Parametric imaging of blood perfusion with low-cost diagnostic ultrasound equipment

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolin Gu ◽  
Hui Zhong ◽  
Mingxi Wan ◽  
Xiaowen Hu ◽  
Dan Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Blood Perfusion ◽  
Diagnostic Ultrasound ◽  
Parametric Imaging

scholarly journals Practical aspects of use of emergency sonography for differential diagnosis of critical respiratory incidents (Blue-protocol “Bedside Lung Ultrasound in Emergency”)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-59
Author(s):  
O. O. Valenko ◽  
O. O. Volkov ◽  
A. S. Bessarab
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Lung Ultrasound ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Diagnostic Ultrasound ◽  
Interventional Therapy ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Lung Fluid ◽  
The Right

This article contains rather motivating than teaching information. It is a synthesis of analysis of authoritative global scientific publications and personal experience. The modern approaches to diagnosis of critical respiratory incidents using ultrasound, superficial theoretical review of the core of the method and our own experiences regarding effective protocol of sonographic lung assessment are presented here. Several interesting clinical cases emphasize the advantages of routine use of diagnostic ultrasound in patients with critical uncompensated respiratory disaster as well as in sub-compensated and compensated patients. The main principles of bedside lung ultrasound in emergency that should encourage wider implementation and use of this method by doctors of different specialties are: “Lung ultrasound is very easy to perform using simple equipment”, and “BLUE-protocol is a simple protocol that allows quick (< 3 min) diagnosis of the cause of respiratory failure”. Lung sonographic assessment allows not only to determine quickly the cause of critical respiratory failure and counteract it starting the etiotropic treatment as soon as possible, but also visualize the dynamics of pathological changes in response to therapy, thus allowing us to evaluate its effectiveness properly. The use of ultrasound in diagnosing enables more adequate decision making regarding the need of interventional therapy. It also leads to setting the right diagnosis faster, improving the quality of medical care, shortening the length of stay of patients in ICU, decreasing the total cost of the treatment. Identification and analysis of the amount of sonographic signs “B-lines – lung rockets” provides an opportunity to measure the volume/amount of interstitial lung fluid properly and track this marker/indicator in dynamics in response to the treatment. The unified method of protocolized assessment should be used within one medical facility in order to boost effectiveness and make evaluation and dynamic evaluation of pathological changes more objective by the same one or different medical specialists. Diagnostic ultrasound has a very low cost and there is no radiation exposure to patients which allows performing as many examinations as needed, without limitations.

scholarly journals Portable, handheld, and affordable blood perfusion imager for screening of subsurface cancer in resource-limited settings

2022 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. e2026201119
Author(s):  
Arka Bhowmik ◽  
Biswajoy Ghosh ◽  
Mousumi Pal ◽  
Ranjan Rashmi Paul ◽  
Jyotirmoy Chatterjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Medical Image Analysis ◽  
Blood Perfusion ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Noninvasive Diagnostics ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Contact Free

Precise information on localized variations in blood circulation holds the key for noninvasive diagnostics and therapeutic assessment of various forms of cancer. While thermal imaging by itself may provide significant insights on the combined implications of the relevant physiological parameters, viz. local blood perfusion and metabolic balance due to active tumors as well as the ambient conditions, knowledge of the tissue surface temperature alone may be somewhat inadequate in distinguishing between some ambiguous manifestations of precancer and cancerous lesions, resulting in compromise of the selectivity in detection. This, along with the lack of availability of a user-friendly and inexpensive portable device for thermal-image acquisition, blood perfusion mapping, and data integration acts as a deterrent against the emergence of an inexpensive, contact-free, and accurate in situ screening and diagnostic approach for cancer detection and management. Circumventing these constraints, here we report a portable noninvasive blood perfusion imager augmented with machine learning–based quantitative analytics for screening precancerous and cancerous traits in oral lesions, by probing the localized alterations in microcirculation. With a proven overall sensitivity >96.66% and specificity of 100% as compared to gold-standard biopsy-based tests, the method successfully classified oral cancer and precancer in a resource-limited clinical setting in a double-blinded patient trial and exhibited favorable predictive capabilities considering other complementary modes of medical image analysis as well. The method holds further potential to achieve contrast-free, accurate, and low-cost diagnosis of abnormal microvascular physiology and other clinically vulnerable conditions, when interpreted along with complementary clinically evidenced decision-making perspectives.

