scholarly journals GROWTH AND SURVIVAL TRADE-OFFS AND OUTBREEDING DEPRESSION IN RAINBOW TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS)

Evolution ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1225-1237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy E. Tymchuk ◽  
L. Fredrik Sundström ◽  
Robert H. Devlin
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Outbreeding Depression ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Trade Offs

scholarly journals Trade-Offs Underwater: Physiological Plasticity of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Confronted by Multiple Stressors

Fishes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Wernicke von Siebenthal ◽  
Kristina Rehberger ◽  
Christyn Bailey ◽  
Albert Ros ◽  
Elio Herzog ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Multiple Stressors ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Phenotypic Flexibility ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The Individual

Organisms have evolved mechanisms to partition the available resources between fitness-relevant physiological functions. Organisms possess phenotypic plasticity to acclimate to changing environmental conditions. However, this comes at a cost that can cause negative correlations or “trade-offs”, whereby increasing investments in one function lead to decreased investments in another function. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prioritization of resource allocation between growth, pathogen defense, and contaminant response in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to changes of resource income or expenditure. We performed a multifactorial experiment with three resource-impacting stressors—limited food availability, a parasitic infection, exposure to a vitellogenesis-inducing contaminant—and combinations thereof. Treatment with the individual stressors evoked the expected responses in the respective physiological target systems—body growth, immune system, and hepatic vitellogenin transcription—but we found little evidence for significant negative relations (trade-offs) between the three systems. This also applied to fish exposed to combinations of the stressors. This high phenotypic flexibility of trout in their resource allocation suggests that linear resource allocations as mechanisms of phenotypic plasticity may be too simplistic, but it also may point to a greater capacity of ectothermic than endothermic vertebrates to maintain key physiological processes under competing resource needs due to lower maintenance costs.

scholarly journals Telomere Dynamics in the Diploid and Triploid Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Assessed by Q-FISH Analysis

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ligia Panasiak ◽  
Stefan Dobosz ◽  
Konrad Ocalewicz
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fish Analysis ◽  
Telomeric Dna ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Telomere Dynamics

Changes of telomere length with age were assessed in diploid and triploid rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) females in the cross-sectional study using Q-FISH technique. Triploid trout as sterile do not invest an energy in gametogenesis and continue to grow, whereas fertile diploid individuals suffer from declines in growth and survival during sexual maturation. However, triploid and diploid specimens exhibited similar patterns of telomere dynamics. Telomere length in the embryos, larvae and one-year-old juveniles did not change significantly. In the second year after hatching, subadults exhibited substantially shortened telomeres, while significant increase of the telomere length was reported in the three-year-old adults. On the other hand, correlation between telomere length and body size was observed in the triploid, but not in the diploid rainbow trout. Telomere shortening observed in two-year-old subadults may have been associated with the premature period of the fast growth in rainbow trout. Similar pattern of the telomere dynamics reported in the fertile diploids and sterile triploids indicated processes related to reproduction did not affect telomere dynamics in this species. Unexpected increase of the telomere length reported during the third year of life confirmed that in rainbow trout telomeric DNA shortens and lengthens, depending on the developmental stage.

Influence of sex, migration distance, and latitude on life history expression in steelhead and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haley A. Ohms ◽  
Matthew R. Sloat ◽  
Gordon H. Reeves ◽  
Chris E. Jordan ◽  
Jason B. Dunham
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Reproductive Tactics ◽  
Migration Distance ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Female Bias ◽  
Emergence Of Life

In partially migratory species, such as Oncorhynchus mykiss, the emergence of life history phenotypes is often attributed to fitness trade-offs associated with growth and survival. Fitness trade-offs can be linked to reproductive tactics that vary between the sexes, as well as the influence of environmental conditions. We found that O. mykiss outmigrants are more likely to be female in nine populations throughout western North America (grand mean 65% female), in support of the hypothesis that anadromy is more likely to benefit females. This bias was not related to migration distance or freshwater productivity, as indicated by latitude. Within one O. mykiss population we also measured the resident sex ratio and did not observe a male bias, despite a high female bias among outmigrants in that system. We provide a simulation to demonstrate the relationship between sex ratios and the proportion of anadromy and show how sex ratios could be a valuable tool for predicting the prevalence of life history types in a population.

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