Response Distortion on Self-Report Questionnaires with Female Collegiate Golfers

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean M. Williams ◽  
Vikki Krane
Keyword(s):  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Social Desirability ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Ncaa Division I ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Division I ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Cognitive Anxiety

Self-report measures of psychological states are commonly used in sport psychology research and practice, yet the possibility of response bias due to social desirability (repressive defensiveness) often has been overlooked. The present study was designed to examine whether or not a significant relationship exists between social desirability and competitive trait anxiety and the CSAI-2 subscales measuring state somatic anxiety, cognitive anxiety, and self-confidence. The participants were 58 female collegiate golfers representing 13 NCAA Division I universities. Pearson product-moment correlations indicated that competitive trait anxiety (−.24), self-confidence (.45, .38), and cognitive anxiety (−.24) appeared to be influenced by social desirability distortion. If the present findings are replicated in future studies using the SCAT, CSAI-2, and other inventories, the field of sport psychology may need to reexamine some of the theoretical and application conclusions drawn from previous research in which no attempt was made to eliminate data from subjects who may have distorted their responses.

Anxiety and Burnout in Female Collegiate Ice Hockey and Soccer Athletes

2005 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 519-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Wiggins ◽  
Christopher Lai ◽  
Jay A. Deiters
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Ncaa Division I ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
Division I ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Cognitive Anxiety

The purpose of this study was to assess whether athletes who perceived their scores on trait anxiety to be debilitative to performance also experienced higher burnout scores. 84 NCAA Division I female ice hockey and soccer athletes, ages 18 to 23 years, volunteered. Participants were given a trait version of the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 with an added direction scale to collect general perceptions of anxiety. They also completed the Burnout Inventory for Athletes. A one-way multivariate analysis of variance for group anxiety yielded an overall significant effect, with the Facilitative group ( n = 40) reporting a lower mean burnout score. Mean intensity of cognitive anxiety was significantly higher for the Debilitative group ( n = 44), while mean self-confidence intensity was significantly higher for the Facilitative group.

scholarly journals Relationship between Anxiety, Self-Confidence, and Evaluation of Coaching Behaviors

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 344-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura J. Kenow ◽  
Jean M. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Individual Difference ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety State ◽  
Head Coach ◽  
Coaching Behaviors ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Cognitive Anxiety ◽  
Male Head ◽  
Evaluation Of Coaching ◽  
Coaching Behavior

Two experiments examined Smoll and Smith’s (1989) model of leadership behaviors in sport. The coaching behaviors of a male head coach of a collegiate women’s basketball team (n=11 players) were examined. The data supported competitive trait anxiety as an individual-difference variable that mediates athletes’ perception and evaluation of coaching behaviors. There also was support for adding athletes’ state cognitive anxiety, state self-confidence, and perception of the coach’s cognitive anxiety to the model as individual-difference variables. Athletes who scored high in trait anxiety (p<.001) and state cognitive anxiety (p<.05) and low in state self-confidence (p<.05), and athletes who perceived the coach as high in state cognitive anxiety (p<.001), evaluated coaching behavior more negatively. Game outcome may influence the effect of self-confidence in mediating athletes’ perception and evaluation of coaching behaviors. Additionally, athletes perceived several specific coaching behaviors more negatively than did the coach, and athletes drastically overestimated their coach’s self-reported pregame cognitive and somatic anxiety and underestimated his self-confidence. Overall, the results suggest that coaches should be more supportive and less negative with high anxious and low self-confident athletes.

Athletes' and Coaches' Perceptions of Sport Psychology Services Offered by Graduate Students at One NCAA Division I University

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noah B. Gentner ◽  
Leslee A. Fisher ◽  
Craig A. Wrisberg
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Ncaa Division I ◽  
Professional Growth ◽  
Graduate Programs ◽  
Division I ◽  
Initial Attempt ◽  
Olympic Athletes ◽  
Practicum Experiences

In recent years, there have been increasing calls for graduate programs in sport psychology to include supervised practicum experiences. While supervision and applied experience is vital to the professional growth of graduate students, periodic evaluations are also needed to determine students' effectiveness in providing sport psychology services. This study represented an initial attempt to assess athletes' and coaches' perceptions of services provided by graduate students at one NCAA Division I university. Analyses showed 118 participants' ratings of consultants' effectiveness were comparable to those provided by U.S. Olympic athletes for professional consultants in earlier research by Gould, Murphy, Tammen, and May.

