Board diversity and performance in a masculine, aged and glocal supply chain: new empirical evidence

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Giulio Calabrese ◽  
Alessandro Manello
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Board Diversity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Automotive Supply Chain ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Automotive Supply

Purpose This study aims to contribute to the debate on the relationship between board diversity and performance, a hot topic for scholars and shareholders. A number of studies have found contrasting impacts of board diversity on firm performance and this paper adds new and original evidence in the context of the automotive supply chain focusing on gender, age and nationality diversity. Design/methodology/approach The authors propose a triple stage empirical analysis. First, the authors use linear models according to different performance indexes for investigating diversity (gender, age and nationality) within the board of directors and executives. Second, the authors investigate the issue of diversity in different contexts such as position in the supply chain, nationality of the owner and family/corporate ownership. Finally, the authors use non-linear models to find a better combination of diversity in terms of gender and nationality for retrieving some managerial implications. Findings First, the authors demonstrate a robust positive effect of women in board representation on firm performance in terms of profitability and firm risk. In the case of, age and nationality the results are more equivocal in particular for the former. Second, the authors depict board diversity in different contexts as follows: positioning in the supply chain, type and nationality of the final owner. Again, gender heterogeneity is more adequate in the complex firm as Tier 1 suppliers, corporate and foreign company. Originality/value The authors focused the analysis on a specific industry, shedding light on the main specificities linked to operating in certain phases of the supply chain, a substantial novelty in this field. The empirical evidence is based on a very large data set containing quantitative and qualitative information on a representative sample of 1,538 firms operating in the Italian automotive supply chain, one of the most relevant in Europe.

scholarly journals Can Lean and Agile organisations within the UK automotive supply chain be distinguished based upon contextual factors?

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Qamar ◽  
Mark Hall
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Resource Dependence ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Resource Dependence Theory ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Survey Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Automotive Supply Chain ◽  
Automotive Supply ◽  
Agile Production

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to robustly establish whether firms are implementing Lean or Agile production in the automotive supply chain (SC) and, by drawing on contingency theory (CT) as our theoretical lens, independently determine whether Lean and Agile firms can be distinguished based upon contextual factors.Design/methodology/approachPrimary quantitative data from 140 firms in the West Midlands (UK) automotive industry were obtained via a constructed survey. Analysis incorporated the use of logistic regressions to calculate the probability of Lean and Agile organisations belonging to different groups amongst the contextual factors investigated.FindingsLean and Agile firms co-exist in the automotive SC and Lean firms were found to be at higher tiers of the SC, while Agile firms were found to be at lower tiers.Originality/valueThe originality of this study lies within the novel methodological attempt used to distinguish Lean and Agile production, based upon the contextual factors investigated. Not only is the importance of CT theoretically approved, but “received wisdom” within SC management is also contested. Extant literature propagates that the automotive SC is comprised of organisations that predominantly adopt Lean production methods, and that in SCs comprised of both Lean and Agile organisations, the firms closer to the customer will adopt more flexible (Agile) practices, while those that operate upstream will adopt more efficient (Lean) practices. The findings from this study have implications for theory and practice, as Lean and Agile firms can be found in the automotive SC without any relationship to the value-adding process. To speculate as to why the findings contest existing views, resource dependence theory and, more specifically, a power perspective, was invoked. The authors provide readers with a new way of thinking concerning complicated SCs and urge that the discipline of SC management adopts a “fourth” SC model, depicting a new Lean and Agile SC configuration.

The impact of institutional voids on risk and performance in base-of-the-pyramid supply chains

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 829-863
Author(s):  
Attique ur Rehman ◽  
Muhammad Shakeel Sadiq Jajja ◽  
Raja Usman Khalid ◽  
Stefan Seuring
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Product Market ◽  
Base Of The Pyramid ◽  
Institutional Voids ◽  
Supply Chain Risk ◽  
Content Type ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Bop Markets ◽  
Supply Chain Risks

