Too resilient for anyone’s good

Kybernetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 751-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lance Nizami
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Stimulus ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Detection Thresholds ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Infant Vision ◽  
Efficacious Treatment ◽  
Stimulus Detection ◽  
First Time

Purpose This study aims to examine the observer’s role in “infant psychophysics”. Infant psychophysics was developed because the diagnosis of perceptual deficits should be done as early in a patient’s life as possible, to provide efficacious treatment and thereby reduce potential long-term costs. Infants, however, cannot report their perceptions. Hence, the intensity of a stimulus at which the infant can detect it, the “threshold”, must be inferred from the infant’s behavior, as judged by observers (watchers). But whose abilities are actually being inferred? The answer affects all behavior-based conclusions about infants’ perceptions, including the well-proselytized notion that auditory stimulus-detection thresholds improve rapidly during infancy. Design/methodology/approach In total, 55 years of infant psychophysics is scrutinized, starting with seminal studies in infant vision, followed by the studies that they inspired in infant hearing. Findings The inferred stimulus-detection thresholds are those of the infant-plus-watcher and, more broadly, the entire laboratory. The thresholds are therefore tenuous, because infants’ actions may differ with stimulus intensity; expressiveness may differ between infants; different watchers may judge infants differently; etc. Particularly, the watcher’s ability to “read” the infant may improve with the infant’s age, confounding any interpretation of perceptual maturation. Further, the infant’s gaze duration, an assumed cue to stimulus detection, may lengthen or shorten nonlinearly with infant age. Research limitations/implications Infant psychophysics investigators have neglected the role of the observer, resulting in an accumulation of data that requires substantial re-interpretation. Altogether, infant psychophysics has proven far too resilient for its own good. Originality/value Infant psychophysics is examined for the first time through second-order cybernetics. The approach reveals serious unresolved issues.

scholarly journals Triage: line or nets? Early intervention and the youth justice system

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 147-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Soppitt ◽  
Adele Irving
Keyword(s):  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Youth Justice ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a discussion of the value of early diversion schemes, underpinned by the principles of restorative justice (RJ), for First Time Entrants (FTEs) into the criminal justice system (CJS). Design/methodology/approach – The paper focuses specifically on the findings of a 12-month study into the introduction of “Triage” by one Youth Offending Team (YOT) in the northeast of England. Findings – Re-offending data suggested that Triage is more effective in reducing re-offending than conventional justice practices, due to the restorative nature of the scheme. However, the qualitative data raised a number of issues, particularly relating to problems of “net-widening” and the impact of recording processes on young people's desistance, as well as the role of victim engagement in the process. These issues could undermine the long-term effectiveness of Triage and its successful application within other youth justice contexts. Originality/value – The paper aims to contribute further understanding regarding the impacts of RJ practices on reducing re-offending compared to traditional processes, and in particular, consider the role of implementation issues in the production of outcomes and impacts.

Study shows significant influence of HRD to shape and inspire CSR and sustainability initiatives

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-39
Keyword(s):  
Performance Management ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The World ◽  
Sustainability Initiatives ◽  
Campbell Soup ◽  
Equity And Inclusion

Purpose The authors wrote their study in response to the pressures businesses face today to behave responsibly. More than 90% of the largest 250 MNCs in the world, they said, disclose information about various aspects of their CSR and sustainability. Meanwhile, HRD practices play a significant role in the design and effectiveness of these initiatives. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted an analysis of the contents of CR reports to detect themes. They used a list of the top 100 CSR companies in the 2016 Global CSR Rep Trak 100. Overall, 55 reports were included from 23 large MNCs in 17 industries and 10 countries across Europe, Asia and North America. Household names included BMW, Campbell Soup, Dell, FedEx, Nike, Visa, Sony, Honda, Samsung, LEGO, Air Canada, Hilton Worldwide, and Fujifilm. Findings Initial analysis showed that seven areas of HRD work were the most important in supporting CSR and sustainability agendas. They were (1) Diversity, equity and inclusion. (2) Community engagement. (3) Work-life balance. (4) Employee long-term growth and development. (5) Performance management. (6) Business ethics and ethical culture and (7) Raising CSR awareness. Originality/value The study addressed two fundamental questions: First, what is the role of HRD in CSR and sustainability as portrayed in CR reports? Second, what areas of HRD work are highlighted in CR reports as important in the context of CSR and sustainability?

