scholarly journals North American entrepreneurs in Cuba: which entry mode and government affiliation strategy?

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Vila-Lopez ◽  
Graham White
Keyword(s):  
Entry Mode ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Entry Modes ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
And Performance

PurposeTo have success in newly liberalized markets, firms must have a plan of action before resources are committed. What some companies do not realize is that their own entrepreneurial orientation (EO) will dictate their strategies, and performance outcomes, in both their home market and abroad. In order to maximize firm performance in newly liberalized markets (such as Cuba), firms must be able to objectively gauge their own EO. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachWithin this framework, the present paper will attempt to effectively measure the EO of decision-making managers from US companies that have an interest in entering the Cuban market. A final sample of 81 US managers accepted to collaborate. They were then split into two groups (high and low EO; with 41 and 35 managers in each group, respectively) and compared regarding three variables: entry mode strategy, government affiliation strategy, and performance outcomes.FindingsThe results show that EO is related with performance, but not with the two proposed variables of entry mode and government affiliation.Originality/valueIn sum, the added value of the paper is to link US managers’ strategies and performance in a newly liberalized market which has been seldom studied: Cuba. The fields of entry mode strategies and government affiliation decisions in this newly liberalized market remain poorly investigated. Not all firms managed by highly entrepreneurial-orientated managers will decide to enter foreign markets and, on the contrary, domestic firms which are not interested in international markets can be run by highly entrepreneurial managers. This is due, in part, to the fact that internationalization can be driven by other factors. Therefore, this paper will attempt to demonstrate if certain entry modes will perform better than others when the foreign market is a newly liberalized economy. Additionally, the importance, and effect, of governmental relationships on performance outcomes will be tested within the research.

International strategy for SMEs: criteria for foreign markets and entry modes selection

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Musso ◽  
Barbara Francioni
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Mode Selection ◽  
Entry Mode ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
International Strategy ◽  
Entry Modes ◽  
Market Selection ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Strong Relation

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the internationalization of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in regard to the international market selection (IMS) and entry mode selection (EMS) processes. Design/methodology/approach – To achieve this, an examination of the degree of systematic/active behaviour during IMS and EMS on a sample of 221 SMEs was conducted. Moreover, the paper sought to comprehend whether SMEs select foreign market and entry mode in a separate and sequential way, and whether there is a relationship between the sequentiality of IMS and EMS, on one side, and SME behaviour during these two processes, on the other side. Findings – Results revealed that SMEs have a non-systematic and passive behaviour during IMS and EMS, respectively. Moreover, a high predilection in performing the two processes contemporaneously or without any logic was found. Finally, a strong relation between sequentiality of IMS and EMS and degree of systematic and active behaviour during the processes existed. Originality/value – In this study, using a sample of SMEs located in a region of Italy, SME behaviour in the IMS and entry mode choice processes was tested.

scholarly journals International new ventures market expansion through collaborative entry modes

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 890-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pushyarag N. Puthusserry ◽  
Zaheer Khan ◽  
Peter Rodgers
Keyword(s):  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
Entry Mode ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
International New Ventures ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Entry Modes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Market Expansion ◽  
The Uk

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the role that different collaborative entry modes play in how international new ventures (INVs) expand into international markets.Design/methodology/approachThe paper’s arguments are based on the INVs and social network literatures. In order to investigate the entry modes adopted by British and Indian small and medium information and communication technology (ICT) firms into each other’s markets, the paper outlines the results of qualitative semi-structured interviews with the key decision makers of ten British and ten Indian ICT firms.FindingsThe findings contribute to the relatively under-researched area of how INVs enter foreign markets through collaborative entry mode. The findings suggest that INVs utilize both equity and non-equity modes of collaboration to expand their international operations. The findings also indicate that financial and non-financial resources always limit the market expansion and internationalization of such companies. Against this background, the INVs rely on building collaboration as one of the safest methods for foreign market expansion and successful internationalization. The collaborative entry mode is enhanced by entrepreneurs’ prior experience, social ties and knowledge of the foreign market.Research limitations/implicationsSet against the backdrop of an ever-increasing trend of internationalization of small and medium enterprises (SMEs), the paper offers important implications for understanding the conditions and factors behind the choice of collaborative and non-collaborative entry modes by INVs in particular and SMEs more broadly.Originality/valueThe paper is one of the few studies that have examined the role of collaborative entry modes choice adopted by INVs from two of the largest economies – the UK and India.

