Simulation of effect of counterface roughness on the friction transfer and wear of PTFE sliding against steel

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 1086-1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Xie ◽  
Junjie Lai ◽  
Huaping Yang
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Dynamic Process ◽  
Friction Pair ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Particle Flow Code ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Particle Layer ◽  
Friction Transfer ◽  
Counterface Roughness

Purpose This paper aims to simulate the effect of counterface roughness on the friction transfer and wear of the polymer material sliding against steel. Design/methodology/approach The dynamic process of friction transfer and wear of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) sliding against steel 45 was simulated by the software of particle flow code in two dimensions and a discrete element method. The effect of the counterface roughness was considered in the simulation. The definitions of the transferred particle and worn particle were given. Findings The simulation results showed that a transferred particle layer was formed on the surface of steel 45 during friction. The wear rate of PTFE can be effectively reduced by the formation of the transferred particle layer. The formation and stability of this particle layer is certainly affected by the counterface roughness (Rz). In this paper, the transferred particle numbers increased with Rz increase. And so did the worn particle numbers. However, there was little effect of Rz on the wear rate of PTFE. Originality/value The dynamic process of the friction transfer and wear of the PTFE/ steel 45 friction pair was reproduced at the micro-level. Then, the transfer and wear were quantitatively exhibited. The relations between the transfer or wear and counterface roughness was simulated and discussed. It will be meaningful for the optimization and effective control of friction and wear of polymer/metal sliding system.

Experimental study on the effect of load and rotation speed on dry sliding of silicon nitride

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhishuang Wang ◽  
Songhua Li ◽  
Jian Sun ◽  
Junhai Wang ◽  
Yonghua Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Wear Mechanism ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Friction Pair ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of load and rotation speed on dry sliding of silicon nitride, including a series of tribological behaviors (friction coefficient, wear rate, temperature rise, etc.) and wear mechanism. Through the analysis of the above characteristics, the influence law of load and speed on them and the internal relationship between them are determined, and then the best comprehensive performance parameters of silicon nitride full-ceramic spherical plain bearings in dry sliding are predicted, which can provide guidance for the operation condition of silicon nitride full-ceramic spherical plain bearings in dry sliding. Design/methodology/approach The experimental study of different loads and rotation speeds under dry friction conditions was carried out by the using ball-disk sliding test method. Findings With the increase of load, the friction coefficient of silicon nitride friction pair and the wear rate of silicon nitride ball decrease continuously. With the increase of rotation speed, the friction coefficient of silicon nitride friction pair first increases and then decreases, and the wear of silicon nitride ball first increases and then decreases. With the increase of load and rotation speed, the wear mechanism eventually changes to adhesive wear. Originality/value Because of the low timeliness and inefficiency of bearing experiments, this work adopts a simple ball-disk model to comprehensively explore the influence rules of different conditions, which provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent practical application of silicon nitride full-ceramic spherical plain bearings.

The improvement of XD-MSM friction tester based on Labview

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-180
Author(s):  
Guimei Wang ◽  
Xiaomei Li
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Friction Pair ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Friction Test ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Real Time Detection ◽  
Brake Lining

Purpose With the widespread use and development of automobile, much attention has been paid to its security issues. So to ensure the driving safety, the automobile must be equipped with good braking performance. In the process of braking, the friction from friction pair causes continuous wear and tear of the surface of brake lining and increases the gap between break pairs, until the lining is not being used (Belhocinea et al., 2014); thus, it is very important to detect the lining wear rate. Design/methodology/approach This paper designed the automobile brake friction test wear rate detection system based on Labview. Findings Through the detect data, we find that the automobile brake lining wear rate detection system has higher detect accuracy, in the process of detection, the brake lining without the defects such as cracks and bulges, which shall effect the normal use, the lining has no remarkable scratch to disk friction surface, can completed meet the requirements of users. Originality/value The automobile brake friction test wear rate detecting system adopts the components of USB-9211 DAQ, optoNCDT1700 non-contract high accuracy displacement sensor, in addition the Labview software to complete the functions such as lining wear rate real time detection, data multichannel real time acquisition, display, and storage record, etc., and uses LabSQL to import the detecting data to Microsoft Access database, which can satisfy the demands of various customers. Moreover, the wear rate real time detection can reflect the lining’s wear regulation of different manufacturers and different material and provide a reliable basis for selecting the appropriate lining material and predicting the lining’s lifetime.

