Behavioural responses of the aphid parasitoid Diaeretiella rapae to volatiles from Arabidopsis thaliana induced by Myzus persicae

AbstractThe effects of the aphicide pirimicarb on the foraging behaviour of the aphid parasitoid Diaeretiella rapae were investigated in the laboratory, using aphid-infested and uninfested, young oilseed rape plants. Female parasitoids spent significantly less time foraging on plants sprayed with pirimicarb within the previous 24 h than on untreated plants, regardless of the presence of aphid hosts. Whilst foraging on sprayed plants, parasitoids spent relatively more time walking than they did when foraging on untreated plants. On sprayed plants foraging parasitoids tended to avoid leaf surfaces, thereby reducing the chances of encountering aphid hosts whilst on the plant. These sublethal effects of the aphicide on foraging parasitoids would considerably reduce their impact on aphid populations which survived in a crop after spraying. This has important implications for the control of aphids, such as Myzus persicae, which have developed pesticide resistant strains.

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A demographic and modeling approach to determine the suitability of two hosts, Brevicoryne brassicae (Linnaeus) and Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Heteroptera: Aphididae) of the aphid parasitoid, Diaeretiella rapae (Mcintosh) (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae)

The Pan-Pacific Entomologist ◽

10.3956/0031-0603-83.1.75 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 83 (1) ◽

pp. 75-79 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

John D. Stark ◽

Susanna Acheampong

Keyword(s):

Myzus Persicae ◽

Brevicoryne Brassicae ◽

Diaeretiella Rapae ◽

Aphid Parasitoid ◽

Modeling Approach

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Parasitism rate of Myzus persicae (Sulzer) by Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh) in the presence of an alternative, resistant host

Revista Brasileira de Entomologia ◽

10.1016/j.rbe.2017.10.003 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 13-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Samira Evangelista Ferreira ◽

Marcus Vinicius Sampaio ◽

Reinaldo Silva de Oliveira ◽

Heraldo Luís de Vasconcelos

Keyword(s):

Myzus Persicae ◽

Diaeretiella Rapae ◽

Parasitism Rate

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Effects of cis-Jasmone Treatment of Brassicas on Interactions With Myzus persicae Aphids and Their Parasitoid Diaeretiella rapae

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2021.711896 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Jamin Ali ◽

Anca D. Covaci ◽

Joe M. Roberts ◽

Islam S. Sobhy ◽

William D. J. Kirk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brassica Napus ◽

Myzus Persicae ◽

Methyl Salicylate ◽

Plant Defence ◽

Diaeretiella Rapae ◽

Methyl Isothiocyanate ◽

Volatile Emission ◽

Brassica Crops ◽

Wide Range ◽

Promising Treatment

There is a need to develop new ways of protecting plants against aphid attack. Here, we investigated the effect of a plant defence activator, cis-jasmone (CJ), in a range of cultivars of Brassica napus, Brassica rapa and Brassica oleracea. Plants were sprayed with cis-jasmone or blank formulation and then tested with peach potato aphids (Myzus persicae Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and their parasitoid Diaeretiella rapae (M'Intosh) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). CJ treated plants had significantly lower aphid settlement than control plants in a settlement bioassay. Conversely, in a foraging bioassay, D. rapae parasitoids spent a significantly longer time foraging on CJ treated plants. Our results reveal that CJ treatment makes plants less attractive to and less suitable for M. persicae but more attractive to D. rapae in a range of brassica cultivars. It is likely that these effects are due to changes in volatile emission indicating activation of defence and presence of conspecific competitors to aphids but presence of prey to parasitoids. Increases in volatile emission were found in CJ induced plants but varied with genotype. Among the synthetic volatile compounds that were induced in the headspace of CJ treated brassica cultivars, methyl isothiocyanate, methyl salicylate and cis-jasmone were most repellent to aphids. These results build on earlier studies in Arabidopsis and show that tritrophic interactions are influenced by CJ in a wide range of brassica germplasm. The implication is that CJ is a promising treatment that could be used in brassica crops as part of an integrated pest management system.

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