scholarly journals Assessing the Impact of Pneumococcal Vaccination On Epidemiology, Microbiology and Clinical Course of Pneumococcal Meningitis in Western Australian Children (1990-2013)

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 11-12
Keyword(s):  
Pneumococcal Meningitis ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Pneumococcal Vaccination ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Western Australian

scholarly journals Impact of infant pneumococcal vaccination on invasive pneumococcal diseases in France, 2001-2006

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (35) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Lepoutre ◽  
E Varon ◽  
S Georges ◽  
L Gutmann ◽  
D Lévy-Bruhl
Keyword(s):  
Pneumococcal Meningitis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Pneumococcal Vaccination ◽  
Early Observation ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Vaccine Serotypes ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Laboratory Surveillance ◽  
Pneumococcal Bacteraemia ◽  
The Impact

Vaccination with the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) has been recommended in France since 2003 for children under the age of two years who are at risk due to medical or living conditions. From 2006, the recommendation has been extended to all children under two years. The impact of PCV introduction on the incidence of pneumococcal meningitis and bacteraemia and on the serotype distribution in French children and other age-groups was assessed using laboratory surveillance data. The coverage with three doses of PCV was 44% in children aged 6-12 months in 2006. From 2001/2002 to 2006, the incidence of pneumococcal meningitis decreased from 8.0 to 6.0 cases per 100,000, and the incidence of pneumococcal bacteraemia decreased from 21.8 to 17.5 cases per 100,000 in children under the age of two years. For the vaccine strains, the incidence of pneumococcal meningitis and bacteraemia decreased from 20,4 to 6.0 cases per 100,000, while the incidence of pneumococcal meningitis and bacteraemia due to non-vaccine strains increased from 9.4 to 17.5 cases per 100,000 in this time period. The incidence in older children and adults did not decrease. Further expansion of PCV coverage is expected to increase the impact of the vaccination in both children and adults. However, the fact that cases caused by vaccine serotypes have been partially substituted by cases of non-vaccine serotypes is likely to reduce the overall benefit of PCV in France, should this early observation be confirmed in the future.

scholarly journals The Impact of Pneumococcal Vaccination on Bacterial and Viral Pneumonia in Western Australian Children: Record Linkage Cohort Study of 469589 Births, 1996–2012

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 1075-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parveen Fathima ◽  
Christopher C Blyth ◽  
Deborah Lehmann ◽  
Faye J Lim ◽  
Tasnim Abdalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Record Linkage ◽  
Pneumococcal Vaccination ◽  
Viral Pneumonia ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Western Australian

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 and Cytomegalovirus Co-Infections—A Case Series of Critically Ill Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 2792
Author(s):  
Patrícia Moniz ◽  
Sérgio Brito ◽  
Pedro Póvoa
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Immune Suppression ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cmv Reactivation

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has placed great strain on the most developed of health care systems, especially in the context of critical care. Although co-infections with cytomegalovirus (CMV) are frequent in the critically ill due to underlying immune suppression of multiple causes, the impact on COVID-19 patients remains unclear. Furthermore, severe COVID-19 has recently been associated with significant immune suppression, and this may in turn impact CMV reactivation, possibly contributing to clinical course. Nevertheless, multiple confounding factors in these patients will certainly challenge upcoming research. The authors present a case series of five patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) in the context of respiratory failure due to severe COVID-19. All patients evolved with CMV reactivation during ICU stay.

The duck curve in a drying pond: The impact of rooftop PV on the Western Australian electricity market transition

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 101232
Author(s):  
Sam Wilkinson ◽  
Martin J. Maticka ◽  
Yue Liu ◽  
Michele John
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Market ◽  
Market Transition ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Western Australian

scholarly journals Comparison of influenza disease burden in older populations of Hong Kong and Brisbane: the impact of influenza and pneumococcal vaccination

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Yang ◽  
King Pan Chan ◽  
Chit Ming Wong ◽  
Susan Shui Seng Chiu ◽  
Ricardo J. Soares Magalhaes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Pneumococcal Vaccination ◽  
Older Populations ◽  
The Impact

