The Association Between Sedentary Behavior and Cognitive Function Among Older Adults May Be Attenuated With Adequate Physical Activity

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan K. Edwards ◽  
Paul D. Loprinzi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Digit Symbol Substitution Test ◽  
Independent Association ◽  
Adjusted Model

Objective:Examine the independent association of sedentary behavior and cognitive function in older adults, as well as whether physical activity attenuates this potential association.Methods:Data from the 1999–2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used (N = 2472 adults 60 to 85 yrs). Sedentary behavior was subjectively assessed and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) was employed to assess cognitive function.Results:Among an unadjusted and an adjusted model not accounting for physical activity, only 5+ hrs/day (vs. < 1 hr) of sedentary time was independently associated with lower DSST scores (β = –3.1; 95% CI: –5.8 to –0.4; P= .02). However, a fully adjusted model (adding in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity as a covariate) did not yield a statistically significant association between 5+ hrs/day of sedentary time and DSST scores (β = –2.5; 95% CI: –5.1 to 0.2; P = .07).Conclusion:Accumulated daily sedentary behavior of 5+ hrs is associated with lower cognitive function in an older adult population when physical activity is not taken into account. However, physical activity may account for 19% of the total association between sedentary behavior and cognitive function, thus attenuating the sedentary-cognitive function association. Efforts should be made to promote physical activity in the aging population.

Dose–Response Association Between Physical Activity and Cognitive Function in a National Sample of Older Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 554-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Loprinzi ◽  
Meghan K. Edwards ◽  
Elizabeth Crush ◽  
Toshikazu Ikuta ◽  
Alberto Del Arco
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Digit Symbol Substitution Test ◽  
Metabolic Equivalent Of Task

Purpose: Previous research demonstrates a favorable effect of physical activity on cognitive function among older adults. The potential dose–response relationship between physical activity and cognitive function in this population is less understood, which was the purpose of this study. Setting: Data from the 1999 to 2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were employed. Participants: A total of 2157 older adults aged 60 to 85 years. Measures: Cognitive function was assessed from the Digit Symbol Substitution Test. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), expressed as metabolic equivalent of task (MET)-min-month (MET-min-month = days × duration × MET level), was assessed via self-report, with 5 MVPA categories evaluated: (1) <2000 MVPA MET-min-month, (2) 2000 to 3999 MVPA MET-min-month, (3) 4000 to 5999 MVPA MET-min-month, (4) 6000 to 7999 MVPA MET-min-month, and (5) 8000+ MVPA MET-min-month. Analysis: Weighted multivariable linear regression. Results: An inverted U-shaped relationship was observed. Consistent across several adjusted models, those who engaged in 6000 to 7999 MVPA MET-min-month had the highest cognitive function score. Conclusion: The results suggest an optimal amount of physical activity to prevent the cognitive decline associated with aging.

Abstract P376: Associations Between Moderate To Vigorous Physical Activity And Sedentary Time On Cognitive Function In Older Adults With Cardiovascular Disease