The Existence of Sport Psychology Services Among NCAA Division I FBS University Athletic Departments and Counseling Centers

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric W. Hayden ◽  
Alan S. Kornspan ◽  
Zachary T. Bruback ◽  
Michael C. Parent ◽  
Matthew Rodgers
Keyword(s):  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Ncaa Division I ◽  
Student Athletes ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Division I ◽  
Counseling Centers ◽  
Athletic Departments ◽  
University Counseling ◽  
University Counseling Centers ◽  
Division I Football

One hundred twenty university counseling centers and athletic-department websites were viewed and analyzed for the provision of sport psychology services specifically to NCAA (National Collegiate Athletic Association) Division I Football Bowl Championship Series (FBS) student athletes. Using content-analysis methodology, the present research identified a fair number of university athletic departments (n = 29) and university counseling centers (n = 6) that provided specific sport psychology services. In addition, most athletic departments and counseling centers that provided sport psychology services had one individual on staff who was listed as the service provider. Results of the study are discussed in relation to providing a current understanding of the extent to which sport psychology is presently being provided to NCAA Division I FBS university student athletes. Future qualitative research is recommended to examine the work of professionals providing sport psychology services in athletic departments and counseling centers to better understand the precise nature of the services provided.

Coping Skills, Competitive Trait Anxiety, and Playing States: Moderating Effects an the Life Stress-Injury Relationship

1993 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trent A. Petrie
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Ncaa Division I ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Coping Skills ◽  
Athletic Injury ◽  
Division I ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Psychosocial Variables ◽  
Stress Injury

This study prospectively investigated the effects of life stress, psychological coping skills, competitive trait anxiety, and playing status (starter vs. non-starter) on injury in 158 NCAA Division I-A collegiate football players. Playing status moderated the influence of the psychosocial variables as predictors of athletic injury. For starters positive life stress, coping skills, and competitive trait anxiety accounted for 60% of the injury variance. In addition, competitive trait anxiety moderated the effects of positive life stress such that increases in these variables were associated with increases in the number of days missed due to injury. No relationship between any of the psychosocial variables and injury emerged for nonstarters. Implications for future research are discussed with respect to the Andersen and Williams (1988) theoretical model.

NCAA Division-I Administrators’ Perceptions of the Benefits of Sport Psychology Services and Possible Roles for a Consultant

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Wrisberg ◽  
Jenny Lind Withycombe ◽  
Duncan Simpson ◽  
Lauren A. Loberg ◽  
Ann Reed
Keyword(s):  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Ncaa Division I ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Division I ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Time Basis ◽  
The Impact

In the current study National Collegiate Athletic Association D-I athletic directors (n = 198) and presidents (n = 58) were asked to rate their perceptions of the benefits of various sport psychology services and their support of possible roles for a sport psychology consultant (SPC). Participants gave higher ratings for (a) services that were performance-related (e.g., dealing with pressure) than for those that were life-related (e.g., preventing burnout) and (b) a role for a SPC that involved the provision of services but not a full-time staff position or interactions with athletes at practices and competitions. Results indicated that while administrators acknowledge the potential benefits of sport psychology services, some remain reticent to employ them on a full-time basis. Future research is recommended with administrators that have employed SPCs full-time to determine their perceptions of the impact of sport psychology services on their student-athletes.

