Parabolic Trough Optical Performance Analysis Techniques

2006 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eckhard Lüpfert ◽  
Klaus Pottler ◽  
Steffen Ulmer ◽  
Klaus-J. Riffelmann ◽  
Andreas Neumann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Ray Tracing ◽  
Flux Measurement ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Thermal Testing ◽  
Parabolic Trough ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Solar Field ◽  
Prototype Evaluation ◽  
Acceptance Tests

Analysis of geometry and optical properties of solar parabolic trough collectors uses a number of specific techniques that have demonstrated to be useful tools in prototype evaluation. These are based on photogrammetry, flux mapping, ray tracing, and advanced thermal testing. They can be used to assure the collector quality during construction and for acceptance tests of the solar field. The methods have been applied on EuroTrough collectors, cross checked, and compared. This paper summarizes results in collector shape measurement, flux measurement, ray tracing, and thermal performance analysis for parabolic troughs. It is shown that the measurement methods and the parameter analysis give consistent results. The interpretation of the results and their annual evaluation give hints on identified relevant improvement potentials for the following generation of solar power plant collectors.

Parabolic Trough Analysis and Enhancement Techniques

Solar Energy ◽  
2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eckhard Lu¨pfert ◽  
Klaus Pottler ◽  
Steffen Ulmer ◽  
Klaus-J. Riffelmann ◽  
Andreas Neumann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ray Tracing ◽  
Flux Measurement ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Shape Measurement ◽  
Thermal Testing ◽  
Solar Power Plant ◽  
Parabolic Trough ◽  
Solar Field ◽  
Prototype Evaluation ◽  
Acceptance Tests

Analysis of geometry and optical properties of solar parabolic trough collectors uses a number of specific techniques that have demonstrated to be useful tools in prototype evaluation. These are based on photogrammetry, flux mapping, ray-tracing, and advanced thermal testing. They can be used to assure the collector quality during construction and for acceptance tests of the solar field. The methods have been applied on EuroTrough collectors, cross-checked and compared. This paper summarizes results in collector shape measurement, flux-measurement, ray-tracing, and thermal performance analysis for parabolic troughs. It is shown that the measurement methods and the parameter analysis give consistent results. The interpretation of the results and their annual evaluation give hints on identified relevant improvement potentials for the following generation of solar power plant collectors.

Comparative Flux Measurement and Raytracing for the Characterization of the Focal Region of Solar Parabolic Trough Collectors

Solar Energy ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eckhard Lu¨pfert ◽  
Andreas Neumann ◽  
Klaus-J. Riffelmann ◽  
Steffen Ulmer
Keyword(s):  
Ray Tracing ◽  
Flux Distribution ◽  
Flux Measurement ◽  
Focal Region ◽  
Parabolic Trough ◽  
Surface Data ◽  
Attractive Option ◽  
Reflector Surface ◽  
Significant Measure ◽  
Solar Field

The focal region of parabolic trough collectors is extended over the whole length of the concentrator. This complicates the measurement of the flux distribution on the absorber of such solar collectors. However, in order to optimize the solar field output it is essential to study the effects of absorber geometry and concentrator precision on the optical performance of parabolic trough collectors. The intercept factor of radiation with the absorber is a significant measure for this. In this paper we present and compare three methods, a ray-tracing simulation model and two measurement systems, to assess the flux distribution in the focal region, from which the intercept factor can be calculated. Using real reflector surface data from photogrammetry, the ray-tracing results show very detailed flux maps that are in agreement with measured flux distribution in the focal area. Thus, collector optimization with ray tracing tools becomes an attractive option.

Experimental Verification of Optical Modeling of Parabolic Trough Collectors by Flux Measurement

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Schiricke ◽  
Robert Pitz-Paal ◽  
Eckhard Lüpfert ◽  
Klaus Pottler ◽  
Markus Pfänder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Distribution ◽  
Flux Density ◽  
Ray Tracing ◽  
Fiber Optics ◽  
Flux Measurement ◽  
Measured Temperature ◽  
Parabolic Trough ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Good Spatial Resolution ◽  
Flux Density Distribution

In order to optimize the solar field output of parabolic trough collectors (PTCs), it is essential to study the influence of collector and absorber geometry on the optical performance. The optical ray-tracing model of PTC conceived for this purpose uses photogrammetrically measured concentrator geometry in commercial Monte Carlo ray-tracing software. The model has been verified with measurements of a scanning flux measurement system, measuring the solar flux density distribution close to the focal line of the PTC. The tool uses fiber optics and a charged coupled device camera to scan the focal area of a PTC module. Since it is able to quantitatively detect spilled light with good spatial resolution, it provides an evaluation of the optical efficiency of the PTC. For comparison of ray-tracing predictions with measurements, both flux maps and collector geometry have been measured under identical conditions on the Eurotrough prototype collector at the Plataforma Solar de Almería. The verification of the model is provided by three methods: the comparison of measured intercept factors with corresponding simulations, comparison of measured flux density distributions with corresponding ray-tracing predictions, and comparison of thermographically measured temperature distribution on the absorber surface with flux density distribution predicted for this surface. Examples of sensitivity studies performed with the validated model are shown.

