scholarly journals The Nutrient and Energy Pathway Requirements for Surface Motility of Nonpathogenic and Uropathogenic Escherichia coli

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushmita Sudarshan ◽  
Jacob Hogins ◽  
Sankalya Ambagaspitiye ◽  
Philippe Zimmern ◽  
Larry Reitzer
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Tca Cycle ◽  
Upec Strain ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Tca Cycle ◽  
Surface Motility ◽  
Tract Infections

Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) is the causative pathogen for most uncomplicated urinary tract infections. Motility is likely to contribute to these infections, and E. coli possesses flagella-dependent swimming motility, flagella-dependent surface motility (often called swarming), and the recently observed pili-dependent surface motility. Surface motility has not been extensively studied, but for the strains that have been tested nonpathogenic E. coli (NPEC) lab strains use pili, NPEC hypermotile derivatives of these lab strains use flagella, and UPEC strains use flagella. Using a representative of these three types of strains, we showed differences in the nutritional and pathway requirements for surface motility with respect to the glucose concentration, the glycolytic pathway utilized, acetogenesis, and the TCA cycle. In addition, glucose controlled flagella synthesis for the NPEC strain, but not for the hypermotile NPEC variant or the UPEC strain. The requirements for surface motility are likely to reflect major metabolic differences between strains for the pathways and regulation of energy metabolism. IMPORTANCE Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common bacterial infections and are an increasing burden on the healthcare system because of recurrence and antibiotic resistance (1, 2). The most common uropathogen is E. coli (3, 4), which is responsible for about 80-90% of community acquired UTIs and 40-50% of nosocomial acquired UTIs (2). Virulence requires both pili and flagella, and either appendage can contribute to surface motility, although surface motility of uropathogenic E. coli has not been examined. We found different appendage, nutrient and pathway requirements for surface motility of a nonpathogenic E. coli lab strain and a uropathogenic E. coli. We propose that these differences are the result of differences in the pathways and regulation of energy metabolism.

scholarly journals The Nutrient and Energy Pathway Requirements for Surface Motility of Nonpathogenic and Uropathogenic Escherichia coli

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushmita Sudarshan ◽  
Jacob Hogins ◽  
Sankalya Ambagaspitiye ◽  
Philippe Zimmern ◽  
Larry Reitzer
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Tca Cycle ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Upec Strain ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Metabolic Adaptations ◽  
The Tca Cycle ◽  
Surface Motility ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACTUropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) is the causative pathogen for most uncomplicated urinary tract infections. Flagellar-mediated motility is essential for virulence and colonization for ascending urinary tract infections. The appendage requirement for surface motility depends on the strain: nonpathogenic E. coli (NPEC) lab strains use pili, NPEC hypermotile derivatives use flagella, and UPEC strains use flagella. E. coli flagella-dependent surface motility had been previously shown to require glucose and amino acids. We examined the nutritional and pathway requirements of the NPEC strain W3110 for pili-dependent surface motility, which have not been previously examined. We then compared these requirements to those for two strains with flagella-dependent surface motility: a variant of W3110, W3110-J1, in which the synthesis of the activator of flagella synthesis has been upregulated and the UPEC strain UTI89. The glucose requirement for W3110 was higher than that for either W3110-J1 or UTI89. The pathways required for motility were also different. W3110, but not UTI89, required the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway via PfkA; conversely, UTI89, but not W3110, required the Entner-Doudoroff pathway, acetogenesis, and the TCA cycle. Glucose did not control flagella synthesis for W3110-J1 and UTI89. The differing requirements for surface motility are likely to reflect major metabolic differences between strains. The metabolic requirements for UTI89 motility suggest a specific adaptation to the urinary tract environment.IMPORTANCEUrinary tract infections affect over 50% of women and E. coli is the most common uropathogen. Virulence requires both pili and flagella, and both appendages can contribute to surface motility. Previous studies of E. coli surface motility did not consider the appendage requirement and the ability to switch the surface appendage. The nutrient and pathway requirements for surface motility of a non-pathogenic E. coli strain with either pili- or flagella-dependent surface motility and the uropathogen UTI89 were examined. Pili-dependent surface motility required glycolysis, while flagella-dependent motility required the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation and was less dependent on glycolysis. The distinctive nutrient and pathway requirements for UTI89 motility probably result from metabolic adaptations to the urinary tract.

