scholarly journals Vaccine-Induced Opsonophagocytic Immunity to Neisseria meningitidis Group B

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 799-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Plested ◽  
D. M. Granoff
Keyword(s):  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Membrane Vesicle ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Outer Membrane Vesicle ◽  
Complement Proteins ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Disease ◽  
Group B ◽  
Terminal Complement

ABSTRACT The role of opsonophagocytosis (OP) in protection against meningococcal disease is controversial because patients with deficiencies in terminal complement proteins whose sera support OP but not bactericidal activity (BA) are at greatly increased risk of disease. We assayed complement-mediated BA and OP bactericidal activity in sera from 32 adults immunized with an outer membrane vesicle vaccine given alone or combined with an investigational recombinant protein, genome-derived neisserial antigen (GNA2132). The sera were heat inactivated to remove internal complement activity, and BA was measured with exogenous nonimmune human serum as a complement source. OP was measured with human polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) and C6-depleted complement, which without PMNs did not support BA. Before immunization, 9 to 19% of sera from subjects in both vaccine groups combined had BA titers of ≥1:4, which increased to 41 to 72% after immunization (P < 0.01 against each of three test strains). The percentages of sera with OP titers of ≥1:5 were 3 to 16%, which increased to 55 to 72% (P < 0.001 for each strain). Most postimmunization BA-positive sera were OP positive, but 10 to 37% of BA-negative sera also were OP positive. Comparing the two vaccine groups, there were no significant differences in the percentages of sera with BA or OP activity except for a higher percentage of OP against one strain in postimmunization sera from subjects in the combination vaccine group (P ≤ 0.02). The data support independent roles for serum BA and OP bactericidal activity in protection against group B disease.

scholarly journals Immunogenicity and Safety Testing of a Group B Intranasal Meningococcal Native Outer Membrane Vesicle Vaccine

2002 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 702-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohit K. Katial ◽  
Brenda L. Brandt ◽  
Ellen E. Moran ◽  
Stephen Marks ◽  
Victor Agnello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Membrane Vesicle ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
The United States ◽  
Outer Membrane Vesicle ◽  
Nasal Cytology ◽  
Group B ◽  
Antibody Secreting Cells

ABSTRACT The presently licensed meningococcal vaccine is a tetravalent capsular polysaccharide vaccine that induces immunity to serogroups A, C, Y, and W-135 but not to group B, which causes nearly half of the meningitis cases in the United States. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of an intranasal native outer membrane vesicle (NOMV) vaccine prepared from a capsule negative strain of group B of Neisseria meningitidis. In this study all volunteers received the same dose of vaccine, but we evaluated two different immunization schedules and the oropharyngeal and intranasal routes of vaccine delivery, assessed nasal cytology for cellular infiltration, and measured antibody-secreting cells (enzyme-linked immunospot assay [ELISPOT]) as an early marker for systemic immune response. Additionally, both intranasal and serum vaccine-specific antibodies were measured as well as serum bactericidal activity. Four groups with a total of 42 subjects were immunized on days 0, 28, and 56. Group 3 received an additional dose on day 7. Group 2 subjects were immunized both intranasally and oropharyngeally. Group 4 received a different lot of vaccine. All groups received approximately 1,200 μg of vaccine per subject. Patients were evaluated for side effects. The vaccine was well tolerated without evidence of inflammation on nasal cytology. The group receiving the extra vaccine dose showed the maximum increase in bactericidal activity. Thirty of 42 subjects demonstrated an increase in meningococcus-specific intranasal immunoglobulin A (IgA) titers, while 23 of 42 demonstrated an increase in specific IgG titers. The group receiving vaccine intranasally and oropharyngeally showed the highest rise in intranasal titers for both IgA and IgG. Groups 1, 3, and 4 showed a significant increase in antibody-secreting cells on ELISPOT. Eighteen of 42 volunteers demonstrated a fourfold or greater rise in bactericidal titers, with 81% showing an increase over baseline. We have demonstrated the immunogenicity and safety of a group B lipopolysaccharide-containing, intranasal, NOMV vaccine.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF INTERLEUKIN 1β GENE POLYMORPHISM IN DEVELOPMENT OF PREDOMINANTY SENSORY CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DEMYELINATING POLYNEUROPATHY

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-148
Author(s):  
T. E. Popova ◽  
N. A. Shnayder ◽  
M. M. Petrova ◽  
A. A. Tappakhov
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Krasnoyarsk Region ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Risk Of Disease ◽  
T Locus ◽  
Il1b Gene