Sustainable tourism and the role of stakeholders in North Cyprus: a literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiva Ilkhanizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
Content Type ◽  
North Cyprus ◽  
Development Goals

Purpose This paper aims to identify the main stakeholders and the extent of their collaboration in the management of sustainable tourism policy planning practices in North Cyprus. Design/methodology/approach This paper provides a literature review of previous work. Findings This study recommends that the main stakeholder – national government – should actively involve a wider group of stakeholders in a collaborative effort to attain long-term sustainable development goals. Originality/value This is the first study to review the literature on sustainable development and the role of different stakeholders in North Cyprus.

scholarly journals The Competitive Advantage of Nations: origins and journey

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 458-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Huggins ◽  
Hiro Izushi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Cluster Theory ◽  
Unit Of Analysis ◽  
Content Type

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide an understanding of the origins and journey of the fundamental ideas underpinning Michael Porter’s The Competitive Advantage of Nations as a means of assessing its influence. Design/methodology/approach – Drawing on a reflection of the book’s text and associated works by Porter, the paper shows how Porter’s thinking evolved from his earlier writings, as well as how his ideas went through further periods of development following the publication of The Competitive Advantage of Nations. Findings – The paper focuses on the emergence of Porter’s cluster theory and his growing acknowledgement of the role of innovation within processes of economic development. It shows how these concepts have provided a foundation for contemporary economic development practices. Also, the paper highlights how the fundamental concepts of Porter’s text have shifted from a unit of analysis focused on nations to one where subnational regions are the primary analytical unit. Originality/value – The paper concludes by suggesting that the nature of Porter’s conceptual insights is likely to ensure the long-term endurance of the fundamental lessons contained within The Competitive Advantage of Nations.

The effect of task conflict on outsourcers’ long-term orientation toward suppliers: the moderating role of formal control and Chinese guanxi

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuting Li ◽  
Mark H. Haney ◽  
Gukseong Lee ◽  
Mingu Kang ◽  
Changsuk Ko
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Management ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Task Conflict ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Formal Control ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Moderating Role

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the antecedents of manufacturing firms’ long-term orientation towards their suppliers in the context of outsourcing relationships in China. Design/methodology/approach Based on survey data collected from 224 manufacturing firms in China, this study examines the hypothesized relationships. Findings The results show that task conflict has a negative effect on long-term orientation, both Chinese guanxi and formal control are useful governance mechanisms to enhance long-term orientation, and the negative effect of task conflict on the long-term orientation weakens as Chinese guanxi between a manufacturer and its supplier increases. Originality/value This study contributes to a better understanding of conflict management in outsourcing relationships in China.

The role of network relationships in small wineries’ internationalization

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiia Vissak ◽  
Barbara Francioni ◽  
Fabio Musso
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Discussion Section ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wine Tourism ◽  
Considerable Research ◽  
Strategic Plans

Purpose This paper aims to examine the role of tourist-generated and other network relationships in small Italian wineries’ internationalization. Design/methodology/approach It is based on 14 cases of which four are discussed in detail. All 14 cases are summarized in two tables and analyzed in the Discussion section. Findings Most firms did not pre-plan their foreign activities. International wine tourism was a major source for creating the contacts necessary for their internationalization: they created relationships/networks in tourists’ home markets and, as a result, expanded there either through selling directly to tourists or to the importers they recommended. In addition, they relied on contacts created at trade fairs or by friends/relatives. Some internationalization attempts failed, as the firms were passive and lacked long-term strategic plans. Thus, these producers have not fully realized the potential of wine tourists’ contacts and other network relationships in their internationalization. Originality/value It shows how wineries benefited from tourists’ networks and other co-operative relationships and how, as a result, they started exporting, but also which problems they faced. These topics have not received considerable research attention yet.

