A cost-effective, repeatable method for managing the development of multiple-expert expert systems

Author(s):  
G.A. Mack ◽  
J.F. Brule ◽  
J. Levin
1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
P. J. Hartman

Expert systems are one of the few areas of artificial intelligence which have successfully made the transition from research and development to practical application. The key to fielding a successful expert system is finding the right problem to solve. AI costs, including all the development and testing, are so high that the problems must be very important to justify the effort. This paper develops a systematic way of trying to predict the future. It provides robust decision-making criteria, which can be used to predict the success or failure of proposed expert systems. The methods focus on eliminating obviously unsuitable problems and performing risk assessments and cost evaluations of the program. These assessments include evaluation of need, problem complexity, value, user experience, and the processing speed required. If an application proves feasible, the information generated during the decision phase can be then used to speed the development process.


Author(s):  
Allabergan Babajanov ◽  
Khudoyberdi Abdivaitov

The article describes in detail the ways in which agricultural enterprises operating in irrigated regions, including farms, create automated systems for the development and implementation of internal land management projects, the use of specialized expert systems based on artificial intelligence in assessing projects and their economic efficiency. Geographical information for the internal organization of farmland, in particular, the design of irrigation plots, crop rotations, forest plantations, field paths and irrigation canals, which are key elements in the territorial arrangement of the proposed sowing areas; ways to create such projects with wide application of GIS technologies in a short amount of time at low cost, as well as promptly eliminate deficiencies identified by expert systems. It is explained that the introduction of expert systems based on artificial intelligence into the practice of projecting of land management is more cost-effective than traditional estimation methods.


Author(s):  
Galina G. Kashevarova ◽  
Yuri L. Tonkov ◽  
Igor I. Tonkov

The engineering survey of construction objects is characterized by nonclassical situations in setting tasks. The reasons for this are poor formalizability, complexity of the construction system, non-standard, contradictory description of the situation, the difficulty of accurately measuring controlled quantities, inaccurate performance, etc. Thus, the decision on the technical condition is associated with the solution of the problem with fuzzy initial data, approximate "linguistic" characteristics of the input parameters (for example, structural defects) and with the vagueness of formulations of categories of technical condition. Due to the fact that a person is included in the process of preparing decisions, he can not help but dilute this process with a noticeable share of subjectivity. The introduction of intelligent automation in the form of expert systems in assessing the technical condition of the structures of operated buildings and structures built on the basis of knowledge as a result of summarizing expert assessments represents a transition to a new, higher-quality and cost-effective technological level for survey of construction sites. Perhaps already in the near future, the products of intellectualization of the stages of engineering survey and monitoring of construction sites will be mandatory tools of this field of activity, as an integral part of guaranteeing the reliability of the issued results.


Author(s):  
Lawrence M. Roth

The female reproductive tract may be the site of a wide variety of benign and malignant tumors, as well as non-neoplastic tumor-like conditions, most of which can be diagnosed by light microscopic examination including special stains and more recently immunoperoxidase techniques. Nevertheless there are situations where ultrastructural examination can contribute substantially to an accurate and specific diagnosis. It is my opinion that electron microscopy can be of greatest benefit and is most cost effective when applied in conjunction with other methodologies. Thus, I have developed an approach which has proved useful for me and may have benefit for others. In cases where it is deemed of potential value, glutaraldehyde-fixed material is obtained at the time of frozen section or otherwise at operation. Coordination with the gynecologic oncologist is required in the latter situation. This material is processed and blocked and is available if a future need arises.


Author(s):  
James F. Mancuso

IBM PC compatible computers are widely used in microscopy for applications ranging from control to image acquisition and analysis. The choice of IBM-PC based systems over competing computer platforms can be based on technical merit alone or on a number of factors relating to economics, availability of peripherals, management dictum, or simple personal preference.IBM-PC got a strong “head start” by first dominating clerical, document processing and financial applications. The use of these computers spilled into the laboratory where the DOS based IBM-PC replaced mini-computers. Compared to minicomputer, the PC provided a more for cost-effective platform for applications in numerical analysis, engineering and design, instrument control, image acquisition and image processing. In addition, the sitewide use of a common PC platform could reduce the cost of training and support services relative to cases where many different computer platforms were used. This could be especially true for the microscopists who must use computers in both the laboratory and the office.


2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Alliano ◽  
Kimberly Herriger ◽  
Anthony D. Koutsoftas ◽  
Theresa E. Bartolotta

Abstract Using the iPad tablet for Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) purposes can facilitate many communicative needs, is cost-effective, and is socially acceptable. Many individuals with communication difficulties can use iPad applications (apps) to augment communication, provide an alternative form of communication, or target receptive and expressive language goals. In this paper, we will review a collection of iPad apps that can be used to address a variety of receptive and expressive communication needs. Based on recommendations from Gosnell, Costello, and Shane (2011), we describe the features of 21 apps that can serve as a reference guide for speech-language pathologists. We systematically identified 21 apps that use symbols only, symbols and text-to-speech, and text-to-speech only. We provide descriptions of the purpose of each app, along with the following feature descriptions: speech settings, representation, display, feedback features, rate enhancement, access, motor competencies, and cost. In this review, we describe these apps and how individuals with complex communication needs can use them for a variety of communication purposes and to target a variety of treatment goals. We present information in a user-friendly table format that clinicians can use as a reference guide.


2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Constance Hilory Tomberlin

There are a multitude of reasons that a teletinnitus program can be beneficial, not only to the patients, but also within the hospital and audiology department. The ability to use technology for the purpose of tinnitus management allows for improved appointment access for all patients, especially those who live at a distance, has been shown to be more cost effective when the patients travel is otherwise monetarily compensated, and allows for multiple patient's to be seen in the same time slots, allowing for greater access to the clinic for the patients wishing to be seen in-house. There is also the patient's excitement in being part of a new technology-based program. The Gulf Coast Veterans Health Care System (GCVHCS) saw the potential benefits of incorporating a teletinnitus program and began implementation in 2013. There were a few hurdles to work through during the beginning organizational process and the initial execution of the program. Since the establishment of the Teletinnitus program, the GCVHCS has seen an enhancement in patient care, reduction in travel compensation, improvement in clinic utilization, clinic availability, the genuine excitement of the use of a new healthcare media amongst staff and patients, and overall patient satisfaction.


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