Freeport-McMoRan: Financing an Acquisition

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
David P. Stowell ◽  
Peter Rossmann
Keyword(s):  
Capital Markets ◽  
Credit Ratings ◽  
Investment Banking ◽  
Equity Capital ◽  
Debt Financing ◽  
Investment Banks ◽  
Publicly Traded ◽  
Optimal Capital Structure ◽  
Optimal Capital

Freeport-McMoRan's acquisition of Phelps Dodge created the world's largest publicly traded copper company. JPMorgan and Merrill Lynch advised the acquirer and arranged $17.5 billion in debt financing and $1.5 billion in credit facilities. In addition, these two firms underwrote $5 billion in equity capital through simultaneous offerings of Freeport-McMoRan common shares and mandatory convertible preferred shares. These financings created an optimal capital structure for the company that resulted in stronger credit ratings. The activities of the equity capital markets and sales groups at the underwriting firms are explored and the structure and benefits of mandatory convertible preferred shares is explained.To understand the role of investment banks in advising a large corporation regarding an acquisition and related financings in the capital markets. As part of this, the activities of an investment banking firm's equity capital markets group and their underwriting risks are analyzed. Finally, the structure of a mandatory convertible security is reviewed in terms of benefits to both issuers and investors.

scholarly journals The Commitment Role of Equity Financing

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1232-1260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Fahn ◽  
Valeria Merlo ◽  
Georg Wamser
Keyword(s):  
Capital Structure ◽  
Debt Financing ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Equity Financing ◽  
Bankruptcy Risk ◽  
Optimal Capital Structure ◽  
Tax Shields ◽  
Optimal Capital ◽  
Financing Behavior

Abstract Existing theories of a firm’s optimal capital structure seem to fail in explaining why many healthy and profitable firms rely heavily on equity financing, even though benefits associated with debt (like tax shields) appear to be high and the bankruptcy risk low. This holds in particular for firms that show a strong commitment toward their workforce and are popular among employees. We demonstrate that such financing behavior may be driven by implicit arrangements made between a firm and its managers/employees. Equity financing generally strengthens a firm’s credibility to honor implicit promises. Debt, however, has an adverse effect on the enforceability of these arrangements because too much debt increases the firm’s reneging temptation, as some of the negative consequences of breaking implicit promises can be shifted to creditors. Our analysis provides an explanation for why some firms only use little debt financing. Predictions made by our theory are in line with a number of empirical results, which seem to stay in contrast to existing theories on capital structure.

scholarly journals A Study and Analysis of Investment Banking and Regional Development Among European Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
J. Jose Prabhu
Keyword(s):  
Capital Markets ◽  
Investment Banking ◽  
Secondary Market ◽  
Investment Banks ◽  
Financial Intermediaries ◽  
Individual Investors ◽  
The People ◽  
Capital Financing ◽  
Current Scenario

Investment banks are financial intermediaries that specialize in the sale of securities and the issuance and underwriting of new shares to raise capital financing. Investment banking is a special segment of banking that assists individuals or organizations to raise capital in the main market. In the tea market, new securities are issued and act on behalf of customers, thus playing an important role in the secondary market. Investment banks undertake new debt or equity securities for all types of businesses, support the sale of securities, and facilitate mergers and acquisitions by institutional and individual investors. Investment banking organizations act as intermediaries between investors and capital markets. Investment banks are becoming important in European capital markets due to many factors including the perception of investment banks among investors and the various other functions implemented by investment banks. The research paper aims to show the role of investment banks in the current scenario. This study is descriptive in nature and uses auxiliary data. The study reveals the growth, development, function and role of investment banking in the European economy. The main objective of this investigation is to clarify how investment banks play a role in increasing a country’s resources and economic growth. It analyzes the various functions performed by investment banks. Investment banks connect the people who sell securities with their investors. Investment banks add liquidity to the market. Investment banks promote savings and investment and eliminate capital shortages. Mobilize small, scattered savings in the community so you can invest in productive businesses. He concluded that the role of investment banks in economic development is important.

