Effect of Administration Method on Near Point of Convergence Scores in a Healthy, Active, Young Adult Population

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 156-161
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Phillips ◽  
Kelly Cheever ◽  
Jamie McKeon ◽  
Ryan Tierney
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Young Adult Population ◽  
Administration Method ◽  
Administration Methods

Near point of convergence (NPC) is an emerging concussion assessment tool and researchers have reported NPC scores using different administration methods which may influence assessment interpretation. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of different administrative methods on NPC scores in healthy, active young adults. NPC was measured using two different accommodative rulers and a fingertip, with three different placements. No significant difference in NPC score was observed between rulers. Significant differences were observed between ruler placements. Furthermore, fingertip use was significantly different compared to all ruler placements.

scholarly journals Effect of target type on near point of convergence in a healthy, active, young adult population

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Phillips ◽  
Ryan Tierney
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Target Type ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Young Adult Population ◽  
Line P

Purpose: Measuring near point of convergence (NPC) has recently emerged as a concussion assessment tool. Differences in administration of the test can be seen within the literature, which may affect results and normative values. There has been little investigation examining if clinically accessible target types affects NPC and no examination of NPC in a healthy, active young adult population. Methods: NPC was measured in 39 subjects using 5 different targets two times each with an accommodative ruler. Results: NPC ranged from 1.5-10cm in this population with an overall mean of 5.9+-1.6 cm. There were significant differences between the middle sized font and the line (p = .024) and pen (p = .047), and also between the largest sized font and the line (p = .026). Conclusion: For physically active young adults, the measurement of NPC is affected by target type.

scholarly journals How are Young Adults in Pakistan dealing with COVID-19: An Online Survey Assessing the Impact of Demographic Characteristics and Sources of Information on Awareness and Behaviors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ria Angeline Martins ◽  
Russell Seth Martins ◽  
Syeda Maryam Zehra Zaidi ◽  
Scheryar Saqib ◽  
Aiman Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Young Adult Population ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background:The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has impacted a large majority of Pakistan’s population, with one particular demographic of stakeholders being the country’s young adult population. Our study looks to understand levels COVID-19-related awareness, perceptions, and behaviors, and sources of COVID-19-related knowledge, amongst Pakistan’s young adult population.Methods:This survey was conducted by the Aga Khan University over July-October 2020, via a Google Form disseminated on multiple social media platforms. All respondents aged between 18-35 years and currently residing in Pakistan were included.Results:The questionnaire received a total of 406 responses with the respondents having a mean age of 25.15 ± 5.80 years. 52.5% of the respondents were currently students. The vast majority relied on social media (83.7%), internet blogs/websites (83.3%) and newspapers/television (70.7%) as major sources of information regarding COVID-19. The highest percentage of individuals believed spread was possible through contaminated surfaces (95.3%), while 86.4% believed spread was possible via inhalation of droplets, and 52.0% via close contact with asymptomatic individuals. Alarmingly, 21.9% believed that transmission was possible through contact with packages shipped from China, and 16% believed COVID-19 could be contracted by eating food in Chinese restaurants. Moreover, 24.1% believed COVID-19 to be a biological weapon designed in a laboratory, while 23.9% were unsure.Conclusions: Our survey revealed some deficiencies in the understanding of transmission of SARS-CoV-2, along with racial biases and the prevalence of misinformation. Since young adults play an important role in the global response to the pandemic, our study suggests interventions that target the young adults in Pakistan in an attempt to increase their awareness about the pandemic and help them cope with its effects.

scholarly journals Measuring Impulsivity in Greek Adults: Psychometric Properties of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) and Impulsive Behavior Scale (Short Version of UPPS-P)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1007
Author(s):  
Marianna Tsatali ◽  
Despina Moraitou ◽  
Georgia Papantoniou ◽  
Evangelia Foutsitzi ◽  
Eleni Bonti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Impulsive Behavior ◽  
Barratt Impulsiveness Scale ◽  
Young Adult Population ◽  
Behavior Scale

