Hybrid Approach to Plant Layout Design Using Constraint-Directed Search and an Optimization Technique

1994 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 1026-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Fujita ◽  
S. Akagi ◽  
T. Nakatogawa

A hybrid type approach to plant layout design is presented using a constraint-directed search procedure and a mathematical optimization technique. In layout design, a plant must be arranged to satisfy spatial constraints imposed by its components. In our approach the whole space of a plant building is divided into the finite compartments with a modular size in order to separate the description of the layout into the combinatorial part and the sizing part. The approach consists of two steps. In the first step, a constraint-directed search procedure is applied to find a combinatorial solution among plant components so as to satisfy the spatial layout conditions. In the second step, an optimization technique is applied to determine the actual dimensions of components so as to minimize a measure of an overall size of a plant building considering size of components. The approach is implemented with an object-oriented programming environment and the system can automatically produce a layout from the declarative representation of layout conditions. Finally, the approach has been applied to the design of a nuclear power plant in order to check its validity and effectiveness.

Author(s):  
Kikuo Fujita ◽  
Shinsuke Akagi ◽  
Hiroaki Hase ◽  
Tetsundo Nakatogawa ◽  
Makoto Takeuchi

Abstract A hybrid type approach to plant layout design is presented with a constraint-directed search procedure and a mathematical optimization technique. In layout design, a plant must be arranged to satisfy spatial constraints imposed by its components. In our approach the whole space of a plant building is divided into the finite compartments with a modular size in order to separate the description of the layout into the combinational part and the dimensional part. According to it, the approach consists of two steps. In the first step, a constraint-directed search procedure is applied for fixing the combinational relations among plant components so as to satisfy the spatial layout conditions. In the second step, an optimization technique is applied for determining the actual dimensions of compartments so as to minimize size of a plant building considering size of components. In the optimization, mixed-integer programming and sequential linear programing are combined and the formulation is carried out automatically from the result of the first step. This hybrid approach has been applied to the design of a nuclear power plant in order to check its validity and effectiveness.


Author(s):  
Shinsuke Akagi ◽  
Kikuo Fujita ◽  
Tetsundo Nakatogawa ◽  
Motohiro Inoue

Abstract This paper presents an approach to plant layout design based on constraint-directed search. In layout design, the plant has to be arranged to satisfy spatial constraints imposed by the plant components. In our approach, the layout space is divided into finite compartments with a modular size, and the problem is treated as a search problem to assign the facilities to the set of compartments under various constraints. For the classification of the constraints we have implemented a prototype system which introduces a depth-first search algorithm and the concept of layout potential. This has been applied to the design of a nuclear power plant in order to check its validity and effectiveness.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.27) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Pratiksha Sharma ◽  
Er. Arshpreet Kaur

Detection of bad smells refers to any indication in the program code of a execution that perhaps designate a issue, maintain the software and software evolution. Code Smell detection is a main challenging for software developers and their informal classification direct to the designing of various smell detection methods and software tools. It appraises 4 code smell detection tool in software like as a in Fusion, JDeodorant, PMD and Jspirit. In this research proposes a method for detection the bad code smells in software is called as code smell. Bad smell detection in software, OOSMs are used to identify the Source Code whereby Plug-in were implemented for code detection in which position of program initial code the bad smell appeared so that software refactoring can then acquire position. Classified the code smell, as a type of codes: long method, PIH, LPL, LC, SS and GOD class etc. Detection of the code smell and as a result applying the correct detection phases when require is significant to enhance the Quality of the code or program. The various tool has been proposed for detection of the code smell each one featured by particular properties. The main objective of this research work described our proposed method on using various tools for code smell detection. We find the major differences between them and dissimilar consequences we attained. The major drawback of current research work is that it focuses on one particular language which makes them restricted to one kind of programs only. These tools fail to detect the smelly code if any kind of change in environment is encountered. The base paper compares the most popular code smell detection tools on basis of various factors like accuracy, False Positive Rate etc. which gives a clear picture of functionality these tools possess. In this paper, a unique technique is designed to identify CSs. For this purpose, various object-oriented programming (OOPs)-based-metrics with their maintainability index are used. Further, code refactoring and optimization technique are applied to obtain low maintainability Index. Finally, the proposed scheme is evaluated to achieve satisfactory results. The results of the BFOA test defined that the lazy class caused framework defects in DLS, DR, and SE. However, the LPL caused no framework defects what so ever. The consequences of the connection rules test searched that the LCCS (Lazy Class Code Smell) caused structured defects in DE and DLS, which corresponded to the consequences of the BFOA test. In this research work, a proposed method is designed to verify the code smell. For this purpose, different OOPs based Software Metrics with their MI (Maintainability Index) are utilized. Further Code refactoring and optimization method id applied to attained the less maintainability index and evaluated to achieved satisfactory results.    


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