scholarly journals Energy Cost of Common Activities in Children and Adolescents

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Lyden ◽  
Sarah Kozey Keadle ◽  
John Staudenmayer ◽  
Patty Freedson ◽  
Sofiya Alhassan
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Board Games ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
Derived Data

Background:The Compendium of Energy Expenditures for Youth assigns MET values to a wide range of activities. However, only 35% of activity MET values were derived from energy cost data measured in youth; the remaining activities were estimated from adult values.Purpose:To determine the energy cost of common activities performed by children and adolescents and compare these data to similar activities reported in the compendium.Methods:Thirty-two children (8−11 years old) and 28 adolescents (12−16 years) completed 4 locomotion activities on a treadmill (TRD) and 5 age-specific activities of daily living (ADL). Oxygen consumption was measured using a portable metabolic analyzer.Results:In children, measured METs were significantly lower than compendium METs for 3 activities [basketball, bike riding, and Wii tennis (1.1−3.5 METs lower)]. In adolescents, measured METs were significantly lower than compendium METs for 4 ADLs [basketball, bike riding, board games, and Wii tennis (0.3−2.5 METs lower)] and 3 TRDs [2.24 m·s-1, 1.56 m·s-1, and 1.34 m·s-1 (0.4−0.8 METs lower)].Conclusion:The Compendium of Energy Expenditures for Youth is an invaluable resource to applied researchers. Inclusion of empirically derived data would improve the validity of the Compendium of Energy Expenditures for Youth.

scholarly journals Energy Expenditure for 70 Activities in Children and Adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (s1) ◽  
pp. S24-S28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffer Eidi Sasaki ◽  
Cheryl A. Howe ◽  
Dinesh John ◽  
Amanda Hickey ◽  
Jeremy Steeves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Metabolic System ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Consumption Data

Background:Thirty-five percent of the activities assigned MET values in the Compendium of Energy Expenditures for Youth were obtained from direct measurement of energy expenditure (EE). The aim of this study was to provide directly measured EE for several different activities in youth.Methods:Resting metabolic rate (RMR) of 178 youths (80 females, 98 males) was first measured. Participants then performed structured activity bouts while wearing a portable metabolic system to directly measure EE. Steady-state oxygen consumption data were used to compute activity METstandard (activity VO2/3.5) and METmeasured (activity VO2/measured RMR) for the different activities.Results:Rates of EE were measured for 70 different activities and ranged from 1.9 to 12.0 METstandard and 1.5 to 10.0 METmeasured.Conclusion:This study provides directly measured energy cost values for 70 activities in children and adolescents. It contributes empirical data to support the expansion of the Compendium of Energy Expenditures for Youth.

scholarly journals Depressive symptoms, emotional support and activities of daily living disability onset: 15-year follow-up of the Bambuí (Brazil) Cohort Study of Aging

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Lustosa Torres ◽  
Erico Castro-Costa ◽  
Juliana Vaz de Melo Mambrini ◽  
Sérgio William Viana Peixoto ◽  
Breno Satler de Oliveira Diniz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Wide Range

Psychosocial factors appear to be associated with increased risk of disability in later life. However, there is a lack of evidence based on long-term longitudinal data from Western low-middle income countries. We investigated whether psychosocial factors at baseline predict new-onset disability in long term in a population-based cohort of older Brazilians adults. We used 15-year follow-up data from 1,014 participants aged 60 years and older of the Bambuí (Brazil) Cohort Study of Aging. Limitations on activities of daily living (ADL) were measured annually, comprising 9,252 measures. Psychosocial factors included depressive symptoms, social support and social network. Potential covariates included sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, cognitive function and a physical health score based on 10 self-reported and objectively measured medical conditions. Statistical analysis was based on competitive-risk framework, having death as the competing risk event. Baseline depressive symptoms and emotional support from the closest person were both associated with future ADL disability, independently of potential covariates wide range. The findings showed a clear graded association, in that the risk gradually increased from low emotional support alone (sub-hazard ratio - SHR = 1.11; 95%CI: 1.01; 1.45) to depressive symptoms alone (SHR = 1.52; 95%CI: 1.13; 2.01) and then to both factors combined (SHR = 1.61; 95%CI: 1.18; 2.18). Marital status and social network size were not associated with incident disability. In a population of older Brazilian adults, lower emotional support and depressive symptoms have independent predictive value for subsequent disability in very long term.

