On Token Swapping in Labeled Tree

Author(s):  
Malavika J ◽  
Shijo Scaria ◽  
Indulekha T S
Keyword(s):  
10.37236/1211 ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Droms ◽  
Brigitte Servatius ◽  
Herman Servatius

We expand on Tutte's theory of $3$-blocks for $2$-connected graphs, generalizing it to apply to infinite, locally finite graphs, and giving necessary and sufficient conditions for a labeled tree to be the $3$-block tree of a $2$-connected graph.


Author(s):  
Ming-Yang Kao ◽  
Tak-Wah Lam ◽  
Wing-Kin Sung ◽  
Hing-Fung Ting
Keyword(s):  

Author(s):  
Renshen Wang ◽  
Evangeline F. Y. Young ◽  
Yi Zhu ◽  
Fan Chung Graham ◽  
Ronald Graham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (20) ◽  
pp. 6000-6003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takanori Komatsu ◽  
Risa Ohishi ◽  
Amiu Shino ◽  
Jun Kikuchi

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (01) ◽  
pp. 1850002
Author(s):  
Alexander G. Melnikov

We prove that for any computable successor ordinal of the form [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] limit and [Formula: see text] there exists computable torsion-free abelian group [Formula: see text]TFAG[Formula: see text] that is relatively [Formula: see text] -categorical and not [Formula: see text] -categorical. Equivalently, for any such [Formula: see text] there exists a computable TFAG whose initial segments are uniformly described by [Formula: see text] infinitary computable formulae up to automorphism (i.e. it has a c.e. uniformly [Formula: see text]-Scott family), and there is no syntactically simpler (c.e.) family of formulae that would capture these orbits. As far as we know, the problem of finding such optimal examples of (relatively) [Formula: see text]-categorical TFAGs for arbitrarily large [Formula: see text] was first raised by Goncharov at least 10 years ago, but it has resisted solution (see e.g. Problem 7.1 in survey [Computable abelian groups, Bull. Symbolic Logic 20(3) (2014) 315–356]). As a byproduct of the proof, we introduce an effective functor that transforms a [Formula: see text]-computable worthy labeled tree (to be defined) into a computable TFAG. We expect that this technical result will find further applications not necessarily related to categoricity questions.


1994 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 233-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
XIAOLONG HAO ◽  
JASON T.L. WANG ◽  
MICHAEL P. BIEBER ◽  
PETER A. NG

Document Processing Systems (DPSs) support office workers to manage information. Document classification is a major function of DPSs. By analyzing a document’s layout and conceptual structures, we present in this paper a sample-based approach to document classification. We represent a document’s layout structure by an ordered labeled tree through a procedure known as nested segmentation and represent the document’s conceptual structure by a set of attribute type pairs. The layout similarities between the document to be classified and sample documents are determined by a previously developed approximate tree matching toolkit. The conceptual similarities between the documents are determined by analyzing their contents and by calculating the degree of conceptual closeness. The document type is identified by computing both the layout and conceptual similarities between the document to be classified and the samples in the document sample base. Some experimental results are presented, which demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed techniques.


2016 ◽  
Vol 128 (20) ◽  
pp. 6104-6107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takanori Komatsu ◽  
Risa Ohishi ◽  
Amiu Shino ◽  
Jun Kikuchi

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ehrenfeucht ◽  
G. Rozenberg
Keyword(s):  

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