The aim of the present study was a search for associations between the polymorphic allelic variants 3954 C>T (rs1143644) and -511C>T (rs16944) of IL1B gene in the patients with sensory predominant chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathies (SP-CIDP) from Krasnoyarsk Region and the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic. A total of 95 people were examined, having been divided into 2 groups according to their residence. The first group consisted of 42 patients living in the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic. The second group included 53 patients living in the Krasnoyarsk Region. It was revealed that the carriers of homozygous CC genotype in the 3954C>T locus were more often detected in patients from the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, and the carriage of TT genotype is found exclusively in the patients from Krasnoyarsk Region. When comparing the different genotype frequencies in the -511CT locus, we did not reveal any statistically significant differences between the two groups of patients. Presence of the CC genotype of the 3954C>T locus was associated with a significantly increased risk of disease in the patients from Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, while carrying CT and TT genotypes at the locus 3954C>T and the TT genotype at the locus -511C>T, is associated with increased risk disorder among patients of the Krasnoyarsk Region. The frequency of carriage of various genotypes in the 3954C>T and -511C>T loci of the IL1B gene was prevalent among the patients from the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, the association of genotypes of CC/CT prevailed in patients from the Krasnoyarsk Region (p = 0.005), as well as prevalence of CC/CC and CC/CT (p = 0.023). However, there was no statistically significant difference in occurrence of individual genotypes between the two study groups. When analyzing the carrier frequency of high-producing alleles of 3954C and -511C in patients with SP-CIDP, it was shown that they were significantly more common among patients from the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic and patients from the Krasnoyarsk Region than the low-producing 3954T and -511T alleles. Moreover, the 3954C allele was more often found in the Yakut group (p = 0.001), and in the -511C allele for the Krasnoyarsk group of patients (p = 0.05). The presence of 3954C and -511C alleles increases the risk of SP-CIDP development in patients from the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, as well as carriage of 3954T allele in patients from the Krasnoyarsk Region.

scholarly journals Evidence of an oncogenic role of aberrant TOX activation in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 125 (9) ◽  
pp. 1435-1443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanshen Huang ◽  
Ming-Wan Su ◽  
Xiaoyan Jiang ◽  
Youwen Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Risk Of Disease ◽  
Disease Specific Mortality ◽  
Sézary Cells ◽  
Disease Specific

Key Points TOX is aberrantly expressed in primary Sézary cells and its levels correlate with increased risk of disease-specific mortality. TOX knockdown promotes apoptosis and reduces cell proliferation in CTCL cells, partially through inducing p27 and p57.

Safety and Immunogenicity Testing of an Intranasal Group B Meningococcal Native Outer Membrane Vesicle Vaccine in Healthy Volunteers

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Drabick ◽  
Brenda L. Brandt ◽  
Elizabeth E. Moran ◽  
Nancy B. Saunders ◽  
David R. Shoemaker
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Membrane Vesicle ◽  
Outer Membrane Vesicle ◽  
Group B

Effectiveness of a group B outer membrane vesicle meningococcal vaccine against gonorrhoea in New Zealand: a retrospective case-control study

The Lancet ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 390 (10102) ◽  
pp. 1603-1610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Petousis-Harris ◽  
Janine Paynter ◽  
Jane Morgan ◽  
Peter Saxton ◽  
Barbara McArdle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Membrane Vesicle ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Outer Membrane Vesicle ◽  
Meningococcal Vaccine ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Group B ◽  
Control Study

Ampicillin Treatment Increases Placental Interleukin-1 Beta Concentration and Polymorphonuclear Infiltration in Group B Streptococcus-Induced Chorioamnionitis: A Preclinical Study

Neonatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-373
Author(s):  
Antoine Giraud ◽  
Marie-Julie Allard ◽  
Mariela Segura ◽  
Frédéric Roche ◽  
Hugues Patural ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Preclinical Study ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Placental Inflammation ◽  
Intrapartum Antibiotic ◽  
Group B

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Antibiotic therapy during preterm labor with intact membranes has been associated with an increased risk of neonatal death. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> Using an established rat model of group B <i>Streptococcus</i> (GBS)-induced chorioamnionitis, we hypothesized that ampicillin treatment increases placental inflammation, as shown in other bacterial infections. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> At gestational day 19, 19 Lewis dams were intraperitoneally (i.p.) inoculated by 10<sup>8</sup> CFU of β-hemolytic serotype Ia GBS (strain #16955 susceptible to ampicillin). Dams were treated i.p. with either 200 mg/kg of ampicillin (<i>n</i> = 9) or 0.9% saline (<i>n</i> = 10) at 48 and 60 h post-GBS inoculation. Cesarean sections were performed 72 h post-GBS inoculation. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Ampicillin treatment was associated with an increased number of polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) infiltrating the decidua (mean 1,536 vs. 532 PMN/mm<sup>2</sup>; <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001) and a higher placental concentration of IL-1β (mean 26.4 vs. 7.9 pg/mg; <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01) compared to saline-treated dams. These effects were observed in dams without GBS bacteremia. Conversely, ampicillin treatment was associated with a decreased placental concentration of proinflammatory cytokines in dams with GBS bacteremia. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Ampicillin increases placental inflammation in a rat model of GBS-induced chorioamnionitis without bacteremia. This proinflammatory effect of ampicillin could be due to bacterial lysis. Our findings do not query the intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis against GBS disease. They pave the way for future preclinical studies combining anti-inflammatory treatments and antibiotic therapy for GBS-induced chorioamnionitis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document