scholarly journals The Role of Investment Banking in M&A Operations: Empiric Pre and Post Lehman Evidence

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Capizzi ◽  
Renato Giovannini
Keyword(s):  
Investment Banking ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Investment Banks ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Lehman Brothers ◽  
Time Frames ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The role of investment banks in M&A operations is analyzed on the basis of empiric evidence. In particular, to point out the variations in the impact of the certification effect which can be ascribed to investment banks, the relationship between the value created for the shareholders in companies involved in special underwriting operations and the reputation of the banks appointed to act as advisors is examined. The analysis, which uses an original measuring system in order to assess and classify the reputation variable, focuses on transactions that have taken place between listed companies in two time frames, symmetrical to each other, specifically pre and post the Lehman Brothers bankruptcy. The total sample is composed of 229 transactions, divided into 161 and 68 observations, respectively pre and post Lehman. The result is that in the post Lehman period, unlike the preceding time frame, for which no significant empiric evidence is found, the wealth of the shareholders (of both targets and acquirers) is significantly influenced by the reputation of the investment banks which have acted as advisors. This indicates that, subsequent to the shock of the Lehman Brothers collapse, the certifying effect of the investment banks takes on an important role in the shareholders' choice.

scholarly journals How Do the Volume and Maturity of Debt Relate to Investment Efficiency? The Case of Asia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Poursoleiman ◽  
Gholamreza Mansourfar ◽  
Sazali Abidin
Keyword(s):  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Debt Maturity ◽  
Investment Efficiency ◽  
Financial Leverage ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Optimal Capital Structure ◽  
Optimal Capital ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

This study aims to investigate the impact of debt volume and maturity on investment efficiency. It also analyzes the role of debt maturity in the association between debt volume and investment efficiency. The sample consists of 8,741 firm-year observations from 1,301 Asian corporations, covering the period 2007-2017. Financial leverage is employed as a proxy for debt volume as well as short-term debt for debt maturity. The findings reveal that debt volume and short-term debt are inversely related to investment efficiency. It also shows that the negative relationship between financial leverage and investment efficiency is weaker (closer to zero) for firms with higher use of short-term debt than those with lower use of short-term debt. This paper tries out agency and information asymmetry theories and provides practical implications regarding the optimal capital structure for firms headquartered in Asia.

scholarly journals Financing Sources of Exploration Works in the Light of Risk Related to their Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz KUSTRA ◽  
Barbara KOWAL ◽  
Robert RANOSZ
Keyword(s):  
Capital Markets ◽  
Private Equity ◽  
Equity Capital ◽  
Equity Funds ◽  
Private Equity Funds ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Of Risk

The article presents an overview of the determinants of exploration works and the definition of the role of junior mines in those processes. Junior mines, as special purpose vehicles, focus on the stages of exploration and documenting of the deposits, without going into theoperational stage related to the exploitation. Due to their nature, those entities finance their activities with equity capital in the formof share issues on the capital markets, addressing their proprietory securities to investors who accept a high level of risk. The largeststock exchanges on which the exploration companies obtain the required funds have been identified, and the trends that complementcapital raising, concerning the involvement of private equity funds, have been presented.

CORPORATE FINANCING UNDER HETEROGENEOUS BELIEFS

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (04) ◽  
pp. 1750019
Author(s):  
WEINING NIU
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Capital Structure ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Equity Capital ◽  
Heterogeneous Beliefs ◽  
Price Effect ◽  
Corporate Financing ◽  
Optimal Capital Structure ◽  
Price Effects ◽  
Optimal Capital

The paper models firm’s optimal capital structure and stock price effects from the perspective of expectation equilibrium when manager and outside investors have heterogeneous prior and posterior beliefs on firm’s future cash flow. I find that the more optimistic (pessimistic) of outside investors and the more dispersion of beliefs between manager and outside investors, the higher (lower) the issuing price of stocks, the higher (lower) the issuing amount, hence the higher (lower) the proportion of equity capital in capital structure, and a higher positive (negative) stock price effect after security issuance. The numerical simulation also verifies the findings to some extent.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document