On the Interaction of Water Waves With a Surface-Parallel Vortex

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Warncke Lang ◽  
William D. Thacker

An experimental study was performed to investigate the interaction of water waves with a surface-parallel oriented vortex at a free surface. Shadowgraph images were obtained visualizing surface deformations. The role of vortex strength and the direction of approach of the waves were investigated. For favorable waves, with flow velocity at crests parallel to vortex flow, surface deformations were weaker, lasted longer than for a vortex without waves, and were characterized at late times by the appearance of surface-normal vortices. For unfavorable waves incident on the vortex from the other side, surface deformations were stronger and dissipated more quickly.

1972 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
T. Barnum ◽  
H. G. Elrod

This paper describes an experiment performed to verify the theory for the response of an infinitely wide, perfectly flexible foil to small sinusoidal variations in its tension, as developed in reference [3]. A fixed foil with a rotating drum was used. The tension was oscillated by varying the pressure in a loop of foil at one end with a fixed support at the other. The height of the foil from the drum was measured with a capacitance probe. The results agree substantially with reference [3] especially as to frequency and decay rate of the waves in the foil. However, the theory does not consider the effects of standing waves which can occur in the sections of foil between the supports and drum.


Interpreting ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Díaz-Galaz ◽  
Presentacion Padilla ◽  
M. Teresa Bajo

Current comprehension models recognize the role of prior topic-specific knowledge in the processing of general and specialized discourse (e.g. Gernsbacher 1990; Johnson-Laird 1983; Kintsch 1988). In interpreting, there is widespread consensus that interpreters work better when they prepare in advance. However, research on how preparation affects interpreting has encountered such methodological challenges as high variability and the need for appropriately sensitive measures and tasks (Gile 2005). This article reports an experimental study to assess the effect of advance preparation on simultaneous interpreting of specialized speeches, comparing seven professional interpreters and sixteen interpreting students. All participants did two simultaneous interpretations, into Spanish (their ‘A’ language) from English, of presentations from scientific congresses: one with preparation materials provided half an hour beforehand, the other without preparation. Each source text contained both ‘neutral’ and ‘difficult’ speech segments (the three types of difficulty being terminology, syntactic complexity and lack of redundancy). Dependent variables were accuracy of interpretation and length of ear-voice span (EVS), the rationale being that longer EVS probably reflects processing difficulties. The results show that both groups worked significantly better after advance preparation, this being reflected both in accuracy and in ability to maintain a shorter EVS. Interaction between preparation and type of difficulty was also examined.


PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0247703
Author(s):  
Eleanor Leigh ◽  
Kenny Chiu ◽  
David M. Clark

Background Self-focused attention and safety behaviours are both associated with adolescent social anxiety. In adults, experimental studies have indicated that the processes are causally implicated in social anxiety, but this hypothesis has not yet been tested in a youth sample. Methods This experiment explored this possibility by asking high and low socially anxious adolescents (N = 57) to undertake conversations under different conditions. During one conversation they were instructed to focus on themselves and use safety behaviours, and in the other they focused externally and did not use safety behaviours. Self-report, conversation partner report and independent assessor ratings were taken. Results Self-focus and safety behaviours increased feelings and appearance of anxiety and undermined performance for all participants, but only high socially anxious participants reported habitually using self-focus and safety behaviours. Conclusions The findings provide support for the causal role of self-focus and safety behaviours in adolescent social anxiety and point to the potential clinical value of techniques reversing them to treat the disorder.


2019 ◽  
pp. 63-82
Author(s):  
Ernesto Cardamone ◽  
Gaetano "Nino" Miceli ◽  
Maria Antonietta Raimondo

This research aims to understand the role of social groups in the relationships between human density and willingness to stay in the store and vice vs. virtue choices. We suggest that scholars and managers must consider not only how many customers compose the crowd (i.e., human density), but also how they relate with the other customers in the crowd (i.e., social groups). Results of an experimental study demonstrate that higher human density increases willingness to stay when ingroup and aspirational group members compose the crowd. Moreover, higher human density leads to choose more vice and virtue products in presence of dissociative and aspirational groups members, respectively. Our research shows that social factors play an important role in the analysis of human density on consumer reactions.


2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Kaltsa ◽  
Ianthi Maria Tsimpli ◽  
Froso Argyri

Abstract The aim of this experimental study is to examine the development of Greek gender in bilingual English-Greek and German-Greek children. Four gender production tasks were designed, two targeting gender assignment eliciting determiners and two targeting gender agreement eliciting predicate adjectives for real and novel nouns. Participant performance was assessed in relation to whether the ‘other’ language was a gender language or not (English vs. German) along with the role of the bilinguals’ Greek vocabulary knowledge and language input. The results are argued to contribute significantly to disentangling the role of crosslinguistic influence in gender assignment and agreement by bringing together a variety of input measures such as early and current amount of exposure to Greek, the role of area of residence (i.e. whether Greek is the minority or the majority language), the effect of maternal education and the amount of exposure to Greek in a school setting.