scholarly journals FIMBRIAE AND FLAGELLA MEDIATED SURFACE MOTILITY AND THE EFFECT OF GLUCOSE ON NONPATHOGENIC AND UROPATHOGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sankalya Ambagaspitiye ◽  
Sushmita Sudarshan ◽  
Jacob Hogins ◽  
Parker McDill ◽  
Nicole J. De Nisco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Promoter Region ◽  
Upec Strain ◽  
Surface Movement ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Surface Motility ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACTWe characterized the surface motility of nonpathogenic and pathogenic E. coli strains with respect to the appendage requirement, flagella versus fimbriae, and the glucose requirement. Nonpathogenic lab strains exhibited either slow or fast surface movement. The slow strains required type 1 fimbriae for movement, while the fast strains required flagella and had an insertion in the flhDC promoter region. Surface movement of three uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) strains was fast and required flagella, but these strains did not have an insertion in the flhDC promoter region. We assessed swimming motility as an indicator of flagella synthesis and found that glucose inhibited swimming of the slow nonpathogenic strains but not of the fast nonpathogenic or pathogenic strains. Fimbriae-based surface motility requires glucose, which inhibits cyclic-AMP (cAMP) and flagella synthesis; therefore, we examined whether surface motility required cAMP. The surface motility of a slow, fimbriae-dominant, nonpathogenic strain did not require cAMP, which was expected because fimbriae synthesis does not require cAMP. In contrast, the surface motility of a faster, flagella-dominant, UPEC strain required cAMP, which was unexpected because swarming was unaffected by the presence of glucose. Electron microscopy verified the presence or absence of fimbriae or flagella. In summary, surface motilities of the nonpathogenic and uropathogenic E. coli strains of this study differed in the appendage used and the effects of glucose on flagella synthesis.IMPORTANCEUropathogenic Escherichia coli strains cause 80-90% of community-acquired urinary tract infections, and recurrent urinary tract infections, which can last for years, and often become antibiotic resistant. Urinary tract infections can be associated with intra-vesical lesions extending from localized trigonitis/cystitis to widely distributed pancystitis: motility may be a factor that distinguishes between these infection patterns. Nonpathogenic and uropathogenic E. coli were shown to exhibit fimbriae- and flagella-dependent surface motility, respectively, and the difference was attributed to altered control of flagella synthesis by glucose. Uropathogenic E. coli strains grow more rapidly in urine than nonpathogenic strains, which implies differences in metabolism. Understanding the basis for glucose-insensitive control of flagella-dependent motility could provide insight into uropathogenic E. coli metabolism and virulence.

scholarly journals Phage Therapy as a Novel Strategy in the Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections Caused by E. Coli

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Zalewska-Piątek ◽  
Rafał Piątek
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Phage Therapy ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Strategy ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are regarded as one of the most common bacterial infections affecting millions of people, in all age groups, annually in the world. The major causative agent of complicated and uncomplicated UTIs are uropathogenic E. coli strains (UPECs). Huge problems with infections of this type are their chronicity and periodic recurrences. Other disadvantages that are associated with UTIs are accompanying complications and high costs of health care, systematically increasing resistance of uropathogens to routinely used antibiotics, as well as biofilm formation by them. This creates the need to develop new approaches for the prevention and treatment of UTIs, among which phage therapy has a dominant potential to eliminate uropathogens within urinary tract. Due to the growing interest in such therapy in the last decade, the bacteriophages (natural, genetically modified, engineered, or combined with antibiotics or disinfectants) represent an innovative antimicrobial alternative and a strategy for managing the resistance of uropathogenic microorganisms and controlling UTIs.

scholarly journals Urinary Tract Infections of Escherichia coli Strains of Chaperone-Usher System