Market entry strategies in a high-tech successive generations market: a case study of three semiconductor firms with different entry modes

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 1751-1766
Author(s):  
Changhyun Park
Keyword(s):  
Market Entry ◽  
Entry Mode ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Entry Modes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entry Strategies ◽  
Entry Timing ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Successive Generations

Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore market entry strategies in a high-tech successive generations (HTSGs) market, by investigating entry mode via entry timing and path differentiation and the performance outcomes of entry mode. Design/methodology/approach The methodology of building a theory from a longitudinal case study is adopted by using useful cases in a HTSGs market after constructing an integrated research framework to explore market entry mode. Different entry modes were investigated by studying entry timing and migration path of three firms’ case in logic semiconductor market. In addition, performance outcomes of different entry modes were measured and correlated with each other. Findings The results identified three major entry modes suitable for a HTSGs market. The three firms differentiated their entry modes by exploiting different entry timings from the earliest to the last and different migration paths including switching, leapfrogging and new entrance path to enter a market. First mover advantage also exists in a HTSGs market, and it was found uniquely that the financial performance denoted by entry mode outcomes was correlated with technological knowledge. Research limitations/implications This study extends the theory of extant entry strategy from general consumer or industrial market to HTSGs market, in which intense competition exits and technological innovation is important. Moreover, this study verified that the causality between early entry and positive performance was also effective in HTSGs market with a shorter duration of early entry advantage. Practical implications This study has managerial implications for firms to establish market entry strategy in HTSGs market and other markets. To become a product leader, a fast follower or a late follower, firms can differentiate their entry mode by adjusting the entry timing and migration path in the context of market and technology. Originality/value This study examined market entry strategies suitable for HTSGs market based on its unique characteristics and extended relevant theory into HTSGs market. Further, an integrated research framework, which explores the market entry mode, was constructed to facilitate further exploration of entry mode into other markets.

scholarly journals Perceptions of justice and organisational commitment in international mergers and acquisitions

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 582-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuel Gomes ◽  
Kamel Mellahi ◽  
Sunil Sahadev ◽  
Amy Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Market Entry ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Foreign Market Entry ◽  
Organisational Commitment ◽  
Entry Modes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
And Performance

Purpose Although there is substantial and accumulating evidence on the link between market entry modes and performance, evidence regarding their impact on employee’s perceptions and thereby their commitment is scarce. This is more so in mergers and acquisitions (M&As) where employee’s commitment has a significant impact on post-entry performance. The purpose of this paper is to examine the association between perceptions of justice and organisational commitment in cross-border M&As. Design/methodology/approach The authors draw on market entry and M&As’ literature and studies on the link between perception of justice and commitment to develop the hypotheses. The authors test the hypotheses with survey data from a merger of two culturally different partners – British and Japanese. A total of 128 responses were received, out of a sample of 151 non-managerial employees within the firm. Findings The results show a strong association between employees’ perceptions of justice during the merger and commitment to the new organisation. Surprisingly, the results do not support the widely reported interaction effects between different organisational justices and employees’ commitment. Research limitations/implications Obtaining data from a single M&A is a potential limitation of this study. Practical implications The study underscores the importance of post-market entry. The results suggest that particular attention needs to be paid to the way employees of the acquired firm are treated during their interactions with their counterparts. Originality/value The link between market entry and performance is well documented. However, little progress has been made in understanding the antecedents/factors that influence commitment in foreign market entry and in particular cross-border M&As. This study helps close this gap.