NCAA Division I Athletes’ Attitudes Toward Seeking Sport Psychology Consultation: The Development of an Objective Instrument

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott B. Martin ◽  
Craig A. Wrisberg ◽  
Patricia A. Beitel ◽  
John Lounsbury
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Ncaa Division I ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Division I ◽  
Gender And Race ◽  
African American Athletes ◽  
Interpersonal Openness ◽  
Division I Athletes

A 50-item questionnaire measuring athletes’ attitudes toward seeking a sport psychology consultant (ATSSPCQ) was initially developed and then administered to 48 African American and 177 Caucasian student-athletes at a NCAA Division I university. Principal components factor analyses were conducted to extract initial factors and then varimax orthogonal rotation was performed. The analyses produced three dimensions of athlete attitude that accounted for 35% of the variance: stigma tolerance, confidence in a SPC/recognition of need, and interpersonal openness/willingness to try a SPC. A MANOVA and follow-up discriminant function analyses were then performed to identify the factors that maximized differences between gender and race. Significant differences in stigma tolerance were found for both gender and race. SPCs were stigmatized more by male athletes than by female athletes and more by African American athletes than by Caucasian athletes. No other significant effects were obtained.

Toward Two Grounded Theories of the Talent Development and Social Support Process of Highly Successful Collegiate Athletes

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taryn K. Morgan ◽  
Peter R. Giacobbi
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Ncaa Division I ◽  
Talent Development ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Division I ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Mental Characteristics

The purpose of this study was to utilize multiple perspectives to describe the major influences and experiences during the development of highly talented collegiate athletes. Eight NCAA Division I collegiate athletes, 12 parents, and 6 coaches participated in this study. In-depth semi-structured interviews analyzed through grounded theory analytic procedures (Strauss & Corbin, 1998) were used. Overall, it was ascertained that a favorable interaction between perceived genetic dispositions, practice, situational factors, and mental characteristics facilitated and nurtured the participants’ talent development. The importance of social support for overcoming adversity was a salient theme and should be addressed by sport psychology consultants and coaches.

The Use of Sport Psychology Services at NCAA Division I Universities from 1998-1999

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Voight ◽  
John Callaghan
Keyword(s):  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Ncaa Division I ◽  
Return Rate ◽  
Division I ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Athletic Departments ◽  
Consulting Services ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Sport Programs ◽  
The University

The purpose of this study is to provide information regarding the number of consulting positions offered by NCAA Division I universities. Questionnaires were administered to 115 NCAA Division I universities. An 84% return rate was achieved, totaling 96 universities. It was determined that 51 (53%) of the university athletic departments in the sample used some form of sport psychology consulting, whereas 45 (47%) departments reportedly did not use the services of a sport psychology consultant. Frequency reports of those questionnaires from universities who used sport psychology consulting services indicated 10 different sport psychology consultant positions; the most often used consultant positions consisted of the part-time consultants hired by individual sport programs (n = 19, 37%), followed by part-time consultants hired by the athletic departments (n = 10, 20%), then full-time consultants hired by the athletic departments (n = 7, 14%). Also reported are the reasons some athletic departments did not use the services of a sport psychology consultant.

Examining the Relationships Between Gratitude and Spiritual and Religious Identification Among Collegiate Athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-219
Author(s):  
Nicole T. Gabana ◽  
Aaron D’Addario ◽  
Matteo Luzzeri ◽  
Stinne Soendergaard ◽  
Y. Joel Wong
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Ncaa Division I ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Division I ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Religious Identification ◽  
Dispositional Gratitude ◽  
And Performance

Salient aspects of an athlete’s identity hold implications for how sport psychology practitioners conceptualize and intervene on both the mental health and performance realms of the athlete person. Given that spirituality, religiosity, and gratitude have been associated in previous literature, the current study examined whether athletes differed in dispositional gratitude based on their spiritual and religious identification. Results indicated that among 331 NCAA Division I-III athletes, those who identified as both spiritual and religious scored significantly higher in dispositional gratitude than self-identified spiritual/non-religious and non-spiritual/non-religious athletes. Non-spiritual/non-religious and spiritual/non-religious athletes did not significantly differ in levels of gratitude. Findings and limitations of the current study warrant further investigation on this topic, and recommendations for future research and practice are provided.

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