2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
BEATA M. ZALEWSKA-PIĄTEK
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections are a very serious health and economic problem affecting millions of people each year worldwide. The most common etiologic agent of this type of bacterial infections, involving the upper and lower urinary tract, are E. coli strains representing approximately 80% of cases. Uropathogenic E. coli strains produce several urovirulence factors which can be divided into two main types, surface virulence factors and exported virulence factors. Surface-exposed structures include mainly extracellular adhesive organelles such as fimbriae/pili necessary in adhesion, invasion, biofilm formation and cytokine induction. Among the surface-exposed polymeric adhesive structures there are three most invasive groups, type 1 pili, type P pili and Dr family of adhesins which are bioassembled via the conserved, among Gram-negative bacteria, chaperone-usher secretion system. Type 1 and P-piliated E. coli cause cystitis and pyelonephritis. The Dr family of adhesins recognizing DAF receptor is responsible for cystitis, pyelonephritis (especially in pregnant women) and diarrhoea (in infants). In addition, Dr-positive E. coli strains carry the risk of recurrent urinary tract infections. Pyelonephritis in pregnant women leads to a series of complications such as bacteremia, urosepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome and even death. In the era of increasing drug resistance of bacteria, the development of vaccines, drugs termed pilicides and inhibitors of adhesion may be a promising tool in the fight against urogenital infections.

scholarly journals Pathomechanism of urinary tract infections caused by uropathogenic E. coli strains

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 269-281
Author(s):  
Beata Zalewska-Piątek ◽  
Rafał Piątek ◽  
Beata Krawczyk ◽  
Marcin Olszewski
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Secretion Pathway ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Intracellular Aggregates

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most often and most common bacterial infections affecting even 150 millions of people each year worldwide. The problem of these infections results from chronicity, recurrences and increasing drug resistance of uropathogens causing them. Uropathogenic E. coli strains (UPEC) are the dominant causative agent of UTIs. These strains have many adhesion factors located on the surface of their cells responsible for the initial stage of adherence and colonization of the urinary tract. Among UPEC, the most common virulence factors are monoadhesive pili of type 1 and P and poliadhesins of Dr family, that biogensis is carried out via the conserved secretion pathway of chaperone-usher type (CUP). In addition to urovirulence factors, the UPEC strains developed a number of mechanisms important in pathogenesis of UTIs and enabling them to survive in the urinary tract environment (adhesion, invasion, formation of intracellular aggregates and quiescent bacterial reservoirs, strukturalfilamentation of bacteria, resistance to antibiotics). Commonly used antibiotic therapy seems to be very effective in the control and treatment of UTIs. However, the increasing multidrug resistance of bacterial strains and the high frequency of recurrences and chronicity of the infections are the basis for the development of alternative therapeutic forms and prevention strategies.

scholarly journals In vitro Activity of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam for the Treatment of Complicated Urinary Tract Infections by Escherichia coli in the Era of Antibiotic Resistance “Rejuvenate the mystery”

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Lubna Farooq ◽  
Shaikh Nadeem Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Aitmaud Uddolah Khan ◽  
Akhtar Ali ◽  
Sehrish Mehmood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Pathogen Burden

Background: Urinary tract infections are found to be commonest bacterial infections across the globe. Various studies have demonstrated high prevalence rate of UTIs in Pakistan. Multiple broad spectrum antibiotics are being used for the treatment of UTI but the resistance by the pathogen against these drugs is increasing worldwide. As the resistance in the organisms is increasing day by day, and it is now hall mark and matter of concern for clinicians to treat uropathogenic E. coli, so there is a pertinent need to explore new sensitive antibiotics or alternative options to manage the disease. Aims: To determine the pathogen burden and susceptibility pattern of ceftolozane/tazobactam against MDR E. coli isolates from clinical specimens of urinary tract infections in Karachi. Study Design:  It was an in-vitro clinical study. Study Settings: The study was conducted in department of Pharmacology, Baqai Medical University and isolates were collected from Microbiology laboratory of Karachi. Methodology: On the basis of identification methods, one hundred and fifty (150) strains of E. coli were isolated from 650 specimen of urine. Clinical isolates were identified by standard and specific microbiological methods. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern was determined by Kirby Bauer Disc diffusion method. Samples were processed as per procedures defined by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines 2018. Results: Out of 150 isolates of E. coli, 95 (63.3%) were MDR E. coli. majority of the cases were obtained from age group 61-80 year (32.6%). Highest sensitivity was seen by ceftolozane/tazobactam (96%) followed by ceftriaxone (88%). Least sensitivity was observed with Imipenem (13.70%). However increased trend of resistance was seen among all empirical used drugs.

scholarly journals Efficient and Cost-Effective Alternative Treatment for Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections and Interstitial Cystitis in Women: A Two-Case Report

