scholarly journals Does use of antiretroviral therapy regimens with high central nervous system penetration improve survival in HIV-infected adults?

HIV Medicine ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 610-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
H McManus ◽  
PCK Li ◽  
D Nolan ◽  
M Bloch ◽  
S Kiertiburanakul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Central Nervous System Penetration

scholarly journals Cognitive function after several years of antiretroviral therapy with stable central nervous system penetration score

HIV Medicine ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 311-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Kahouadji ◽  
J Dumurgier ◽  
P Sellier ◽  
P Lapalus ◽  
V Delcey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Central Nervous System Penetration

scholarly journals Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 RNA Detected in the Central Nervous System (CNS) After Years of Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy Can Originate from a Replicating CNS Reservoir or Clonally Expanded Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 1345-1352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah B Joseph ◽  
Laura P Kincer ◽  
Natalie M Bowman ◽  
Chris Evans ◽  
Michael J Vinikoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Csf Escape

Abstract Background Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) populations are detected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of some people on suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). Detailed analysis of these populations may reveal whether they are produced by central nervous system (CNS) reservoirs. Methods We performed a study of 101 asymptomatic participants on stable ART. HIV-1 RNA concentrations were cross-sectionally measured in CSF and plasma. In participants with CSF HIV-1 RNA concentrations sufficient for analysis, viral populations were genetically and phenotypically characterized over multiple time points. Results For 6% of participants (6 of 101), the concentration of HIV-1 RNA in their CSF was ≥0.5 log copies/mL above that of plasma (ie, CSF escape). We generated viral envelope sequences from CSF of 3 participants. One had a persistent CSF escape population that was macrophage-tropic, partially drug resistant, genetically diverse, and closely related to a minor macrophage-tropic lineage present in the blood prior to viral suppression and enriched for after ART. Two participants (1 suppressed and 1 not) had transient CSF escape populations that were R5 T cell-tropic with little genetic diversity. Conclusions Extensive analysis of viral populations in 1 participant revealed that CSF escape was from a persistently replicating population, likely in macrophages/microglia, present in the CNS over 3 years of ART. CSF escape in 2 other participants was likely produced by trafficking and transient expansion of infected T cells in the CNS. Our results show that CNS reservoirs can persist during ART and that CSF escape is not exclusively produced by replicating CNS reservoirs.

Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy and Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for the Treatment of AIDS-Related Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 310-312
Author(s):  
Andres M. Alvarez-Pinzon ◽  
Jose E. Valerio ◽  
Heather N. Swedberg ◽  
Sammer M. Elwasila ◽  
Aizik Wolf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Gamma Knife ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Gamma Knife Radiosurgery ◽  
Central Nervous System Lymphoma ◽  
Highly Active

scholarly journals Central Nervous System Strongyloidiasis and Cryptococcosis in an HIV-Infected Patient Starting Antiretroviral Therapy

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Rodríguez ◽  
Paúl Flores ◽  
Víctor Ahumada ◽  
Lorena Vázquez-Vázquez ◽  
Claudia Alvarado-de la Barrera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Infected Patient ◽  
Central Nervous System Involvement ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hyperinfection Syndrome

We report a case ofStrongyloides stercoralishyperinfection syndrome with central nervous system involvement, in a patient with late human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection starting antiretroviral therapy, in whomStrongyloides stercoralislarvae andCryptococcus neoformanswere isolated antemortem from cerebrospinal fluid. Our patient was not from an endemic region for the parasite, so strongyloidiasis was not originally suspected. For this reason, we conclude thatStrongyloides stercoralisinfection should be suspected in HIV-infected patients starting antiretroviral therapy in order to avoid potential fatal outcomes.

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