The Impact of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux on Occurrence and Clinical Course of Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daša Gluvajić ◽  
Maja Šereg‐Bahar ◽  
Aleš Jerin ◽  
Rado Janša ◽  
Irena Hočevar‐Boltežar
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Course ◽  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽  
Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Genotype–phenotype correlations and novel molecular insights into the DHX30-associated neurodevelopmental disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Mannucci ◽  
Nghi D. P. Dang ◽  
Hannes Huber ◽  
Jaclyn B. Murry ◽  
Jeff Abramson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Global Developmental Delay ◽  
Helicase Activity ◽  
Speech Impairment ◽  
Human Phenotype ◽  
Missense Variants ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Global Translation

Abstract Background We aimed to define the clinical and variant spectrum and to provide novel molecular insights into the DHX30-associated neurodevelopmental disorder. Methods Clinical and genetic data from affected individuals were collected through Facebook-based family support group, GeneMatcher, and our network of collaborators. We investigated the impact of novel missense variants with respect to ATPase and helicase activity, stress granule (SG) formation, global translation, and their effect on embryonic development in zebrafish. SG formation was additionally analyzed in CRISPR/Cas9-mediated DHX30-deficient HEK293T and zebrafish models, along with in vivo behavioral assays. Results We identified 25 previously unreported individuals, ten of whom carry novel variants, two of which are recurrent, and provide evidence of gonadal mosaicism in one family. All 19 individuals harboring heterozygous missense variants within helicase core motifs (HCMs) have global developmental delay, intellectual disability, severe speech impairment, and gait abnormalities. These variants impair the ATPase and helicase activity of DHX30, trigger SG formation, interfere with global translation, and cause developmental defects in a zebrafish model. Notably, 4 individuals harboring heterozygous variants resulting either in haploinsufficiency or truncated proteins presented with a milder clinical course, similar to an individual harboring a de novo mosaic HCM missense variant. Functionally, we established DHX30 as an ATP-dependent RNA helicase and as an evolutionary conserved factor in SG assembly. Based on the clinical course, the variant location, and type we establish two distinct clinical subtypes. DHX30 loss-of-function variants cause a milder phenotype whereas a severe phenotype is caused by HCM missense variants that, in addition to the loss of ATPase and helicase activity, lead to a detrimental gain-of-function with respect to SG formation. Behavioral characterization of dhx30-deficient zebrafish revealed altered sleep-wake activity and social interaction, partially resembling the human phenotype. Conclusions Our study highlights the usefulness of social media to define novel Mendelian disorders and exemplifies how functional analyses accompanied by clinical and genetic findings can define clinically distinct subtypes for ultra-rare disorders. Such approaches require close interdisciplinary collaboration between families/legal representatives of the affected individuals, clinicians, molecular genetics diagnostic laboratories, and research laboratories.

scholarly journals Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in the first trimester placenta leading to transplacental transmission and fetal demise from an asymptomatic mother

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prajakta Shende ◽  
Pradip Gaikwad ◽  
Manisha Gandhewar ◽  
Pawankumar Ukey ◽  
Anshul Bhide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Course ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Hydrops Fetalis ◽  
Viral Rna ◽  
Fetal Membrane ◽  
Fibrin Deposition ◽  
Fetal Demise ◽  
Placental Infection ◽  
The Impact ◽  
S Proteins

Summary Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by infection of the respiratory tract by SARS-CoV-2 which survives in the tissues during the clinical course of infection but there is limited evidence on placental infection and vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2. The impact of COVID-19 in first trimester pregnancy remains poorly understood. Moreover, how long SARS-CoV-2 can survive in placenta is unknown. Herein we report a case of a pregnant woman in the first trimester who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 at 8 weeks of gestation although her clinical course was asymptomatic. At 13 weeks of gestation, her throat swab tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 but viral RNA was detected in the placenta and the Spike (S) proteins (S1 and S2) were immunolocalized in cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast cells of the placental villi. Histologically, the villi were generally avascular with peri-villus fibrin deposition and in some areas the syncytiotrophoblast layer appeared lysed. The decidua also had fibrin deposition with extensive leucocyte infiltration suggestive of inflammation. The SARS-CoV-2 crossed the placental barrier, as the viral RNA was detected in the amniotic fluid and the S proteins were detected in the fetal membrane. Ultrasonography revealed extensively subcutaneous edema with pleural effusion suggestive of hydrops fetalis and the absence of cardiac activity indicated fetal demise. This is the first study to provide concrete evidence of persistent placental infection of SARS-CoV-2 and its congenital transmission associated with hydrops fetalis and intrauterine fetal demise in early pregnancy.

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