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to validate the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11th version) scale as well as the short version of the Impulsive Behavior Scale (UPPS-P) in a population of Greek young adults. Secondly, we aimed at validating the BIS-11 in older adults. Methods: 167 (Group 1) university students completed the Greek version of the BIS-11 (BIS-11-G) and the UPPS (UPPS-P-G) scales. Additionally, BIS-11-G was also administered to 167 (Group 2) cognitively intact older adults, to identify whether it could be used to measure impulsivity in an older adult population. Results: Both scales had satisfactory internal reliability and test–retest reliability, as well as convergent validity in the young adult population. In regard to the factor structure, a principal component analysis (PCA) extracted two factors for the BIS-11-G in the young adult population and three factors in older adults, as well as three factors for the short UPPS-P-G in young adults. Conclusions: The BIS-11-G and the UPPS-P-G scales can be used to measure different aspects of impulsivity in the Greek population of different ages in research and clinical practice.

scholarly journals Macular Carotenoids and Cognitive Function in a Young Adult Population (FS05-07-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Ramirez ◽  
Katherine Lightfield ◽  
Krystle Zuniga
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Young Adult Population

Abstract Objectives Improving cognitive health in young adulthood may improve academic and career success and prevent early age-related cognitive decline. A growing body of evidence suggests that the dietary carotenoid lutein may promote cognitive function; however, these studies have primarily been conducted in Non-Hispanic White populations. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between macular pigment optical density (MPOD), a biomarker of lutein status, and cognitive function in a diverse, young adult population. Further, we examined the association between fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake and MPOD scores. Methods In this cross-sectional study, seventy young adults (Mean = 20.2, SD = 2.3 years of age), were recruited from a university in Central Texas. Daily F&V intake were assessed by the NCI fruit and vegetable intake screener. MPOD was measured with heterochromatic flicker photometry. Cognitive performance was assessed with the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery, and fully corrected T-scores that correct for age, gender, race/ethnicity, and education were used for analyses. Participants were split into Low and High MPOD groups based on the MPOD median of the sample. The association between F&V intake and MPOD was assessed by multiple linear regression, including body fat percentage as a covariate. F&V intake as a function of MPOD group was analyzed by ANOVA, and cognitive scores were compared using ANCOVA with BMI as a covariate. Results The sample was primarily female (68.5%) and Caucasian (72.7%), and 40% of the population was Hispanic. The MPOD mean (Mean = 0.39, SD = 0.17) of the sample was above the reported national average of 0.33. Participants consumed approximately 1 cup of fruits and 1 cup of vegetables a day. F&V intake was not correlated with MPOD scores (R2 = −0.03, P = 0.81), and F&V intake did not significantly differ between High and Low MPOD groups. Episodic memory performance was significantly higher in the high MPOD group compared to those with low MPOD (P = 0.041). No other differences were found between the MPOD groups for the other fluid cognitive tests. Conclusions MPOD was not a biomarker for F&V intake which may be due to the overall low intakes of these lutein-containing foods in the young adult sample. Lutein's cognitive benefits in young adults may be domain specific. Funding Sources none.

scholarly journals Vapes, E-cigs, and Mods: What Do Young Adults Call E-cigarettes?

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 848-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L Pearson ◽  
Domonique M Reed ◽  
Andrea C Villanti
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Young Adult Population ◽  
Survey Responses ◽  
Qualitative Responses

Abstract Introduction A diverse class of products, “e-cigarettes” present surveillance and regulatory challenges because of nonstandard terminology used to describe subtypes, especially among young adults, where occasional e-cig use is most prevalent. Methods Young adults (n = 3364) in wave 9 (Spring 2016) of the Truth Initiative Young Adult Cohort were randomized to see two of five photos of common e-cig products (three varieties of first-generation e-cigs and one variety each of second- and third-generation e-cigs). Qualitative responses were coded into nine classifications: “e-cigarette, e-hookah, vape-related, mod, other or more than one kind of e-cig, marijuana-related, non-e-cig tobacco product, misidentified, and don’t know.” We characterized the sample and survey responses and conducted multivariable logistic regression to identify participant characteristics associated with correctly identifying the devices as e-cigs. Data were weighted to represent the young adult population in the United States in 2016. Results The majority of participants identified the pictured devices as some type of e-cig (57.7%–83.6%). The white first-generation e-cig, as well as the second- and third-generation e-cigs caused the greatest confusion, with a large proportion of individuals responding “don’t know” (12.2%–25.1%, depending on device) or misidentifying the e-cig as a non-nicotine product (3.4%–16.1%, depending on device) or non-e-cig tobacco product (1.4%–14.6%, depending on device). Conclusions Accurate surveillance and analyses of the effect of e-cigs on health behavior and outcomes depend on accurate data collection on users’ subtype of e-cig. Carefully chosen images in surveys may improve reporting of e-cig use in population studies. Implications Survey researchers using images to cue respondents, especially young adult respondents, should consider avoiding use of white or colorful first-generation e-cigs, which were commonly misidentified in this research, in preference for black or dark colored first-generation e-cigs, such as the blu brand e-cig. Given the sizable proportion of respondents who classified second- and third-generation e-cigs with terminology related to vaping, surveys specifically aimed at assessing use of these types of e-cigs should include the term “vape” when describing this subclass of devices.