Babel ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Shields

Abstract A quarrel broke out in 1993 in the French literary press concerning the respective merits of two French translations of The Waves (1931). The first translation was by Yourcenar (1937) and the second by Wajsbrot (1993). Two contrasting conceptions of translating are apparent in the critics' positions, and also in the theory and practice (whether explicit or implicit) of the two translators. For Yourcenar, Woolf's text is part of an English literary system which is to be introduced to the French system. As a translator and author her role is to introduce Woolf to a French public. Wajsbrot, on the other hand, considers Woolf as an outstanding artist representative of the genius of the English language. The corollary is that the translator should make himself or herself invisible. These two positions can be related to two conceptions of the translator, the formalist and the romantic, respectively. From 1937 to 1993, the metaphors used indicate the decline of a formalist conception of translation in favour of an idea of the role of the translator which dates from romanticism. Which conception produces the better translation? Résumé En 1993 une querelle a agité la presse littéraire française concernant la valeur des deux traductions de The Waves (1931), celle de Yourcenar (1937) et celle de Wajsbrot (1993). Deux conceptions opposées de la traduction se manifestent dans les arguments dont se servent les critiques ainsi que dans la pratique et la théorie (que cette théorie soit explicite ou implicite) des deux traducteurs. Pour Yourcenar le texte de Woolf fait partie d'un système littéraire anglais qu'il faut introduire dans le système littéraire français. Comme traductrice et auteur, son rôle est donc d'introduire Woolf à un public français. Wajsbrot considère Woolf comme artiste extraordinaire qui représente le génie de la langue anglaise et devant qui la traductrice doit s'effacer. Ces deux conceptions de la traduction peuvent être rapprochées d'une part, d'une position formaliste, d'autre part d'une position romantique. De 1937 à 1993, les métaphores employées par les deux traductrices, et par les critiques, marquent le recul d'une conception formaliste de la traduction en faveur d'une conception du rôle du traducteur qui date du romantisme. Quelle conception produit la meilleure traduction?


1995 ◽  
Vol 74 (05) ◽  
pp. 1271-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
C M A Henkens ◽  
V J J Bom ◽  
W van der Schaaf ◽  
P M Pelsma ◽  
C Th Smit Sibinga ◽  
...  

SummaryWe measured total and free protein S (PS), protein C (PC) and factor X (FX) in 393 healthy blood donors to assess differences in relation to sex, hormonal state and age. All measured proteins were lower in women as compared to men, as were levels in premenopausal women as compared to postmenopausal women. Multiple regression analysis showed that both age and subgroup (men, pre- and postmenopausal women) were of significance for the levels of total and free PS and PC, the subgroup effect being caused by the differences between the premenopausal women and the other groups. This indicates a role of sex-hormones, most likely estrogens, in the regulation of levels of pro- and anticoagulant factors under physiologic conditions. These differences should be taken into account in daily clinical practice and may necessitate different normal ranges for men, pre- and postmenopausal women.


1998 ◽  
pp. 61-62
Author(s):  
N. S. Jurtueva

In the XIV century. centripetal tendencies began to appear in the Moscow principality. Inside the Russian church, several areas were distinguished. Part of the clergy supported the specificobar form. The other understood the need for transformations in society. As a result, this led to a split in the Russian church in the 15th century for "non-possessors" and "Josephites". The former linked the fate of the future with the ideology of hesychasm and its moral transformation, while the latter sought support in alliance with a strong secular power.


2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Feldman

This paper is a contribution to the growing literature on the role of projective identification in understanding couples' dynamics. Projective identification as a defence is well suited to couples, as intimate partners provide an ideal location to deposit unwanted parts of the self. This paper illustrates how projective identification functions differently depending on the psychological health of the couple. It elucidates how healthier couples use projective identification more as a form of communication, whereas disturbed couples are inclined to employ it to invade and control the other, as captured by Meltzer's concept of "intrusive identification". These different uses of projective identification affect couples' capacities to provide what Bion called "containment". In disturbed couples, partners serve as what Meltzer termed "claustrums" whereby projections are not contained, but imprisoned or entombed in the other. Applying the concept of claustrum helps illuminate common feelings these couples express, such as feeling suffocated, stifled, trapped, held hostage, or feeling as if the relationship is killing them. Finally, this paper presents treatment challenges in working with more disturbed couples.


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