Two-Step Optimization for Wind Turbine Blade With Probability Approach

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki-Hak Lee ◽  
Kyu-Hong Kim ◽  
Dong-Ho Lee ◽  
Kyung-Tae Lee ◽  
Jong-Po Park
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Wind Turbine Blade ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Probability Approach ◽  
Strip Theory

A horizontal-axis wind turbine blade is designed using two step optimization procedures with probability approach. For the efficient management of the multiple design variables required for the blade design, the design procedure is divided into two optimization steps. In step 1, the diameter and rotating speed of a blade are determined and design points are extracted from the design space. In step 2-1, blade shapes are optimized by using the strip theory with the minimum energy loss method. The capacity factor and the cost model for each optimized blade shape are calculated in steps 2-2 and 2-3, respectively. To find the global optimum point in the design space, the space is modified into a highly possible region through the use of the probability approach.

A Study on Aerodynamic and Structural Design of High Efficiency Composite Blade of 1 MW Class HAWTS Considering Fatigue Life

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changduk Kong ◽  
Minwoong Kim ◽  
Gilsu Park
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Wind Turbine Blade ◽  
Structural Safety ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Composite Blade

In this work, 1 MW class horizontal axis wind turbine blade configuration is properly sized and analyzed using the newly proposed aerodynamic design procedure and the in-house code developed by authors, and its design results are verified through comparison with experimental results of the previously developed wind turbine blade. The wind turbine structural design is carried out using the Glass/Epoxy composite materials and the simplified deign methods by the netting rule and the rule of mixture. The structural safety of the designed blade structure is investigated through the various load case studies, and stress, deformation, buckling and vibration analyses using a commercial FEM code, MSC.NASTRAN. Finally the required 20 years fatigue life is confirmed using the modified Spera’s empirical formulae.

Simplified Procedure to Estimate the Wind Turbine Blade Aerodynamic Loadings Without Using CFD

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fouad Mohammad ◽  
Emmanuel Ayorinde
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Wind Turbine Blade ◽  
Aerodynamic Load ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Flow Angle ◽  
Blade Length ◽  
The Right

The aerodynamic loadings that act on the blade of a horizontal axis wind turbine change as a function of time due to the instantaneous change of the wind speed, the wind direction and the blade position. The new contribution in this study is the introduction of a simplified non CFD based procedure for the calculation of all the aerodynamic loadings acting on a wind turbine blade. The premise of the current simplified model is that (a) the forces can be modeled by a set of point loads rather than distributed pressures, and (b) the magnitudes of these point loads can be estimated using the below load formulas, (c) an interpolation scheme needed to have all computed forces and moments as a function of the blade lengthwise x. Considering a 14m blade length and utilizing a time dependent set of parameters such as angle of attack, material and air density, wind and blade speed, flow angle, yaw, pitch angles, the centrifugal forces (along x-direction of the blade length), the cross-sectional forces (Fy and Fz) and the twisting moment of the blade (about the x-direction) were calculated for each of all the given time steps. After that the authors explain how to interpolate the calculated loadings (forces and twisting moment) and the right formulas to compute the aerodynamic load vector (the right side of the dynamic equations of motion).

scholarly journals Numerical simulation of icing effect on aerodynamic characteristics of a wind turbine blade

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (6 Part B) ◽  
pp. 4643-4650
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Lei Shi ◽  
Wen-Feng Guo ◽  
Kotaro Tagawa ◽  
Bin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Aerodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Wind Turbine Blade ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Lift And Drag ◽  
Lift And Drag Coefficient

Icing accretion on wind turbine will degrade its performance, resulting in reduction of output power and even leading to accidents. For solving this problem, it is necessary to predict the icing type and shape on wind turbine blade, and evaluate the variation of aerodynamic characteristics. In this paper the icing types and shapes in presence of airfoil, selected from blade of 1.5 MW horizontal-axis wind turbine, are simulated under different ambient temperatures and icing time lengths. Based on the icing simulation results, the aerodynamic characteristics of icing airfoils are simulated, including lift and drag coefficient, lift-drag ratio, etc. The simulation results show that the glaze ice with two horns presents on airfoil under high ambient temperature such as -5?C. When ambient temperatures are low, such as -10?C and -15?C, the rime ices with streamline profiles present on the airfoil. With increase in icing time the lift forces and coefficients decrease, and the drag ones increase. According to the variations of lift-drag ratios of icing airfoil, the aerodynamic performance of airfoil deteriorates in the presence of icing. The glaze ice has great effect on aerodynamic characteristics of airfoil. The research findings lay theoretical foundation for icing wind tunnel experiment.

