scholarly journals Coxiella burnetii(Q-Fever) Seroprevalence in Prey and Predators in the United Kingdom: Evaluation of Infection in Wild Rodents, Foxes and Domestic Cats Using a Modified ELISA

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 639-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Meredith ◽  
S. C. Cleaveland ◽  
M. J. Denwood ◽  
J. K. Brown ◽  
D. J. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Wild Rodents ◽  
The United Kingdom

Seroprevalence ofEncephalitozoon cuniculiin Wild Rodents, Foxes and Domestic Cats in Three Sites in the United Kingdom

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Meredith ◽  
S. C. Cleaveland ◽  
J. Brown ◽  
A. Mahajan ◽  
D. J. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Wild Rodents ◽  
The United Kingdom

The role of wild rodents in spread and transmission of Coxiella burnetii needs further elucidation

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastiaan G. Meerburg ◽  
Chantal B. E. M. Reusken
Keyword(s):  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Direct Transmission ◽  
Wild Rodents ◽  
Exact Role ◽  
Sylvatic Cycle ◽  
Geographic Spread ◽  
Domestic Cycle ◽  
Food Losses

Rodents are known to cause massive food losses, but are also implicated as reservoirs for a wide variety of zoonotic pathogens. This review discusses the contribution of rodents in the spread and transmission of Coxiella burnetii, the causative agent of Q-fever. We found that rodents have been implicated as reservoirs for Q-fever, but their role in pathogen maintenance, geographic spread and transmission still remains to be clarified. As there are indications for a role of rodents in Q-fever epidemiology, including during the 2007–10 outbreak in the Netherlands, the overall lack of knowledge on the role of rodents warrants studies into their contribution in transmission of C. burnetii from the sylvatic cycle to the domestic cycle, in within-herd transmission, in transmission to surrounding farms and in direct transmission to humans. Although the basic sylvatic and domestic cycles of C. burnetii infection can operate independently, they will overlap in many instances as many areas in the world are occupied by both domestic and wild animals. This area of Q-fever ecology is of interest and research should focus on this aspect of Q-fever epidemiology and, in particular, on the role of rodents therein. More studies are needed that elicit the exact role of rodents in epidemiology of C. burnetii to further optimise disease control.

scholarly journals Characterization of Toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans Strains Isolated from Humans and Domestic Cats in the United Kingdom

2005 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 4377-4381 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. De Zoysa ◽  
P. M. Hawkey ◽  
K. Engler ◽  
R. George ◽  
G. Mann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Corynebacterium Ulcerans ◽  
The United Kingdom

scholarly journals Experimental Inoculation of Male Rats with Coxiella burnetii: Successful Infection but No Transmission to Cage Mates

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (16) ◽  
pp. 5661-5665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke Opsteegh ◽  
Lenny Hogerwerf ◽  
Stephane Nooijen ◽  
Cecile Dam-Deisz ◽  
Lianne de Heer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Reservoir Host ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Wild Rodents ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Reproduction Ratio ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Successful Infection

ABSTRACTBeginning in 2007, the largest human Q fever outbreak ever described occurred in the Netherlands. Dairy goats from intensive farms were identified as the source, amplifyingCoxiella burnetiiduring gestation and shedding large quantities during abortions. It has been postulated that wild rodents are reservoir hosts from whichC. burnetiican be transmitted to domestic animals and humans. However, little is known about the infection dynamics ofC. burnetiiin wild rodents. The aim of this study was to investigate whether brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) can be experimentally infected withC. burnetiiand whether transmission to a cage mates occurs. Fourteen male brown rats (wild type) were intratracheally or intranasally inoculated with a DutchC. burnetiiisolate obtained from a goat. At 3 days postinoculation, a contact rat was placed with each inoculated rat. The pairs were monitored using blood samples and rectal and throat swabs for 8 weeks, and after euthanasia the spleens were collected. Rats became infected by both inoculation routes, and detection ofC. burnetiiDNA in swabs suggests that excretion occurred. However, based on the negative spleens in PCR and the lack of seroconversion, none of the contact animals was considered infected; thus, no transmission was observed. The reproduction ratioR0was estimated to be 0 (95% confidence interval = 0 to 0.6), indicating that it is unlikely that rats act as reservoir host ofC. burnetiithrough sustained transmission between male rats. Future research should focus on other transmission routes, such as vertical transmission or bacterial shedding during parturition.

Sequence analysis of MHC DRB alleles in domestic cats from the United Kingdom

2002 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 348-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorna Kennedy ◽  
Ruth Ryvar ◽  
Rosalind Gaskell ◽  
Diane Addie ◽  
Kim Willoughby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
The United Kingdom

A comparison of the United Kingdom Clinical Aptitude Test (UK-CAT) with a traditional admission selection process

2009 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nishan Fernando ◽  
Gordon Prescott ◽  
Jennifer Cleland ◽  
Kathryn Greaves ◽  
Hamish McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Aptitude Test ◽  
The United Kingdom
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