Study on high-temperature wear and mechanism of Al-Si/graphite composites prepared by the die-casting process

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (10) ◽  
pp. 1153-1158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yafei Deng ◽  
Xiaotao Pan ◽  
Guoxun Zeng ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Sinong Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Die Casting ◽  
Casting Machine ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Matrix Alloy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Matrix

Purpose This paper aims to improve the tribological properties of aluminum alloys and reduce their wear rate. Design/methodology/approach Carbon is placed in the model at room temperature, pour 680°C of molten aluminum into the pressure chamber, and then pressed it into the mold containing carbon felt through a die casting machine, and waited for it to cool, which used an injection pressure of 52.8 MPa and held the same pressure for 15 s. Findings The result indicated that the mechanical properties of matrix and composite are similar, and the compressive strength of the composite is only 95% of the matrix alloy. However, the composite showed a low friction coefficient, the friction coefficient of Gr/Al composite is only 0.15, which just is two-third than that of the matrix alloy. Similarly, the wear rate of the composite is less than 4% of the matrix. In addition, the composite can avoid severe wear before 200°C, but the matrix alloy only 100°C. Originality/value This material has excellent friction properties and is able to maintain this excellent performance at high temperatures. Peer review The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-10-2019-0454/

Management of competition among sellers and its performance implications for business-to-business electronic platforms

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoling Li ◽  
Xingyao Ren ◽  
Xu Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Time Windows ◽  
Customer Relationship ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Marketing Tactics ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Term Performance

Purpose – This paper aimed to analyze the short- and long-term effects of the breadth and depth of seller competition on the performance of platform companies, and investigated the underlying mechanisms of customers’ two-sided marketing tactics on the structure of the competition between sellers. Design/methodology/approach – A longitudinal research design was adopted by gathering daily market objective data on e-commerce platforms for 250 days, and the dynamic evolution effects was analyzed by using a vector autoregression model which compared the differences between the short- and long-term effectiveness of different customer relationship management (CRM) strategies. Findings – The breadth of competition amongst sellers improves the performance of platforms, whilst the depth of competition among sellers has a positive effect on the short-term performance. However, it has a negative effect on the long-term performance of their platforms. In both the short and long terms, advertising tactics that attract new buyers contribute more to increases in the breadth of seller competition than those that attract existing buyers do. Subsidies for new sellers decrease the depth of seller competition more than those for old sellers. Research limitations/implications – Further research could be undertaken to investigate the validity of marketing tactics other than advertising tactics, and thus expand the time windows of the available data. Practical implications – It is imperative for platform companies to implement effective control over seller competition to balance the interests of the sellers and of themselves. Originality/value – The dyadic paradigm of CRM research has been extended by considering the perspective of the electronic platform company, how the tactics of exploitation and exploration of two-sided customers impact upon seller competitive structures have been delved into and why new customers have a unique value to platform companies has been identified.

Ethical consumers' brand avoidance

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Rindell ◽  
Tore Strandvik ◽  
Kristoffer Wilén
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ethical Concerns ◽  
Ethical Consumers ◽  
Consumer Values ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore ethical consumers' brand avoidance. The study contributes to brand-avoidance research by exploring what role consumers' ethical concerns play in their brand avoidance. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative approach is adopted by interviewing 15 active members of organizations that represent ethical concerns for the well-being of animals, the environment and humans. Findings – The study indicates that consumers with a strong value-based perspective on consumption (such as ethical consumers) may reject brands in two different but interrelated ways. In essence, the study reveals characteristics of brand avoidance that have not been discussed in earlier research, in terms of two dimensions: persistency (persistent vs temporary) and explicitness (explicit vs latent). Practical implications – The study shows the importance of considering the phenomenon of brand avoidance, as it may reveal fundamental challenges in the market. These challenges may relate to consumer values that have not been regarded as important or that have been thought of as relating only to a specific group of consumers. Originality/value – The ethical consumers' views represent new insights into understanding brand avoidance.