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M Hoffmann ◽  
Megan E Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Testing ◽  
Digit Symbol Substitution Test ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is associated with increased risk for cognitive decline. Lifestyle behaviors such as moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and reduced sedentary time (ST) may mitigate this decline, but limited research exists. The aim of the study was to examine the joint association of MVPA and ST on cognitive function by CVD status. Adults (n=2844, ≥60yrs) from the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey underwent cognitive testing (Digit Symbol Substitution Test [DSST]; Animal Fluency [AF]). Participants reported minutes of MVPA per week (categorized by U.S. PA Guidelines: ≥ 150min MPA and/or ≥ 75min VPA PA vs <150min MPA and <75min VPA), and typical ST per day (≤7hrs vs >7hrs ) , and reported physician-diagnosed CVD (i.e., myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary heart disease, or heart failure). Weighted linear regression analyses assessed the joint association of MVPA and ST on cognitive function, and tested the modifying effect of CVD status (alpha level for interaction terms set at 0.1) after adjustment for demographics, hypertension, diabetes, body mass index, and depression symptomatology. See Table. There were significant main effects for combined MVPA-ST groups on DSST (Wald F (3,30)=4.92, p =.007) and AF (Wald F (3,30)=5.01, p =.006). Individuals who did not engage in MVPA regardless of ST had significantly worse scores on DSST compared to the reference group. There was a significant main effect for CVD on DSST (Wald F (1,32)=8.82, p =.006). There was a significant interaction between MVPA-ST groups and CVD status on DSST (Wald F (3,30)=3.691, p =.023). Stratified analyses indicated among individuals with CVD, the buffering effect of MVPA was maintained, but the interaction was not significant for those without CVD. In a sample of adults with a history of CVD, meeting recommendations for MVPA appeared to preserve executive functioning regardless of ST. This research highlights the added importance for people with a history of CVD to participate in the recommended amount of MVPA.

Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior: A Cross-Sectional Study of Brazilian Older Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 811-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Elane Silva dos Santos ◽  
Sofia Wolker Manta ◽  
Guilherme Pereira Maximiano ◽  
Susana Cararo Confortin ◽  
Tânia Rosane Bertoldo Benedetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Adjusted Model

Background: To examine the level of physical activity and sedentary behavior (SB), measured with accelerometers, in older adults from a city in southern Brazil according to sociodemographic and health characteristics.Methods: The sample consisted of 425 older adults (≥63 y) from the EpiFloripa Aging Study. Light physical activity (LPA), moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and SB were measured with accelerometers over a period of 7 days.Results: The older adults spent two-thirds of the time of use in SB, one-third in LPA, and only 2.1% (95% confidence interval, 1.8–2.2) in MVPA. In the final adjusted model, lower levels of MVPA were observed for women, as well as higher SB and lower LPA and MVPA for those with higher age. There were also trends toward prolonged SB and lower LPA when participants had a higher educational level and toward lower MVPA with higher body mass index.Conclusions: Constant monitoring of physical activity levels and SB using objective measures is recommended and interventions should be directed at the groups most exposed to excessive SB and low levels of MVPA.

Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior and the Risk of Overweight and Obesity in School-Aged Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eimear Keane ◽  
Xia Li ◽  
Janas M. Harrington ◽  
Anthony P. Fitzgerald ◽  
Ivan J. Perry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Independent Association

Purpose:Globally, public health policies are targeting modifiable lifestyle behaviors. We explore the independent association of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior on the risk of childhood overweight/obesity.Method:A cross-sectional survey of children aged 8–11 years (N = 826). Objective body mass index was used to classify children as normal weight or overweight/obese. Children wore wrist-worn Geneactiv accelerometers for 7-days and thresholds were applied to categorize MVPA and sedentary time. Screen time (ST) was parent reported. Poisson regression examined the independent association of (1) MVPA (2), objective sedentary time and (3) ST on the risk of overweight/obesity.Results:Overall, 23.7% (95% CI, 20.8–26.6%) of children were overweight/obese. On average, children spent 10.8% of waking time at MVPA and 61.3% sedentary. One-fifth (22.1%, 95% CI, 19.3–25.0%) of children achieved MVPA recommendations (≥ 60 min each day) and 17.5% (95% CI, 14.9–20.1%) met ST recommendations (<2 hr per day). Time spent at MVPA was inversely associated with the risk of overweight/obese independent of total sedentary time. Total time spent sedentary was not associated with overweight/obese independent of MVPA. ST was associated with an increased risk of overweight/obese independent of physical activity.Conclusion:Few schoolchildren met physical activity and screen time recommendations suggesting population based measures are needed.