Augmenting versus exploiting entry modes in soft services

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 621-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Pla-Barber ◽  
Cristina Villar ◽  
Fidel León-Darder
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Distance ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Entry Mode ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Foreign Market Entry ◽  
Entry Modes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entry Mode Choice ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
High Resource

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to address foreign market entry mode as a way to enhance firm’s knowledge base, providing new insights into traditional explanations of entry mode choice for soft services. The authors offer an alternative knowledge-based approach to assess foreign investment decisions by considering the role of resource-augmenting (direct investment) and resource-exploiting strategies (licenses). In addition, the authors untie the type of experiential knowledge, i.e., host country and mode experience, to analyze its interactions with environmental uncertainties such as cultural distance. Design/methodology/approach – Based on a customized database of the Spanish Global Hotel industry covering practically all foreign entries until 2012, the authors use regression analysis to test the proposal. Findings – The authors demonstrate how in hotel chains (a) cultural distance influences the use of high resource-augmenting modes, due to both the difficulties in transferring the knowledge to third parties but also the imperative need of learning from local markets and (b) how strong brands tend to use resource-augmenting modes in their first steps abroad as a strategy to achieve a minimum level of resource basis to exploit it in a later stage. Originality/value – The findings question the appropriateness of prior assumptions from traditional internationalization process theories for soft services MNE and provide an alternative approach to assess entry mode choice in this context.

Family business internationalisation through a digital entry mode

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuella Plakoyiannaki ◽  
Aikaterini Pavlos Kampouri ◽  
Georgia Stavraki ◽  
Iordanis Kotzaivazoglou
Keyword(s):  
Family Business ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Entry Mode ◽  
Entry Modes ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the emerging literature stream of family business (FB) internationalisation. Its purpose is twofold: first, to provide empirical evidence on the motives, facilitators and obstacles and second, to understand different pathways and entry modes of FB internationalisation. Design/methodology/approach – The authors employ a multiple case study design that draws on various sources of data and examines eight Greek companies in the apiculture sector. Findings – The case study evidence brings to the fore the existence of various motives, facilitators and obstacles to FB internationalisation in Greece. Moreover, it fleshes out the “e-born global” FB that employs a digital entry mode and heavily relies on new technologies in order to identify international opportunities and reduce information asymmetries in foreign markets. Such an entry mode allowed the investigated firms to achieve a speedy entry to foreign countries and compete in geographically distant markets. Practical implications – Understanding FB internationalisation may assist governments in adopting policies for stimulating outward activities of domestic firms. Originality/value – The results provide important insights into how FBs enter foreign markets and use technology in their internationalisation efforts.

Corporate governance practices and firm performance: a configurational analysis across corporate life cycles

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hala M. Amin ◽  
Ehab K.A. Mohamed ◽  
Mostaq M. Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Related Activity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Country Specific

Purpose This study aims to explore corporate governance (CG) practices that can lead to firms’ better performance in different organizational life cycles. The authors propose a configurational approach to explore how a set of CG practices combine in bundles to achieve high performance outcomes for firms across their corporate life cycles. Design/methodology/approach Fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis was used to analyze a sample of data of 21 countries and 9 industries. Data referred to the period of 9 years extending from the year 2005 to the year 2013. Findings This study reveals that there are multiple CG practices that exist through firms that can achieve high firm performance. Moreover, CG practices combine in different ways for firms in their growth, maturity and declining stages. Research limitations/implications This study demonstrates the value of using a configurational analytical approach to explore both the firm and country-specific CG practices (together) that engage firms to achieve the desired level of performance across the corporate life cycles. Practical implications The current study draws attention to the policymakers’ need to assess the current level of regulatory and competitive development of their countries and form policy accordingly. The approach used in the current research study not only offers the linkages between CG and performance to managers as incentives to comply with regulation but also to view CG-related activity as a strategic move. Social implications The approach used in the current research study not only offers the linkages between CG and performance to managers as incentives to comply with regulation but also to view CG-related activity as a strategic move. Originality/value This study broadening the focus of CG studies to include a rigorous explanation of the global CG phenomena and to provide effective solutions for the practitioners. Contribution to Impact This study demonstrates the value of using a configurational analytical approach to explore both the firm and country-specific CG practices (together) that engage firms to achieve the desired level of performance across the corporate life cycles.

scholarly journals A network model approach to enhance knowledge sharing for internationalization readiness of SMEs