scholarly journals Unsteady Flow and Vibration Analysis of the Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbine Blade under the Fluid-Structure Interaction

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Rui Zhu ◽  
Da-duo Chen ◽  
Shi-wei Wu
Keyword(s):  
Unsteady Flow ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Wind Turbine Blade ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Leeward Side ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Fluid Structure ◽  
Fluid Field ◽  
Stress Fluctuation

A 1.5 MW horizontal-axis wind turbine blade and fluid field model are established to study the difference in the unsteady flow field and structural vibration of the wind turbine blade under one- and two-way fluid-structure interactions. The governing equations in fluid field and the motion equations in structural were developed, and the corresponding equations were discretized with the Galerkin method. Based on ANSYS CFX fluid dynamics and mechanical structural dynamics calculation software, the effects of couplings on the aerodynamic and vibration characteristics of the blade are compared and analyzed in detail. Results show that pressure distributions at different sections of the blade are concentrated near the leading edge, and the leeward side of two-way coupling is slightly higher than that of one-way coupling. Deformation along the blade span shows a nonlinear change under the coupling effect. The degree of amplitude attenuation in two-way coupling is significantly greater than that in one-way coupling because of the existence of aerodynamic damping. However, the final amplitude is still higher than the one-way coupling. The Mises stress fluctuation in the windward and leeward sides is more obvious than one-way coupling, and the discrepancy must not be ignored.

Control Framework and Integrative Design Method for an Adaptive Wind Turbine Blade

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Khakpour Nejadkhaki ◽  
John F. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Wind Turbine Blade ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Angle Distribution ◽  
Control Framework ◽  
Integrative Design

Abstract A control framework and integrative design method for an adaptive wind turbine blade is presented. The blade is adapted by actively transforming the twist angle distribution (TAD) along the blade. This can alleviate fatigue loads and improve wind capture. In this paper, we focus on wind capture. The proposed design concept consists of a rigid spar that is surrounded by a series of flexible blade sections. Each section has two zones of stiffness. The sections are actuated at each end to deform the TAD. A quasi-static control technique is proposed for the TAD. The controller sets the position of the blade actuators that shape the TAD during steady-state operation. A design procedure is used to define the required TAD as a function of the wind speed. This is based on an optimization procedure that minimizes the deviation between the actual TAD and that found in the aerodynamic design. The design inputs for this optimization problem include the stiffness for each zone of the section, and the actuator locations along the blade. Given the optimal TAD at each wind speed, the free position of the blade is established using a dynamic programming technique. The position is selected based on minimal actuation energy according to wind conditions at any installation site. The proposed framework is demonstrated using a National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) certified wind turbine model with recorded wind data. An increase in efficiency of 3.8% with only a deviation of 0.34% from the aerodynamic TAD is observed.

A Preliminary Study on Small Thermoplastic Composite Wind Turbine Blade Design and Fabrication

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Garate ◽  
Stephen A. Solovitz ◽  
Dave Kim
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Chord Length ◽  
Wind Turbine Blade ◽  
Thermoplastic Composite ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Limit Condition ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Turbine Blade Design

Today a large-scale wind turbine blade can be 70 m long and 5 m in root chord length, and it is fabricated in a single piece. This feature leads to high initial costs, as transportation of a large blade requires special trucks, escorts, and road adaptations. These constraints can account for approximately 6–7% of the total investment for the blade. In addition, the manufacturing process commonly used is a hand lay-up configuration of thermoset composite sheets. These materials are not reusable after fabrication, which is a non-renewable feature of existing systems. The project consists of manufacturing thermoplastic composite blades in segments, which are joined before installation at the turbine site. This paper addresses the preliminary research results when conducting design and fabrication of a small blade with this innovative approach. Three segmented blades are manufactured for a horizontal-axis wind turbine, with each blade having a 50 cm span and a 4 cm tip chord length. The blade size and profile are designed based on the idealized Betz limit condition. The material used for manufacturing is a glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite system with a polypropylene matrix that melts at 200 °C. Each blade is fabricated in 4 independently manufactured pieces, consisting of top/bottom, and tip/root segments, via a vacuum assisted thermoforming technique. The parts will be assembled afterwards by a joining process, forming the final part for site testing.

Review of aerodynamic developments on small horizontal axis wind turbine blade

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 801-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Karthikeyan ◽  
K. Kalidasa Murugavel ◽  
S. Arun Kumar ◽  
S. Rajakumar
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Wind Turbine Blade ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine
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