Expatriate's engagement and burnout: the role of purpose-oriented leadership and cultural intelligence

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavia Cavazotte ◽  
Sylvia Freitas Mello ◽  
Lucia B. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Cultural Intelligence ◽  
Multinational Companies ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThis study analyzes the impact of purpose-oriented leadership and leader cultural intelligence on engagement and burnout among expatriates undertaking long-term corporate assignments, grounded on social psychology frameworks on interpersonal bias.Design/methodology/approachA survey was conducted with corporate expatriates from 21 different nationalities, who work for large multinational companies and were on assignment in 23 distinct countries – including Brazil, China, Japan and the UK Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling was used to evaluate the proposed hypotheses.FindingsResults indicate that leader cultural intelligence is associated with lower burnout and higher engagement among expatriates, and that purpose-oriented leadership is associated with higher expatriate engagement but not with lower burnout.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the field by highlighting specific leader attributes that can foster successful expatriation: cultural intelligence and purpose-oriented leadership. The study adds to knowledge on leader–follower relationships amid national and cultural diversity by pointing to actionable leader qualities that can foster expatriate engagement and prevent his/her burnout.

Long-term unemployment

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 713-727
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Apergis ◽  
Nicholas Apergis
Keyword(s):  
Working Environment ◽  
Employment Relations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Uk ◽  
First Time ◽  
Robustness Check ◽  
Modelling Approach

PurposeThis paper empirically explores the role of skill losses during unemployment behind firms' behaviour in interviewing long-term unemployedDesign/methodology/approachThe analysis makes use of the Work Employment Relations Survey in the UK, while it applies a panel probit modelling approach to estimate the empirical findings.FindingsThe findings document that skill losses during long-term unemployment reduce the likelihood of an interview, while they emphasize the need for certain policies that could compensate for this deterioration of skills. For robustness check, the estimation strategy survives the examination of the same predictors under different types of the working environment.Originality/valueThe original values of the work 1 combines for the first time both duration and technology as predictors of interview probability. Until now, the independent variables were used to test whether an individual has managed to exit unemployment, thus skipping the step of the interview process.

Citing and referencing habits in medicine and social sciences journals in 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Alves dos Santos ◽  
Silvio Peroni ◽  
Marcos Luiz Mucheroni
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Descriptive Representation ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Bibliographic Records

PurposeThis article explores citing and referencing systems in social sciences and medicine articles from different theoretical and practical perspectives, considering bibliographic references as a facet of descriptive representation.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis of citing and referencing elements (i.e. bibliographic references, mentions, quotations and respective in-text reference pointers) identified citing and referencing habits within disciplines under consideration and errors occurring over the long term as stated by previous studies now expanded. Future expected trends of information retrieval from bibliographic metadata was gathered by approaching these referencing elements from the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) entities concepts.FindingsReference styles do not fully accomplish with their role of guiding authors and publishers on providing concise and well-structured bibliographic metadata within bibliographic references. Trends on representative description revision suggest a predicted distancing on the ways information is approached by bibliographic references and bibliographic catalogs adopting FRBR concepts, including the description levels adopted by each of them under the perspective of the FRBR entities concept.Research limitations/implicationsThis study was based on a subset of medicine and social sciences articles published in 2019 and, therefore, it may not be taken as a final and broad coverage. Future studies expanding these approaches to other disciplines and chronological periods are encouraged.Originality/valueBy approaching citing and referencing issues as descriptive representation's facets, findings on this study may encourage further studies that will support information science and computer science on providing tools to become bibliographic metadata description simpler, better structured and more efficient facing the revision of descriptive representation actually in progress.

Expected benefits with using drone food delivery services: its impacts on attitude and behavioral intentions

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinsoo Hwang ◽  
Jinkyung Jenny Kim
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Food Delivery ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Delivery Services ◽  
Expected Benefits ◽  
First Time

Purpose This study aims to propose the effect of five sub-dimensions of the expected benefits, which include compatibility, social influence, convenience, function and emotion on attitude and behavioral intentions. Design/methodology/approach A research model including eight hypotheses was tested using 413 samples collected in South Korea. Findings The data analysis results indicated that the five sub-dimensions of expected benefits aid to enhance attitude, which plays an important role in the formation of behavioral intentions. Originality/value This study was designed to empirically identify the important role of expected benefits in the context of drone food delivery services for the first time.

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