Energy metabolism in college girls

1961 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachchidananda Banerjee ◽  
Anita Barua ◽  
Arati Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Household Work ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Total Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Work Done

Energy expenditures during different activities of 24 college girls were determined by measurement of oxygen consumption. The energy cost of various activities expressed as Calories per square meter of body surface per hour was as follows: basal metabolic rate (BMR), 28.75 α 0.47; lying at rest, 30.95 α 0.60; sitting at rest, 36.03 α 0.66; sitting at study, 34.59 α 0.63; sitting at household work, 80.71 α 3.50; standing at laboratory work, 48.71 α 2.70; walking, 110.27 α 2.70; ascending stairs, 137.83 α 4.60; and descending stairs, 90.39 α 3.25. The average total daily energy expenditure of the subjects, determined for a period of 7 days, was 1503 Cal. and the average daily intake was 1507 Cal. Energy expenditure during standardized work on the bicycle ergometer was determined in six college girls by measurement of oxygen consumption. The energy cost of work done equivalent to 150 kpm/min. was found lowest when the work was performed in the basal state, highest 1 hour after a heavy meal, and intermediate 4 hours after the meal. The results indicated that performance of work was more efficient on an empty stomach than when it was full. Submitted on September 19, 1960

scholarly journals Meanings of Care Convoys: The Structure, Function, and Adequacy of Care Networks Among Frail, Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 583-597
Author(s):  
Deborah Lambotte ◽  
An-Sofie Smetcoren ◽  
G. A. Rixt Zijlstra ◽  
Jan De Lepeleire ◽  
Liesbeth De Donder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Relational Aspect ◽  
Health Care Monitoring ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Researchers propose that the convoy of care model should be used to study care networks of frail, older individuals. Care convoys are defined as the evolving collection of individuals who may or may not have close personal connections to the recipient or to one another, but who provide care, including help with activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), socio-emotional care, skilled health care, monitoring, and advocacy. This study reports on community-dwelling older adults’ experiences of their care convoy, how care convoys change over time, and perceived (positive) outcomes. A qualitative analysis among 65 semi-structured interviews with frail, community-dwelling older adults demonstrates a great variety in the composition of care convoys. Participants were often actively involved in their care convoy and valued the social/relational aspect of care. Care and support covered a wide range of activities, with some activities being provided by specific types of caregivers. Participants expressed the adequacy of their care convoy in terms of satisfaction and sufficiency. Noteworthy, participants who were satisfied with their care convoy did not necessarily receive sufficient help. Policies and practice should recognize the relational aspect of care, the complex interplay between all actors, and the dynamic character of care convoys.

scholarly journals Development and Evaluation of a Prosthetic Ankle Emulator with an Artificial Soleus and Gastrocnemius

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M Ziemnicki ◽  
Joshua M. Caputo ◽  
Kirsty A. McDonald ◽  
Karl E. Zelik
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Transtibial Prosthesis ◽  
Force Tracking

Abstract In individuals with transtibial limb loss, a contributing factor to mobility-related challenges is the disruption of biological calf muscle function due to transection of the soleus and gastrocnemius. Powered prosthetic ankles can restore primary function of the mono-articular soleus muscle, which contributes to ankle plantarflexion. In effect, a powered ankle acts like an artificial soleus. However, the biarticular gastrocnemius connection that simultaneously contributes to ankle plantarflexion and knee flexion torques remains missing, and there are currently no commercially-available prosthetic ankles that incorporate an artificial gastrocnemius. The goal of this work is to describe the design of a novel emulator capable of independently controlling artificial soleus and gastrocnemius behaviors for transtibial prosthesis users during walking. To evaluate the emulator's efficacy in controlling the artificial gastrocnemius behaviors, a case series walking study was conducted with 4 transtibial prosthesis users. Data from this case series showed that the emulator exhibits low resistances to the user's leg swing, low hysteresis during passive spring emulation, and accurate force tracking for a range of artificial soleus and gastrocnemius behaviors. The emulator presented in this paper is versatile and can facilitate experiments studying the effects of various artificial soleus and gastrocnemius dynamics on gait or other movement tasks. Using this system, it is possible to address existing knowledge gaps and explore a wide range of artificial soleus and gastrocnemius behaviors during gait and potentially other activities of daily living.

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