On Line Diagnosis of Gas Turbines using Probabilistic and Qualitative Reasoning

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Flores-Loredo ◽  
P.H. Ibarguengoytia ◽  
E.F. Morales
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Qualitative Reasoning ◽  
On Line

Experimental Development of On-Line Flame Transfer Function Measurements for Fielded Gas Turbines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Austin Matthews ◽  
Anna Cobb ◽  
Subodh Adhikari ◽  
David Wu ◽  
Tim Lieuwen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Function ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Experimental Development ◽  
On Line

Abstract Understanding thermoacoustic instabilities is essential for the reliable operation of gas turbine engines. To complicate this understanding, the extreme sensitivity of gas turbine combustors can lead to instability characteristics that differ across a fleet. The capability to monitor flame transfer functions in fielded engines would provide valuable data to improve this understanding and aid in gas turbine operability from R&D to field tuning. This paper presents a new experimental facility used to analyze performance of full-scale gas turbine fuel injector hardware at elevated pressure and temperature. It features a liquid cooled, fiber-coupled probe that provides direct optical access to the heat release zone for high-speed chemiluminescence measurements. The probe was designed with fielded applications in mind. In addition, the combustion chamber includes an acoustic sensor array and a large objective window for verification of the probe using high-speed chemiluminescence imaging. This work experimentally demonstrates the new setup under scaled engine conditions, with a focus on operational zones that yield interesting acoustic tones. Results include a demonstration of the probe, preliminary analysis of acoustic and high speed chemiluminescence data, and high speed chemiluminescence imaging. The novelty of this paper is the deployment of a new test platform that incorporates full-scale engine hardware and provides the ability to directly compare acoustic and heat release response in a high-temperature, high-pressure environment to determine the flame transfer functions. This work is a stepping-stone towards the development of an on-line flame transfer function measurement technique for production engines in the field.

Optimum stage design in axial-flow gas turbines

2002 ◽  
Vol 216 (6) ◽  
pp. 433-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
K V J Rao ◽  
S Kolla ◽  
Ch Penchalayya ◽  
M Ananda Rao ◽  
J Srinivas
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Axial Flow ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Multiple Objective ◽  
Stage Design ◽  
Effective Dimensions ◽  
On Line ◽  
Turbine Design ◽  
Root Stress

This paper proposes the formulation and solution procedures in the stage optimization of the effective dimensions of an axial-flow gas turbine. Increasing the stage efficiency and minimizing the overall mass of components per stage are the common objectives in gas turbine design. This multiple objective function, with important constraints like natural frequency limits, root stress values, and tip deflection in blades, constitutes the overall optimization problem. The problem is solved by using a modified nonlinear simplex method with a built-in user interactive program that helps in on-line modifications of parameters other than variables in the problem. Results are presented with single objective and multiple objective criteria, including sensitivity analyses about the optimum point.

On-line Monitoring of Gas Turbines to Improve Their Availability, Reliability, and Performance Using Both Process and Vibration Data

2012 ◽  
pp. 334-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama Ashour ◽  
Abdurrahman Khalidi ◽  
Ever Fadlun ◽  
Nicola Giannini ◽  
Marco Pieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Vibration Data ◽  
On Line ◽  
And Performance

An Automated Method for the Continuous Determination of Total Sodium in Fuel Oil

1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. P. Giering
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Reliable Measurement ◽  
Continuous Analysis ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Fuel Oils ◽  
On Line ◽  
Total Sodium ◽  
Continuous Determination

Fuel oils are frequently contaminated with sodium salts. Users of gas turbines are concerned with the level of sodium in fuel because of the deleterious effects to the turbine. Until recently, on-line continuous methods of analysis did not reliably measure the total sodium in a given fuel. A method is described for the continuous analysis of total sodium present in fuel oils regardless of its chemical form. A small amount of surfactant, “Liquid G” is added to the fuel, and the total sodium in the resulltant solution is determined by flame photometry. The method described provides for the continuous and reliable measurement of sodium in fuel.

On-Line Performance Evaluation of CHP Plant With Cooled Gas Turbine Supported by Off-Line Analysis Results

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Chmielniak ◽  
Wojciech Kosman ◽  
Gerard Kosman
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Health State ◽  
Diagnostic Analysis ◽  
Additional Input ◽  
On Line ◽  
Diagnostic Mode ◽  
Line Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Investigations

This paper presents a methodology of diagnostic investigations for gas turbines. The key feature is that the analysis is carried out in two modes: off-line and on-line. The first mode is performed periodically. It involves detailed measurements. Values obtained from measurements create the input data for further analysis. Health state of a gas turbine is then evaluated. The evaluation bases on calculation of several health state parameters. The on-line diagnostic mode uses these parameters as a reference state. The usual lack of measurements available in the on-line investigations creates the need for additional input data for the analysis. Therefore diagnostic investigations are supported by the results from the off-line mode. One of the main problems to be solved in diagnostic analysis is the appropriate modeling of gas turbine operation. An approach presented here regards the operation in various conditions, meaning also off-design operation.