Abstract 38: Prospective Study of Midlife Sedentary Behavior, Physical Activity, and Cognitive Function: The CARDIA Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kara M Whitaker ◽  
Kelley Pettee Gabriel ◽  
Baojiang Chen ◽  
Monica Ahrens ◽  
Barbara Sternfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Stroop Test ◽  
Digit Symbol Substitution Test ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity

Introduction: Evidence suggests moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) has beneficial effects on various domains of cognitive function; however, less than half of adults meet MVPA guidelines. Alternate approaches, such as reducing sedentary behavior (SED) with concurrent increases in light-intensity physical activity (LPA) may resonate more strongly with the adult population. Objective: To determine if accelerometer measured SED, LPA, and MVPA at ages 38-50 years is prospectively associated with measures of cognitive function. Methods: We studied 1,842 Black and White men and women enrolled in CARDIA who participated in the year 20 (2005-06) and year 25 (2010-11) and/or year 30 (2015-16) exams. SED, LPA, and MVPA were measured by the ActiGraph 7164 accelerometer at year 20. Cognitive function tests at the year 25 and 30 exams included the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT, memory), Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST, processing speed), and Stroop Test (executive function). Compositional isotemporal substitution analysis examined associations of SED, LPA, and MVPA at year 20 with repeated measures (unstructured covariance) of the cognitive function raw test scores at years 25 and 30. Results: In men, substituting 30 minutes of SED with 30 minutes of LPA was associated with a decrease in the RAVLT (-0.05) and DSST (-0.76), and increase in Stroop (0.45) scores, indicating worse performance (see Table ). Substituting SED or LPA with MVPA was associated with an increase in RAVLT (0.15, 0.20) and DSST (1.21, 2.00), and decrease in Stroop (-0.68, -1.17) scores, respectively, indicating better performance. In women, who had higher cognitive function scores than men, substituting SED or LPA with MVPA was associated with worse performance on the Stroop test (0.70, 0.63), contrary to our hypothesis. Conclusions: Statistical substitution of time from lower-intensity activities (SED or LPA) with MVPA, but not SED with LPA, resulted in better cognitive performance in men, but not women, over 10 years.

scholarly journals Sedentary Time in US Older Adults Associated With Disability in Activities of Daily Living Independent of Physical Activity

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothy D. Dunlop ◽  
Jing Song ◽  
Emily K. Arntson ◽  
Pamela A. Semanik ◽  
Jungwha Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Vigorous Activity ◽  
Adl Disability

Background:The harmful relationship of sedentary behavior to health may reflect an exchange of sedentary activity for moderateto- vigorous physical activity (MVPA), or sedentary behavior may be a separate risk factor. We examined whether time spent in sedentary behavior is related to disability in activities of daily living (ADL), independent of time spent in MVPA in older adults.Methods:The nationally representative 2003−2006 National Health and Nutrition Examinations Surveys (NHANES) included 2286 adults aged 60 years and older in whom physical activity was assessed by accelerometer. The association between ADL task disability and the daily percentage of sedentary time was evaluated by multiple logistic regression.Results:These adults on average spent 9h/d being sedentary during waking hours and 4.5% reported ADL disability. The odds of ADL disability were 46% greater (odds ratio, 1.46; 95% confidence interval, 1.07−1.98) for each daily hour spent in sedentary behavior, adjusted for MVPA and socioeconomic and health factors.Conclusion:These US national data show a strong relationship between greater time spent in sedentary behavior and the presence of ADL disability, independent of time spent in moderate or vigorous activity. These findings support programs encouraging older adults to decrease sedentary behavior regardless of their engagement in moderate or vigorous activity.

scholarly journals Multi-Component Intervention Program on Habitual Physical Activity Parameters and Cognitive Function in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6240
Author(s):  
Min-Ki Jeong ◽  
Kyung-Won Park ◽  
Je-Kwang Ryu ◽  
Gwon-Min Kim ◽  
Hyun-Hun Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Intervention ◽  
Habitual Physical Activity ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Digit Symbol Substitution Test