PurposeBase-of-the-pyramid (BoP) markets are frequently characterized by institutional voids. However, it remains unclear how institutional voids impact corporate and supply chain risk and performance. This intersection will be analyzed in this paper.Design/methodology/approachThis paper presents a systematic literature review of 94 BoP papers published between 2004 and 2019 in peer-reviewed, English-language journals available on Scopus. Drawing upon established frameworks for examining institutional voids, supply chain risks and BoP performance, frequency, and contingency analyses are conducted. Contingencies are established to provide insights into the associations between different constructs from the selected frameworks.FindingsSupply chain risks are pervasive in the BoP discourse, especially when BoP markets are characterized by institutional voids. The frequency analysis of the constructs suggests that the key supply chain risks discussed in the BoP literature include social risk, credit risk, product market and operating uncertainties, knowledge and skill biases and decision-maker risks due to bounded rationality. The contingency analysis suggests that institutional voids are associated with supply chain risks that affect performance.Research limitations/implicationsA theoretical framework aligning three research streams in the context of BoP calls for future studies to test the causality of highlighted constructs that are significantly associated. The analysis is confined to the constructs that are taken into account based on specific conceptual frameworks.Practical implicationsThe study provides practitioners with a framework to manage supply chain risks in BoP-related firms to enhance firm performance. Managers can use key dimensions of supply chain risk, such as the product market, the input market and operating uncertainties, to evaluate performance in the BoP context.Originality/valueSpecifically, this research has strengthened the inquiry of supply chain risks in the presence of institutional voids that may have an impact on firm performance

Modeling enablers of supply chain quality risk management: a grey-DEMATEL approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 1059-1076
Author(s):  
Anupama Prashar ◽  
Shikha Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Quality Risk Management ◽  
Automotive Supply Chain ◽  
Quality Risk ◽  
Automotive Supply ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to recognize and model the enablers of supply chain quality risk management (SCQRM) through an empirical study in the Indian automotive companies. Design/methodology/approach A systematic literature review was conducted to extract the key enablers of quality management (QM) and risk management in the context of manufacturing supply chains. A grey-based DEMATEL method was employed to identify and model the key enablers of SCQRM. Findings The results of empirical study showed that the effectiveness of QM and risk management systems for automotive supply chain is driven by a set of common enablers that could be employed for developing dedicated SCQRM systems. The common causal factors in the model such as the involvement of top leaders, inter-firm communication and strategic-level alignment between supply chain members on both these issues clearly state that there is a need for a broader policy at an early stage. Practical implications It is crucial for the automotive companies to develop and implement structured systems for SCQRM keeping in view the impact of any unaddressed quality risk on missed production targets, vehicle recalls and safety hazards. Originality/value This study ascertains the key enablers of SCQRM with emblematic focus on automotive industry and identifies if there are commonalities in these enablers.

Linking organizational trust and performance through ambidexterity

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 956-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odette Chams-Anturi ◽  
Maria D. Moreno-Luzon ◽  
Juan P. Escorcia-Caballero
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Organizational Trust ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Organizational Ambidexterity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
And Performance

Purpose The literature provides mixed empirical evidence on the trust–performance relationship. The purpose of this paper is to shed additional light on this relationship, using organizational ambidexterity as an explanatory variable. Design/methodology/approach A structural equation technique was used to examine survey data obtained from 377 Spanish organic agro-food industries. Findings The results obtained provide support to show that organizational ambidexterity has a mediating role in the relationship between organizational trust and firm performance, in the organic agro-food industry. Research limitations/implications This study used a sample taken from only one industry and country. Future research could expand the model to other countries and industries. Practical implications This study suggests that managers could use tools to enhance organizational trust that would help to improve firm performance, given that trust can cause employees to adopt behaviors related to ambidexterity. Therefore, managers can use trust as a mechanism to encourage more stable relationships, increase the transfer of existing knowledge, facilitate experimentation and express ideas to promote organizational ambidexterity, thus benefiting firm performance. Originality/value This research paper offers a new insight into how ambidexterity affects the organizational trust-firm performance relationship. Even though there is growing theoretical importance given to the concepts of trust and ambidexterity, the empirical evidence that demonstrates how both variables are related to firm performance, especially in emerging sectors, is scarce.

An empirical investigation of the relationship between workload and performance

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 2377-2389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Bruggen
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Capacity Decisions ◽  
Quantitative Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Different Levels

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of workload on quantitative and qualitative job performance. Different levels of workload can affect performance of employees, and it is important for firms to assess the effect of this in order to improve capacity decisions. The literature is not entirely clear on the relationship and calls for further empirical evidence on that matter. Design/methodology/approach – The study uses field data from a mid-sized grocery supplier. In total, 9,210 observations of 27 employees over three years and eight months are analyzed with different statistical models. Employees all work in the same department so that it is a very homogenous data set. Findings – Results show that there is an inverted U-shape relationship between workload and performance. Output of employees increases up to a certain point after which it decreases. Similarly, the quality of performance is highest under moderate levels of workload, which provides evidence against a tradeoff between quantity and quality. Research limitations/implications – The study uses a unique set of data from one firm, which limits generalizability, but adds to an important stream of literature. Practical implications – Results show how workload has a direct effect on performance. Consequently, firms need to balance the workload in order to be able to maximize the performance of their employees. Originality/value – Despite the relevance of the topic, there is hardly any empirical evidence on the relationship between workload and performance. This study thus contributes to the management literature and provides significant evidence on an inverted U-shape between workload and quantitative performance.