scholarly journals Origin and distribution of the coronary arteries of boars

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. e149316
Author(s):  
Tânia Ribeiro Junqueira Borges ◽  
Lucas De Assis Ribeiro ◽  
Fabiano Braz Romão ◽  
Henrique Inhauser Riceti Magalhães ◽  
Marcos Martins Luz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Blood Perfusion ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
The Right ◽  
Domestic Swine ◽  
Potential Use

The heart of a domestic swine is similar to that of a human regarding anatomy, blood perfusion, and distribution of nurturing arteries. In addition to the similarities, its low cost compared with other species is also one of the reasons these animals have been increasingly used in medical schools and in clinical, surgical, and pharmacological studies. Therefore, we aimed to identify the origin and distribution of the right and left coronary arteries of boars, emphasizing the configuration and macroscopic representativity of their branches while characterizing a possible dominance concerning the type of circulation and the potential use of this animal as an experimental model, hence boars are the ancestors of the domestic pigs. The left coronary artery has bifurcated into paraconal interventricular branch and circumflex branch; or it has trifurcated into paraconal interventricular branch, the oblique branch, and into the left circumflex branch. The right coronary artery has originated the marginal branches to the right ventricle and the right circumflex branch, which has branched out in the subsinuous interventricular branch. Anastomoses have stood out among the paraconal and subsinuous interventricular branches – where a right dominant coronary artery occurred – and between the right and left circumflex branches. We concluded that the morphology and the distribution of the coronary arteries of boars resemble those of a human and, thus, our results are useful for the conception of experimental hemodynamics and possible use as process models.

scholarly journals Ultrasound Diagnosed Disorders of Subacromial Shoulder Pain Patients: A Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Care Rural Hospital, Mewat, Haryana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Depinder Kaur ◽  
Harnam Madan ◽  
Surendra Kumar ◽  
Saurabh Anand ◽  
Manjeet Dhanda
Keyword(s):  
Shoulder Pain ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diagnostic Ultrasound ◽  
Joint Involvement ◽  
Diagnostic Modality ◽  
Joint Pathology ◽  
Pain Patients ◽  
Underlying Pathology

Introduction: Shoulder pain is leading cause of disability and pain among musculoskeletal pain patients. Ultrasound is coming in a bigger way for diagnosis and management of subacromial pain due to its low cost, easy availability and accuracy in detecting soft tissues pathologies and for planning further treatment. Aim: To assess the role of diagnostic Ultrasound (US) in subacromial shoulder pathologies evaluation in shoulder pain patients. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective observational study conducted on 98 patients who presented with subacromial shoulder pain. Diagnostic ultrasound examination was done and patients were categorised based upon underlying pathology and analysed in terms of frequency. Results: Most common ultrasound findings in subacromial shoulder pain patients were subacromial bursopathy 46 (46.93%) followed by Rotator cuff pathology including tear 38 (38.77%), mixed pathology 9 (9.18%) and Acromioclavicular (AC) joint pathology 5 (5.10%). Isolated biceps pathology was not seen in our study rather biceps pathology along with other tendon and joint involvement was observed. Conclusion: The findings in the present study imply that diagnostic ultrasound of shoulder pain patients helps to stratify them into different categories for better understanding of underlying pathology and targeted treatment approach. Ultrasound shall be used as an outpatient primary diagnostic modality for evaluation of subacromial shoulder pain patients.

