Standardised method of follow-up assessment of preterm infants at the age of 5 years: use of the WHO classification of impairments, disabilities and handicaps: Report from the collaborative Project On Preterm and Small for gestational age infants (POPS) in The Netherlands, 1983

PurposeThe aim of this study was to assess morbidity and mortality pattern of small for gestational age (SGA) preterm infants in comparison to appropriate for gestational age (AGA) preterm infants of similar gestational age.MethodWe compared neonatal outcomes of 1336, 1:1 matched, singleton SGA and AGA preterm infants based on their gestational age using data from the study ‘Causes of Illness and Death of Preterm Infants in Ethiopia (SIP)’. Data were analysed using SPSS V.23. ORs and 95% CIs and χ2 tests were done, p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultThe majority of the infants (1194, 89%) were moderate to late preterm (32–36 weeks of gestation), 763 (57%) were females. Male preterm infants had higher risk of being SGA than female infants (p<0.001). SGA infants had increased risk of hypoglycaemic (OR and 95% CI 1.6 (1.2 to 2.0), necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) 2.3 (1.2 to 4.1), polycythaemia 3.0 (1.6 to 5.4), late-onset neonatal sepsis (LOS) 3.6 (1.1 to 10.9)) and prolonged hospitalisation 2.9 (2.0 to 4.2). The rates of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), apnoea and mortality were similar in the SGA and AGA groups.ConclusionNeonatal complications such as hypoglycaemic, NEC, LOS, polycythaemia and prolonged hospitalisation are more common in SGA infants, while rates of RDS and mortality are similar in SGA and AGA groups. Early recognition of SGA status, high index of suspicion and screening for complications associated and timely intervention to prevent complications need due consideration.

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Catch-Up Growth and Supine Length/Height in Very Low Birth Weight, Small for Gestational Age Preterm Infants

Handbook of Growth and Growth Monitoring in Health and Disease ◽

10.1007/978-1-4419-1795-9_49 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 831-849

Author(s):

Ingeborg Brandt ◽

Elisabeth J. Sticker ◽

Ruth Gausche ◽

Michael J. Lentze

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Catch Up

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Longitudinal follow-up of height up to five years of age in infants born preterm small for gestational age; comparison to full-term small for gestational age infants

Early Human Development ◽

10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2006.07.002 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 83 (5) ◽

pp. 327-333 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

Kazuo Itabashi ◽

Jun Mishina ◽

Hiroshi Tada ◽

Motoichiro Sakurai ◽

Yuko Nanri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Full Term

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Heart Failure in Women With Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.15654 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 76 (5) ◽

pp. 1506-1513 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Michael C. Honigberg ◽

Hilde Kristin Refvik Riise ◽

Anne Kjersti Daltveit ◽

Grethe S. Tell ◽

Gerhard Sulo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Preterm Delivery ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Gestational Hypertension ◽

Hazard Ratio ◽

Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽

First Birth ◽

Hypertensive Disorders

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) have been associated with heart failure (HF). It is unknown whether concurrent pregnancy complications (small-for-gestational-age or preterm delivery) or recurrent HDP modify HDP-associated HF risk. In this cohort study, we included Norwegian women with a first birth between 1980 and 2004. Follow-up occurred through 2009. Cox models examined gestational hypertension and preeclampsia in the first pregnancy as predictors of a composite of HF-related hospitalization or HF-related death, with assessment of effect modification by concurrent small-for-gestational-age or preterm delivery. Additional models were stratified by final parity (1 versus ≥2 births) and tested associations with recurrent HDP. Among 508 422 women, 565 experienced incident HF over a median 11.8 years of follow-up. After multivariable adjustment, gestational hypertension in the first birth was not significantly associated with HF (hazard ratio, 1.41 [95% CI, 0.84–2.35], P =0.19), whereas preeclampsia was associated with a hazard ratio of 2.00 (95% CI, 1.50–2.68, P <0.001). Among women with HDP, risks were not modified by concurrent small-for-gestational-age or preterm delivery ( P interaction =0.42). Largest hazards of HF were observed in women whose only lifetime birth was complicated by preeclampsia and women with recurrent preeclampsia. HF risks were similar after excluding women with coronary artery disease. In summary, women with preeclampsia, especially those with one lifetime birth and those with recurrent preeclampsia, experienced increased HF risk compared to women without HDP. Further research is needed to clarify causal mechanisms.

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