Elucidating technology-based social entrepreneurs’ scale and scope perspectives: a study of environmental and organizational variables

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Som Sekhar Bhattacharyya
Keyword(s):  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Research Study ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Social Entrepreneur ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Venture

Purpose The purpose of this paper was to ascertain how social entrepreneurs were required to recognize their new ventures’ scope and scale of operations. The firm boundary was based upon two dimensions, namely, the scope of the offering and its scale. The objective of this research was to ascertain the thinking regarding this of social entrepreneurs engaged through technology-based social entrepreneurship (TBSE). Design/methodology/approach This study conducted an in-depth interview of 26 technology entrepreneurs engaged in social entrepreneurship ventures in India. The interview was carried out based upon a semi-structured open-ended questionnaire. This study undertook thematic and relational content analysis to develop a model of technology-based social entrepreneurs’ venture scoping and scaling. Findings This study found that the antecedent variables were the level of support perceived by social entrepreneur from government and at the industry level. Furthermore, the variables’ entrepreneurial and market orientation of social entrepreneurs were found to be the independent variables. These four variables in turn determined the explorative and exploitative horizon of the technology-based social entrepreneurs. Finally, an interplay of these variables ascertained the perspectives of social entrepreneurs engaged in TBSE regarding the notion of their firm’s scope and scale. Research limitations/implications The theoretical insights developed in this research study provided an integrated theoretical perspective accommodating both environmental perspectives (industry support and government support) and organizational perspectives (entrepreneurial and market aspects). This was in context of TBSE. Practical implications The insights from this research study could provide a robust and comprehensive understanding to social entrepreneurs regarding the strategic thinking towards scale and scope for a technology-based social venture. Originality/value To the best of the author’s knowledge, this study was one of the first theoretical works in TBSE towards scaling versus scoping perspectives.

A dynamic process of different helping behavior: from the extended self-theory perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Ouyang ◽  
Kong Zhou ◽  
Yuan-Fang Zhan ◽  
Wen-Jun Yin
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Process ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Helping Behavior ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Extended Self ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Helping Behaviors ◽  
Moderating Role

PurposeDrawing on the extended self-theory, this study explores the dynamic process through which reactive helping could influence proactive helping through self-investment and investigate the moderating role of task difficulty in affecting this process.Design/methodology/approachThis study, with a sample of 582 diary surveys from 66 employees, used experience sampling techniques to analyze the proposed hypotheses.FindingsThe results revealed that self-investment could mediate the positive relationship between reactive helping and proactive helping. Additionally, task difficulty acts as an essential role in facilitating the process raised by reactive helping. Further examination revealed that the moderated mediation effect in this model was also significant.Practical implicationsManagers should encourage help-seeking and positive responses to requests, especially in groups with difficult tasks, which could build helpers’ extended self at work and increase their proactive helping behaviors at the following episode.Originality/valueAs verifying the dynamic trajectory of reactive helping, this study enriches our understanding of whether and how helping behaviors are likely to grow over time. Besides, it complements current pieces of literature by exploring the potential positive implication of reactive helping with a helper-centric perspective.

A study on tribological behaviour and analysis of ZnO reinforced AA6061 matrix composites fabricated by stir casting route

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakthi Sadhasivam RM ◽  
Ramanathan K. ◽  
Bhuvaneswari B.V. ◽  
Raja R.
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Tribological Behaviour ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Zno Particles ◽  
The Matrix