Validation of Optical Modeling of Parabolic Trough Collectors by Flux Measurement

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjo¨rn Schiricke ◽  
Robert Pitz-Paal ◽  
Eckhard Lu¨pfert ◽  
Andreas Neumann ◽  
Klaus Pottler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Distribution ◽  
Flux Density ◽  
Ray Tracing ◽  
Fiber Optics ◽  
Flux Measurement ◽  
Measured Temperature ◽  
Parabolic Trough ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Good Spatial Resolution ◽  
Flux Density Distribution

In order to optimize the solar field output of parabolic trough collectors (PTC) it is essential to study the influence of collector and absorber geometry on the optical performance. The optical ray-tracing model of PTC conceived for this purpose uses photogrammetrically measured concentrator geometry in commercial Monte Carlo ray tracing software. The model has been validated with measurements of a scanning flux measurement system, measuring the solar flux density distribution close to the focal line of the PTC. The tool uses fiber optics and a CCD-camera to scan the focal area of a PTC module. Since it is able to quantitatively detect spilled light with good spatial resolution it provides an evaluation of the optical efficiency of the PTC. For comparison of ray tracing predictions with measurements, both flux maps and collector geometry have been measured under identical conditions on the Eurotrough prototype collector at PSA. The validation of the model is provided by three methods: the comparison of measured intercept factors with corresponding simulations; comparison of measured flux density distributions with corresponding ray tracing predictions; and comparison of thermographically measured temperature distribution on the absorber surface with flux density distribution predicted for this surface. Examples of sensitivity studies performed with the validated model are shown.

Modeling and Thermal Performance Analysis of Parabolic trough Solar Field with Single-Axis Tracked

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 101-108
Author(s):  
Jian Mao ◽  
Hong Juan Hou ◽  
Ji Feng Song ◽  
Song Gao
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Parabolic Trough ◽  
Thermal Output ◽  
Solar Field ◽  
Performance Calculation ◽  
Mathematical Derivation ◽  
Direct Solar Irradiation

In this paper, a model of parabolic trough solar field with single-axis tracked was developed based on detailed mathematical derivation. A software tool is also developed for its performance calculation. By the model and software, the direct solar irradiation (DNI) intercepted by the collectors and the thermal output can be obtained for a given solar field under different tracking mode. To obtain the characters of the solar field performance with different tracking modes and regions, the annual performance of the solar field is evaluated for different sites in China such as Beijing, Lhasa. Besides that, the effect of the space between collector rows on thermal output of a solar field is also discussed.

Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan Pada Unit Perijinan Angkutan Dan Kendaraan Wajib Uji Dinas Perhubungan Kabupaten Karanganyar

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fachry Prasetyo ◽  
Priyanto Susiloadi
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Good Service ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
User Community ◽  
Customer Perceptions ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction

Good service quality in public services will give an impetus to the user community to give a good assessment. Good service by the State Civil Servants (ASN) in the Transportation Obligatory Licensing Unit (UPAKWU) in the Karanganyar District Transportation Department was apparently still receiving complaints from the service user community. This shows that there are still some shortcomings in the implementation of the service system in the office. The sampling technique uses accidental sampling method. The data used are primary data obtained directly from respondents by providing a list of questions or questionnaires. Data analysis techniques using Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) are used to measure the level of satisfaction of someone over the performance of other parties, and Cartesian Diagrams to determine service indicators that satisfy or do not satisfy consumers. The results showed that: Service quality in UPAKWU Karanganyar Regency according to customer perceptions has not been satisfactory, despite having good service performance / above average. This is based on the results of the Importance Performance Analysis analysis which gets a result of 94.36% (Total Tki

Field hockey from the performance analyst’s perspective: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
pp. 174795412110089
Author(s):  
Felicity Lord ◽  
David B Pyne ◽  
Marijke Welvaert ◽  
Jocelyn K Mara
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Field Hockey ◽  
Sport Science ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Temporal Variables ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Field hockey is an evolving sport, but it is unclear whether performance analysis techniques are reflective of current best practice. The objective of this review was to identify performance analysis methods used in field hockey, assess their practicality, and provide recommendations on their implementation in the field. A systematic search of the databases SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, Scopus, MEDLINE and PubMed was performed. Key words addressed performance analysis methods and field hockey, with all other disciplines of sport science excluded. A total of 8 articles were identified from the systematic review. Three studies explored patterns of play in relation to goal scoring opportunities, two articles examined penalty corner strategies and three compared specific actions in hockey. The limited performance analysis research in field hockey has focused on game actions in patterns of play. However, greater insights may be gained by analysing hockey using a holistic approach that incorporates spatio-temporal variables and player-opposition interactions. There is an opportunity to employ novel performance analysis techniques in hockey which provide more practical and effective approaches for analysing strategies and tactics.

Design Point for Predicting Year-Round Performance of Solar Parabolic Trough Concentrator Systems

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Men Wirz ◽  
Matthew Roesle ◽  
Aldo Steinfeld
Keyword(s):  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Parabolic Trough ◽  
Specific System ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Operating Condition ◽  
Average Efficiency ◽  
Design Point ◽  
Yearly Average ◽  
Solar Field

Thermal efficiencies of the solar field of two different parabolic trough concentrator (PTC) systems are evaluated for a variety of operating conditions and geographical locations, using a detailed 3D heat transfer model. Results calculated at specific design points are compared to yearly average efficiencies determined using measured direct normal solar irradiance (DNI) data as well as an empirical correlation for DNI. It is shown that the most common choices of operating conditions at which solar field performance is evaluated, such as the equinox or the summer solstice, are inadequate for predicting the yearly average efficiency of the solar field. For a specific system and location, the different design point efficiencies vary significantly and differ by as much as 11.5% from the actual yearly average values. An alternative simple method is presented of determining a representative operating condition for solar fields through weighted averages of the incident solar radiation. For all tested PTC systems and locations, the efficiency of the solar field at the representative operating condition lies within 0.3% of the yearly average efficiency. Thus, with this procedure, it is possible to accurately predict year-round performance of PTC systems using a single design point, while saving computational effort. The importance of the design point is illustrated by an optimization study of the absorber tube diameter, where different choices of operating conditions result in different predicted optimum absorber diameters.

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