Susana García-Martín ◽

Miguel A. Alario-Franco ◽

Helmut Ehrenberg ◽

Juan Rodríguez-Carvajal ◽

Ulises Amador

Keyword(s):

Crystal Structure ◽

Electron Diffraction ◽

Complex Materials ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Structure And Microstructure

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Can dynamical effects in magnetic X-ray diffraction on spiral magnetic structures be observed?

Journal of Physics D Applied Physics ◽

10.1088/0022-3727/28/4a/054 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 28 (4A) ◽

pp. A276-A280 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

V M Matveev ◽

V Manuilov ◽

V V Matveev

Keyword(s):

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Magnetic Structures

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Strain effect on orbital and magnetic structures of Mn ions in epitaxial Nd0.35Sr0.65MnO3/SrTiO3 films using X-ray diffraction and absorption

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-41433-5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Y. C. Shao ◽

N. G. Deshpande ◽

Y. Y. Chin ◽

S. H. Hsieh ◽

C. H. Du ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Strain Effect ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Magnetic Structures

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Composition of Coal Dusts and Their Cytotoxicity on Alveolar Macrophages

Advances in X-ray Analysis ◽

10.1154/s0376030800022989 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 39 ◽

pp. 561-569 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C. Y. Lee ◽

S.L Lee ◽

C. E. Sheehan ◽

Yinghua Wang

Keyword(s):

Alveolar Macrophages ◽

Energy Dispersive Spectrometry ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Rat Lung ◽

Complex Materials ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Wavelength Dispersive Spectrometry ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Minerals And Trace Elements

Coal mine dust is produced from complex materials which consist of organic sedimentary phases, inorganic minerals, and trace elements. The dust varies in its chemical compositions and is capable of causing lung injury when inhaled. The purpose of this study was to perform scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive spectrometry, wavelength dispersive spectrometry and X-ray diffraction analyses of three coal dusts and examine their effects on rat lung alveolar macrophages (AM) in cell culture. The coal dusts were obtained from coal surfaces of anthracite, meager and fat coal mines. AM were harvested by bronchoalveolar lavage from adult male Wistar rats and were cultured in Eagle's medium at 37°C.

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Correlation of Thermo-Elastic Material and Corrosion Behavior of Refractory Castables by In-Situ Measurements

Ceramics ◽

10.3390/ceramics3010011 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 101-113 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wanja Reichert ◽

Jonas Nießen ◽

Peter Leto ◽

Simon Etzold ◽

Eva Kröll ◽

...

Keyword(s):

In Situ Measurements ◽

Fast Fourier Transformation ◽

Complex Materials ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Refractory Castables ◽

Physical Interactions ◽

Mechanical Impulse

Corrosion is one of the most common wear mechanisms of refractories. Corrosive attacks lead to chemical and microstructural changes. Hot corrosion compromises chemical and/or physical interactions. Thus, the process is complex and not yet fully understood. Currently, corrosion is investigated post mortem by means of X-ray diffraction or scanning electron microscopy. These methods have the drawback that some information is lost on cooling. In-situ measurements, however, take measurements within the process. In resonant frequency and damping analysis (RFDA), a sample is excited to vibrate by a mechanical impulse. The vibrating sample emits an acoustic signal. This is recorded with a microphone and evaluated by means of Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT). We measured the change of the frequency of a low cement castable during the corrosion process. Further simplified experiments with less complex materials were done to confirm the results. Distinctive points of the curves could be correlated to specific corrosion phenomena, like melting or infiltration. The applied methods include a first characterization of the material with open porosity, density and in-situ high-temperature (HT)-RFDA measurements as well as a study of the slag behavior.

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