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Domitilla Magni ◽  
Roberto Chierici ◽  
Monica Fait ◽  
Kelly Lefebvre
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Resource Based View ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Multiple Regression Technique ◽  
Managerial Perspective

PurposeBuilding upon the insights of the resource-based view and internationalization theories, the purpose of this paper is to examine the role networks play in SMEs' readiness for internationalization. By investigating three different types of knowledge sharing, namely economic-setting, market-specific and customer-specific, the study analyzes their effect on SMEs' readiness for internationalization.Design/methodology/approachThe four research hypotheses derived by from the analysis of the literature have been investigated by applying the multiple regression technique. By means of an online survey, 300 valid questionnaires were collected and information from a sample of Italian SMEs belonging to 11 agro-food consortia have been analyzed.FindingsThe results suggest that SMEs' readiness for internationalization could be supported by sharing customer-specific, market-specific and economic-setting knowledge with other firms operating within the same agro-food consortium. Additionally, data analysis highlights a negative relation between the risk perception in the process and readiness for internationalization, suggesting the importance of knowledge sharing in reducing the criticality issues of being a newcomer entering international markets.Originality/valueFrom a theoretical perspective, this study aims to fill the gap in knowledge management and international relationship marketing literature. Since proposes a combination of different kinds of knowledge that contribute to reducing the criticalities SMEs must face by identifying useful information to be conveyed within the network. From a managerial perspective, the study provides useful insights for the agro-food sector, highlighting how experiential and network knowledge constitutes a pre-condition for managing internationalization complexity and discovering opportunities on foreign markets.

An empirical investigation of buyer–supplier relationship typologies and their behavioral and performance outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Li ◽  
Linlin Chai ◽  
Chanchai Tangpong ◽  
Michelle Hong ◽  
Rodney D. Traub
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measures ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Behavioral Dynamics ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Supplier Relationship

Purpose This study aims to examine empirically the existence of four classical and four emerging buyer–supplier relationship (BSR) types and how they differ in terms of behavioral dynamics and performance measures. Design/methodology/approach This study uses an online survey to collect data from 371 purchasing managers in the USA. Findings A cluster analysis statistically supports the existence of five of these eight BSR types, including strategic/bilateral partnership, market/discrete, supplier-led collaboration, captive supplier/buyer dominant and captive buyer/supplier dominant BSRs. Further, ANOVA tests show that these five BSRs differ in terms of behavioral outcomes and performance measures. Research limitations/implications This study is based on a cross-sectional survey so it cannot examine how these BSR types may evolve over time, and it is not suitable to examine some rare types of BSRs. In addition, this study does not consider contextual factors that may moderate the influence of BSR types on the behavioral dynamics and performance measures. Practical implications Managers should consider the potential to be able to develop and enhance a strategic/bilateral relationship with their supply chain partners, which in at least some circumstances can lead to superior performance results. Similar observations can be made with respect to supplier-led and, to a lesser degree, buyer-led collaboration. Originality/value Most existing research of the BSR types is largely a product of theoretical classifications, and there is also a lack of research of their performance implications. This study fills these gaps in the literature.

Shared services: configurations, dynamics and performance

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Richter
Keyword(s):  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Shared Services ◽  
Senior Executives ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Configurational Approach ◽  
Operational Capabilities ◽  
Shared Service ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Corporate Support ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the configurations of shared service center (SSC) characteristics, their performance implications and the dynamics of SSC configurations during their implementation.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses the capability-based view and configurational approach to suggest a model that explains performance outcomes of shared service configurations. Survey data are analyzed with a cluster analysis to examine shared service configurations in distinct stages of implementation. Moreover, a lifecycle framework of shared service configurations is conceptualized.FindingsThis study considers shared service configurations as operational capabilities to run corporate support activities. The purpose is to examine the configurations of those capabilities, their performance implications and their dynamics during the shared service implementation.Practical implicationsThe findings help senior executives to effectively implement and transform shared services when deciding to renew corporates' support activities.Originality/valueThis study is one of the first that conceptually and empirically explores shared service configurations, performance and configurational dynamics.

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