Age-related dementia refers to a state in which someone experiences multiple cognitive function impairment due to degenerative brain disease, and which causes difficulties in their daily life or social life. Dementia is the most common and serious obstacle in later life. Early intervention in the case of patients who are in the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stage among the high-risk group can maintain and improve their cognitive function. The purpose of the current trial is aimed at investigating the association between a multi-component (exercise with cognitive) intervention program and habitual physical activity parameters on cognitive functions in MCI patients. Neuropsychological cognitive and depression assessments were performed by neuropsychologists according to normalized methods, including the Korean mini-mental State examination (K-MMSE) and modified Alzheimer’s disease assessment scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog) and cognitive assessment tool (attention, processing speed), and the Korean version of the geriatric depression scale (SGDS-K), both at baseline and at a 12 weeks follow-up. The 12-week multi-component intervention improved cognitive function and habitual physical activity parameters in patients with MCI relative to controls. A multi-component intervention program for patients with MCI is considered to be an effective method of dementia prevention by improving global (ADAS-Cog) and frontal (trail-making test, digit symbol substitution test) cognition and habitual physical activity parameters such as moderate to vigorous physical activity and step count. In addition, it is important to encourage habitual physical activities to ensure that exercise intervention strategies are carried out at the duration and intensity required for improving physical and cognitive wellbeing and obtaining health benefits.

scholarly journals Changes in Objectively Measured Lifestyle Factors During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Ataka ◽  
Noriyuki Kimura ◽  
Atsuko Eguchi ◽  
Etsuro Matsubara
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background: In this manuscript, we aimed at investigating whether objectively measured lifestyle factors, including walking steps, sedentary time, amount of unforced physical activity, level of slight and energetic physical activity, conversation time, and sleep parameters altered before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among community-dwelling older adults.Methods: Data were obtained from a prospective cohort study conducted from 2015 to 2019 and a subsequent dementia prevention study undertaken in September 2020. Community-dwelling adults aged ≥65 years wore wearable sensors before and during the pandemic.Results: A total of 56 adults were enrolled in this study. The mean age was 74.2±3.9 years, and 58.9% (n=33) of the participants were female. The moderate and vigorous physical activity time significantly decreased and sedentary time significantly increased during the pandemic. Conclusions: This is the first study to demonstrate differences in objectively assessed lifestyle factors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among community-dwelling older adults. The findings show that the pandemic has adversely affected physical activity among older adults living on their own in Japan.

scholarly journals Leading by Example: Association Between Mother and Child Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Brad R. Julius ◽  
Amy M.J. O’Shea ◽  
Shelby L. Francis ◽  
Kathleen F. Janz ◽  
Helena Laroche
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Low Income Mothers ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: The authors examined the relationship between mother and child activity. Methods: The authors compared moderate–vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time of low-income mothers with obesity and their 6- to 12-year-old children on week (WD) and weekend (WE) days. A total of 196 mother–child pairs wore accelerometers simultaneously for a week. Mothers completed questionnaires. Spearman correlation and multivariate regression were used. Results: WE MVPA (accelerometry) was significantly correlated between mothers with children aged 6–7 (rs = .35) and daughters (rs = .27). Self-reported maternal PA time spent with one of their children was significantly correlated with the WE MVPA of all children (rs = .21) and children aged 8–10 (rs = .22) and with the WD MVPA of all children (rs = .15), children aged 8–10 (rs = .23), aged 11–12 (rs = .52), and daughters (rs = .37), and inversely correlated to the WD sedentary time of all children (rs = −.21), children aged 8–10 (rs = −.30), aged 11–12 (rs = −.34), daughters (rs = −.26), and sons (rs = −.22). In multivariate regression, significant associations were identified between reported child–mother PA time together and child MVPA and sedentary time (accelerometry). Conclusions: Mothers may influence the PA levels of their children with the strongest associations found in children aged 6–7 and daughters. Mother–child coparticipation in PA may lead to increased child MVPA and decreased sedentary behavior.

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