Psychotherapy with College Students

2017 ◽  
pp. 725-730
Author(s):  
Rachel G. Smook
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Adult Mental Health ◽  
Young Adult Population

Psychotherapy with college students and young adults is an important and dynamic niche practice option for mental health professionals. Young adults are navigating crucial human development tasks, and the range of mental health services they often require as they do so is varied and dynamic. Mental health professionals who choose to specialize with the college and young adult population can expect a steady stream of clients in need of services, and with appropriate training and marketing, it is possible to build a busy, successful practice around this clientele. This chapter describes the niche practice area of college and young adult mental health, the author’s history in training and working with this population, and the business and ethical challenges associated with a practice in young adult mental health. Guidance in developing a young adult mental health specialty niche and resources for doing so are also included.

scholarly journals Spanish normative studies in a young adult population (NEURONORMA young adults project): Methods and characteristics of the sample

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 253-260
Author(s):  
J. Peña-Casanova ◽  
M. Casals-Coll ◽  
M. Quintana ◽  
G. Sánchez-Benavides ◽  
T. Rognoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Young Adult Population

scholarly journals Spanish normative studies in a young adult population (NEURONORMA young adults project): Norms for the Boston Naming Test and the Token Test

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 394-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Aranciva ◽  
M. Casals-Coll ◽  
G. Sánchez-Benavides ◽  
M. Quintana ◽  
R.M. Manero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Boston Naming Test ◽  
Young Adult Population ◽  
Token Test ◽  
Naming Test

scholarly journals Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus Markers and Serum Alanine Amino-Transferase (ALT) Levels, in a Young Adult Population of Sylhet District

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-205
Author(s):  
Irin Perveen ◽  
Madhusudan Saha ◽  
Kishore Kumar Dhar ◽  
Md Shamsul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Medical Checkup ◽  
Young Adult Population ◽  
Intermediate Endemicity

Objective: To find out the seroprevalence of the hepatitis B and C viruses in a young adult population along with estimation of aminotransferase levels. And so as to increase the awareness and augment preventive measures against these viral hepatitis related morbidity.Methods: A total of 2611 apparently healthy young adults were screened from January 2010 to December 2010 at a Medical Checkup center of Sylhet for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis C virus antibody (anti HCV), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspertate aminotransferase (AST) levels.Results: Out of 2611 subjects 2536(97.1%) were male and 75(2.9%) were female with comparable mean ages (29.08 vs. 30.6 years, P .056). A total of 77(3.0%) men were HBsAg positive and only four (0.16%) men were positive for anti HCV. Women were all negative for HBsAg or anti HCV. None had co-infection with HBV and HCV. Mean ALT and AST levels of study population were 31.85 I.U./L and 26.18 I.U./L respectively and were not found to vary with age and sex. Mean ALT levels were more in in HBsAg positive cases (42.03 I.U/L vs. 31.5 I.U./L, P .000) and HCV infected cases (49 I.U./L vs. 31.51 I.U./L, P.000) than non-infected persons.Conclusion: Hepatitis B infection is of intermediate endemicity among young adults while hepatitis C virus infection is low among this group. Mean amino transferase levels were higher in asymptomatic infected persons in comparison to non-infected person. We suggest the need for revision of upper limit of normal for ALT in our population for early detection and treatment of liver diseases.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2016; 34(4): 199-205

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