Purpose The most promising replacements for the industrial applications are particle reinforced metal matrix composites because of their good and combined mechanical properties. Currently, the need of matrix materials for industrial applications is widely satisfied by aluminium alloys. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the tribological behaviour of the zinc oxide (ZnO) particles reinforced AA6061 composites prepared by stir casting route. Design/methodology/approach In this study, AA6061 aluminium alloy matrix reinforced with varying weight percentages (3%, 4.5% and 6%) of ZnO particles, including monolithic AA6061 alloy samples, is cast by the most economical fabrication method, called stir casting. The prepared sample was subjected to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, experimental density measurement by Archimedian principle and theoretical density by rule of mixture and hardness test to investigate mechanical property. The dry sliding wear behaviour of the composites was investigated using pin-on-disc tribometer with various applied loads of 15 and 20 N, with constant sliding velocity and distance. The wear rate, coefficient of friction (COF) and worn surfaces of the composite specimens and their effects were also investigated in this work. Findings XPS results confirm the homogeneous distribution of ZnO microparticles in the Al matrix. The Vickers hardness result reveals that higher ZnO reinforced (6%) sample have 34.4% higher values of HV than the monolithic aluminium sample. The sliding wear tests similarly show that increasing the weight percentage of ZnO particles leads to a reduced wear rate and COF of 30.01% and 26.32% lower than unreinforced alloy for 15 N and 36.35% and 25% for 20 N applied load. From the worn surface morphological studies, it was evidently noticed that ZnO particles dispersed throughout the matrix and it had strong bonding between the reinforcement and the matrix, which significantly reduced the plastic deformation of the surfaces. Originality/value The uniqueness of this work is to use the reinforcement of ZnO particles with AA6061 matrix and preparing by stir casting route and to study and analyse the physical, hardness and tribological behaviour of the composite materials.

Experimental study on the relationship between the friction coefficient and interference in locomotive axle press-fitting

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Wang ◽  
Hanfei Guo ◽  
Jianjun Qiao ◽  
Xiaoxue Liu ◽  
Zhixin Fan
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Friction Pair ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Press Fitting ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Locomotive Wheels

PurposeTo address the lack of data in this field and determine the relationship between the coefficient of friction and the interference between locomotive wheels and axles, this study evaluates the theoretical relationship between the coefficient of friction and the interference under elastic deformation.Design/methodology/approachWhen using numerical analyses to study the mechanical state of the contacting components of the wheels and axle, the interference between the axle parts and the coefficient of friction between the axle parts are two important influencing factors. Currently, as the range of the coefficient of friction between the wheel and axle in interference remains unknown, it is generally considered that the coefficient of friction is only related to the materials of the friction pair; the relationship between the interference and the coefficient of friction is often neglected.FindingsA total of 520 press-fitting experiments were conducted for 130 sets of wheels and axles of the HXD2 locomotive with 4 types of interferences, in order to obtain the relationship between the coefficient of friction between the locomotive wheel and axle and the amount of interference. These results are expected to serve as a reference for selecting the coefficient of friction when designing axle structures with the rolling stock, research on the press-fitting process and evaluations of the fatigue life.Originality/valueThe study provides a basis for the selection of friction coefficient and interference amount in the design of locomotive wheels and axles.

Tribological behavior of AZ91D magnesium alloy composite: effect of hybrid WC – SiO2 nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Fahad ◽  
Bavanish B.
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Az91d Alloy ◽  
Hybrid Particles ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Sliding Speed ◽  
Composite Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Az91d Magnesium Alloy

Purpose Aviation field requires a material with greater tribological characteristics to withstand the critical climate conditions. Hence, it is of paramount importance to enhance the wear resistance of material. AZ91D magnesium alloy is a light weight material used in the aviation field for the construction work. The purpose of this study is to augment the wear properties of AZ91D alloy by reinforcing with hard particles such as tungsten carbide (WC) and silicon dioxide (SiO2). Design/methodology/approach In this work, three types of composites were fabricated, namely, AZ91D – WC, AZ91D – SiO2 and AZ91D – (WC + SiO2) by ball milling method, and the tribological properties were analyzed using pin-on-disc apparatus. Findings Results showed that the hardness of AZ91D alloy was greatly improved due to the reinforcing effects of WC and SiO2 particles. Wear study showed that wear rate of AZ91D alloy and its composites increased with the increase of applied load due to ploughing effect and decreased with the increase of sliding speed owing to the formation of lubricating tribolayer. Further, the AZ91D – (WC + SiO2) composite exhibited the lower wear rate of 0.0017 mm3/m and minimum coefficient of friction of 0.33 at a load of 10 N and a sliding speed of 150 mm/s due to the inclusion of hybrid WC and SiO2 particles. Hence, the proposed AZ91D – (WC + SiO2) composite could be a suitable candidate to be used in the aviation applications. Originality/value This work is original which deals with the effect of hybrid particles, i.e. WC and SiO2 on the wear performance of the AZ91D magnesium alloy composites. The literature review showed that none of the studies focused on the reinforcement of AZ91D alloy by the combination of carbide and metal oxide particles as used in this investigation.

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