Decomposition of the metastable beta titanium alloy Ti-15-3

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 264-265
Author(s):  
Y. L. Chen ◽  
S. Fujlshiro
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Alpha Phase ◽  
Thick Sheet ◽  
Omega Phase ◽  
Beta Titanium Alloy ◽  
Beta Titanium ◽  
Beta Matrix ◽  
Metastable Beta ◽  
Very High

Metastable beta titanium alloys have been known to have numerous advantages such as cold formability, high strength, good fracture resistance, deep hardenability, and cost effectiveness. Very high strength is obtainable by precipitation of the hexagonal alpha phase in a bcc beta matrix in these alloys. Precipitation hardening in the metastable beta alloys may also result from the formation of transition phases such as omega phase. Ti-15-3 (Ti-15V- 3Cr-3Al-3Sn) has been developed recently by TIMET and USAF for low cost sheet metal applications. The purpose of the present study was to examine the aging characteristics in this alloy.The composition of the as-received material is: 14.7 V, 3.14 Cr, 3.05 Al, 2.26 Sn, and 0.145 Fe. The beta transus temperature as determined by optical metallographic method was about 770°C. Specimen coupons were prepared from a mill-annealed 1.2 mm thick sheet, and solution treated at 827°C for 2 hr in argon, then water quenched. Aging was also done in argon at temperatures ranging from 316 to 616°C for various times.

Chromic Acid Etching of Polyethylene

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 72-73
Author(s):  
J. D. Muzzy ◽  
R. D. Hester ◽  
J. L. Hubbard
Keyword(s):  
Chromic Acid ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Crystalline Morphology ◽  
Bulk Specimen ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Perfect Form ◽  
Molecular Length ◽  
Lamellar Texture ◽  
Cost Studies

Polyethylene is one of the most important plastics produced today because of its good physical properties, ease of fabrication and low cost. Studies to improve the properties of polyethylene are leading to an understanding of its crystalline morphology. Polyethylene crystallized by evaporation from dilute solutions consists of thin crystals called lamellae. The polyethylene molecules are parallel to the thickness of the lamellae and are folded since the thickness of the lamellae is much less than the molecular length. This lamellar texture persists in less perfect form in polyethylene crystallized from the melt.Morphological studies of melt crystallized polyethylene have been limited due to the difficulty of isolating the microstructure from the bulk specimen without destroying or deforming it.

Glass Knife Geometry as Seen by the SEM

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 454-455
Author(s):  
J. Temple Black
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Amorphous Material ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Basic Tool ◽  
Tool Materials ◽  
Optical Inspection ◽  
Surface Flaws ◽  
Slip Planes ◽  
Glass Knife ◽  
Diamond Knife

In ultramicrotomy, the two basic tool materials are glass and diamond. Glass because of its low cost and ease of manufacture of the knife itself is still widely used despite the superiority of diamond knives in many applications. Both kinds of knives produce plastic deformation in the microtomed section due to the nature of the cutting process and microscopic chips in the edge of the knife. Because glass has no well defined slip planes in its structure (it's an amorphous material), it is very strong and essentially never fails in compression. However, surface flaws produce stress concentrations which reduce the strength of glass to 10,000 to 20,000 psi from its theoretical or flaw free values of 1 to 2 million psi. While the microchips in the edge of the glass or diamond knife are generally too small to be observed in the SEM, the second common type of defect can be identified. This is the striations (also termed the check marks or feathers) which are always present over the entire edge of a glass knife regardless of whether or not they are visable under optical inspection. These steps in the cutting edge can be observed in the SEM by proper preparation of carefully broken knives and orientation of the knife, with respect to the scanning beam.

Spectraplot: A PC-based spectrum translation and display program

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 918-919
Author(s):  
H. O. Colijn
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
File Transfer ◽  
Transfer Data ◽  
Error Checking ◽  
Data Files ◽  
The University

Many labs today wish to transfer data between their EDS systems and their existing PCs and minicomputers. Our lab has implemented SpectraPlot, a low- cost PC-based system to allow offline examination and plotting of spectra. We adopted this system in order to make more efficient use of our microscopes and EDS consoles, to provide hardcopy output for an older EDS system, and to allow students to access their data after leaving the university.As shown in Fig. 1, we have three EDS systems (one of which is located in another building) which can store data on 8 inch RT-11 floppy disks. We transfer data from these systems to a DEC MINC computer using “SneakerNet”, which consists of putting on a pair of sneakers and running down the hall. We then use the Hermit file transfer program to download the data files with error checking from the MINC to the PC.

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