Firm capabilities and performance: a necessary condition analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Dinh Tho
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Marketing Capability ◽  
Firm Capabilities ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Operations Capabilities

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to employ a necessary condition analysis (NCA) approach to investigate the level of necessity of two conditions, marketing capability, including responsiveness to customers, responsiveness to competitors, responsiveness to the macro environment, and business relationship quality, and innovativeness capability for firm performance. Design/methodology/approach Using a survey data set collected from a sample of 311 Vietnamese firms, this study explored the levels of necessity of the components of marketing capability and innovativeness capability by NCA. The study also tested the net effects of these components on firm performance by multiple regression analysis (MRA). Findings The MRA results reveal that except for responsiveness to the macro environment, other components of marketing capability and innovativeness capability have positive effects on firm performance. Further, firm size affects performance but industry types do not. The NCA results indicate that these conditions exhibit different levels of necessity for the occurrence of firm performance. Research limitations/implications A major limitation of this study is the exploration of necessary levels of only two key firm capabilities, i.e., marketing and innovativeness. Several other capabilities, such as, research and development, operations capabilities, and other market-based assets should be investigated in future research. Practical implications The findings suggest that firms should pay attention not only to the net effects (β weights) but also to the levels of necessity of firm capabilities for their target outcome. Originality/value This study is among first studies investigating the levels of necessity of marketing capability and innovativeness capability for firm performance.

Contextual factors and lean production implementation in the Brazilian automotive supply chain

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuliano Almeida Marodin ◽  
Alejandro Germán Frank ◽  
Guilherme Luz Tortorella ◽  
Tarcisio Abreu Saurin
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Lean Production ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Context Factors ◽  
Lean Practices ◽  
Automotive Supply Chain ◽  
Production Practices ◽  
Second Tier ◽  
Automotive Supply ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This paper aims to understand the patterns of lean production implementation, and the relationship between three context factors (i.e. firm size, positions within the supply chain and time length of the lean initiative) and the adoption of lean production practices in firms of the automotive supply chain in Brazil. Design/methodology/approach The authors collected data from 65 companies of the automotive supply chain in Brazil. For data analysis, first a cluster analysis was performed to identify common characteristics in the companies’ context factors when considering patterns of lean implementation. Then, multivariate analysis of variance was used to investigate the differences between the context factors and the degree of use of lean practices. Findings High lean adopters had better performance than low lean adopters in terms of lead time, inventory and turnover. Firms at the first and second tier of the automotive supply chain were “leaner” than firms at the third tier. Large-sized firms were more likely to have a higher degree of use of lean practices than medium and smaller ones. Some, but not all, lean practices followed these patterns. Results also showed that some lean practices were most commonly adopted at the beginning of the lean journey, whereas others took more time to mature. Originality/value This paper demonstrated how lean practices were implemented at different positions within the supply chain, and the patterns of implementation often followed. It also considers lean in the context of developing countries such as Brazil.

scholarly journals How can cross-functional integration support the development of resilience capabilities? The case of collaboration in the automotive industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 789-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tayanne Ferraz da Silva Poberschnigg ◽  
Marcio Lopes Pimenta ◽  
Per Hilletofth
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Functional Integration ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Supply Chain Resilience ◽  
Automotive Supply Chain ◽  
Functional Teams ◽  
Automotive Supply ◽  
Resilience Capabilities

Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyze cross-functional integration processes and their respective impacts on resilience capabilities, with particular emphasis on collaboration, in an automotive supply chain. Design/methodology/approach A case study was conducted in an automotive supply chain through 18 in-depth interviews with managers from six different companies, namely, two suppliers, one focal manufacturer and three customers. The automotive industry is one of the most vital industries in the Brazilian economy and is still recovering from the 2015 financial crisis, making it an interesting case for this research. Findings The findings reveal several links between resilience and cross-functional integration literatures through the analysis of three basic categories, namely, disruptions (lack of product, interruption of production, delivery delay, organizational bankruptcy and sales loss); capabilities (redundancy, flexibility, adaptability, collaboration, visibility and agility); and integration factors (cross-functional meetings, adequate communication, longevity of relationships, cross-functional training, recognition of interdependence and the consideration given to informal groups). Practical implications This research addresses several implications for practitioners. Managers should pay attention to the cross-functional teams, which may provide internal collaboration, and hence collaboration in the supply chain. Originality/value This paper suggests a new concept for the collaboration capability. According to the results, collaboration is the capability of dealing with formal and informal factors to integrate both the internal functions and supply chain members, which can provide visibility, agility and adaptability toward supply chain resilience.

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