Design of Fast and Reliable Steam Surface Condensers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranga Nadig
Keyword(s):  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Surface Condenser ◽  
Combined Cycle Plant ◽  
Startup Time ◽  
On Line ◽  
To Come

Abstract Power plants operating in cyclic mode, standby mode or as back up to solar and wind generating assets are required to come on line on short notice. Simple cycle power plants employing gas turbines are being designed to come on line within 10–15 minutes. Combined cycle plants with heat recovery steam generators and steam turbines take longer to come on line. The components of a combined cycle plant, such as the HRSG, steam turbine, steam surface condenser, cooling tower, circulating water pumps and condensate pumps, are being designed to operate in unison and come on line expeditiously. Major components, such as the HRSG, steam turbine and associated steam piping, dictate how fast the combined cycle plant can come on line. The temperature ramp rates are the prime drivers that govern the startup time. Steam surface condenser and associated auxiliaries impact the startup time to a lesser extent. This paper discusses the design features that could be included in the steam surface condenser and associated auxiliaries to permit quick startup and reliable operation. Additional design features that could be implemented to withstand the demanding needs of cyclic operation are highlighted.

Crude Oil Burning Experience in MS5001P Gas Turbines

1984 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 812-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Bunz ◽  
G. N. Ziady ◽  
H. vonE. Doering ◽  
R. J. Radice
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Wash Water ◽  
Eastern Province ◽  
Turbine Performance ◽  
Purification System ◽  
On Line ◽  
Cleaning Methods ◽  
The Impact

At Qaisumah, Saudi Arabia, there are four GE MS5001P Gas Turbines operated by the Saudi Consolidated Electric Company in the Eastern Province (SCECO East). The Power Plant is not connected to the main SCECO grid and experiences near-capacity peak load demands in the summer months. Its remoteness and proximity to the Trans-Arabian Pipeline (TAPLINE) dictates the burning of Light Saudi Arabian Crude Oil which is desalted by centrifugal purification without the addition of wash water. Eliminating the need for wash water is important because of the scarcity of water at this site. Power loss is controlled and shutdowns minimized during the critical summer months by removing the ash accumulation on the turbine components by on-line nutshell cleaning. This paper describes the first application of this waterless (dry centrifuge) fuel purification system and the impact of various turbine cleaning methods (particularly on-line nutshelling) on turbine performance, availability, and maintenance.

scholarly journals Industrial Gas Turbine Performance: Compressor Fouling and On-Line Washing

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uyioghosa Igie ◽  
Pericles Pilidis ◽  
Dimitrios Fouflias ◽  
Kenneth Ramsden ◽  
Panagiotis Laskaridis
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Compressor Cascade ◽  
Compressor Blades ◽  
Turbine Performance ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
On Line ◽  
The Impact

Industrial gas turbines are susceptible to compressor fouling, which is the deposition and accretion of airborne particles or contaminants on the compressor blades. This paper demonstrates the blade aerodynamic effects of fouling through experimental compressor cascade tests and the accompanied engine performance degradation using turbomatch, an in-house gas turbine performance software. Similarly, on-line compressor washing is implemented taking into account typical operating conditions comparable with industry high pressure washing. The fouling study shows the changes in the individual stage maps of the compressor in this condition, the impact of degradation during part-load, influence of control variables, and the identification of key parameters to ascertain fouling levels. Applying demineralized water for 10 min, with a liquid-to-air ratio of 0.2%, the aerodynamic performance of the blade is shown to improve, however most of the cleaning effect occurred in the first 5 min. The most effectively washed part of the blade was the pressure side, in which most of the particles deposited during the accelerated fouling. The simulation of fouled and washed engine conditions indicates 30% recovery of the lost power due to washing.

The Use of Marine Gas Turbines in an Amphibious Hovercraft, the USN AALC JEFF(B)

1980 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 892-895
Author(s):  
A. V. Coles
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Power Matching ◽  
Phases Of Development ◽  
On Line ◽  
Air Cushion ◽  
Compressor Performance ◽  
And Control ◽  
Engine Systems ◽  
Advanced Development

The Navy’s air cushion landing craft LC JEFF(B) is one of two full-scale advanced development craft that was developed and is being tested under the Amphibious Assault Landing Craft (AALC) program. The JEFF(B) was designed and built by Bell Aerospace Textron under contract to the Naval Sea Systems Command. The JEFF(B) is powered by six Avco Lycoming TF-40 gas turbines. The engines are coupled together in two sets of three engines each. The loading and control requirements resulting from this configuration, and the associated high-density spray environment, result in some unique capabilities and problems. Initial phases of development and testing of the JEFF(B) have uncovered and solved problems related to control and power matching of coupled engine systems, and to protecting the engines from the deleterious effects of salt-spray ingestion. On-line engine health monitoring systems have been developed to record compressor performance degradation due to salt ingestion.

On Line Fault Detection and Isolation in Gas Turbine Combustion Chambers

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Medina ◽  
Doris Saez ◽  
Roberto Roman
Keyword(s):  
Fault Detection ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Model Identification ◽  
Fault Detection And Isolation ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Base Function ◽  
Swirl Angle ◽  
On Line

This work presents the development of a new model for the exhaust gas temperature based on both basis function expansion and the Brayton cycle. This model is a function of the power generated, ambient temperature, compression rate, and the temperature of each combustion chamber. This last temperature is unknown, but could be estimated. The model basis functions also include the spatial distribution of the combustion chamber and exhaust gases swirl angle surface. Thus, based on the gas path in the turbine, each base function of the model is related to a particular combustion chamber. This is the main assumption that allows solving the fault detection and isolation problem in gas turbines at the level of combustion chambers. As a result of the model identification at every instant, there is a group of coefficients, which are associated to each combustion chamber. From these coefficients, it is possible to generate signals that can be analyzed with statistical techniques and also with wavelets to detect abrupt changes in its behavior.

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