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Mansour ◽  
Essa Hariri ◽  
Samar Shelh ◽  
Ralph Irani ◽  
Mohamad Mroueh
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Recurrent Infection ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Cost Effective Alternative ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections affecting women. UTIs are primarily caused byEscherichia coli, which increases the likelihood of a recurrent infection. We encountered two cases of recurrent UTIs (rUTIs) with a positiveE. coliculture, not improving with antibiotics due to the development of antibiotic resistance. An alternative therapeutic regimen based on parsley and garlic, L-arginine, probiotics, and cranberry tablets has been given. This regimen showed a significant health improvement and symptoms relief without recurrence for more than 12 months. In conclusion, the case supports the concept of using alternative medicine in treating rUTI and as a prophylaxis or in patients who had developed antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals A Proteomics Approach to Identify Possible Biomarkers of Early and Late Stages of E. coli-induced Urinary Tract Infections

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah E. Alsubhi ◽  
Ghadah S. Alsharif ◽  
Ahmed A. Mirza
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Protein A ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Proteomics Approach ◽  
2D Gel ◽  
Polymerase Binding ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Late Stages

As one of the most common bacterial infections globally, urinary tract infections (UTI)s affect the bladder and kidneys of many the bladders and kidneys of many. Along with gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli (E. coli) causes nearly 40% of nosocomial UTIs, 25% of recurrent infections, and between 80 to 90% of community-acquired infections. Proteomics, commonly used to study changes in protein expression of organisms, can be used to explore candidate biomarkers useful for the diagnosis of pathological conditions. Here, protein profiles of samples from patients diagnosed with E. coli-induced UTI were compared to identify distinctive proteins. Extracted proteins from bacteria from patients’ urine samples were separated into excisable spots using 2D-gel electrophoresis. The gels were then analyzed using Progenesis SameSpot software to select uniquely expressed protein spots, excised, and analyzed by LC/MS. The results were then compared against a database of known proteins. We identified two proteins, outer membrane protein A (OmpA) and RNA polymerase-binding transcription factor (DksA), involved in the survival of E. coli in the harsh environment of the host. We suggest their use as a part of a battery of possible biomarkers proteins for E. coli-induced UTI, and suggest that their overexpression is possibly associated with the stage of infection, early or late.

scholarly journals Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Metabolite-Dependent Quiescence and Persistence May Explain Antibiotic Tolerance during Urinary Tract Infection

mSphere ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary P. Leatham-Jensen ◽  
Matthew E. Mokszycki ◽  
David C. Rowley ◽  
Robert Deering ◽  
Jodi L. Camberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
Quiescent State ◽  
Upec Strain ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACT Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) affect 10 to 40% of women. In up to 77% of those cases, the recurrent infections are caused by the same uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) strain that caused the initial infection. Upon infection of urothelial transitional cells in the bladder, UPEC appear to enter a nongrowing quiescent intracellular state that is thought to serve as a reservoir responsible for recurrent UTIs. Here, we report that many UPEC strains enter a quiescent state when ≤106 CFU are seeded on glucose M9 minimal medium agar plates and show that mutations in several genes involved in central carbon metabolism prevent quiescence, as well as persistence, possibly identifying metabolic pathways involved in UPEC quiescence and persistence in vivo. In the present study, it is shown that although Escherichia coli CFT073, a human uropathogenic (UPEC) strain, grows in liquid glucose M9 minimal medium, it fails to grow on glucose M9 minimal medium agar plates seeded with ≤106 CFU. The cells on glucose plates appear to be in a “quiescent” state that can be prevented by various combinations of lysine, methionine, and tyrosine. Moreover, the quiescent state is characteristic of ~80% of E. coli phylogenetic group B2 multilocus sequence type 73 strains, as well as 22.5% of randomly selected UPEC strains isolated from community-acquired urinary tract infections in Denmark. In addition, E. coli CFT073 quiescence is not limited to glucose but occurs on agar plates containing a number of other sugars and acetate as sole carbon sources. It is also shown that a number of E. coli CFT073 mini-Tn5 metabolic mutants (gnd, gdhA, pykF, sdhA, and zwf) are nonquiescent on glucose M9 minimal agar plates and that quiescence requires a complete oxidative tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. In addition, evidence is presented that, although E. coli CFT073 quiescence and persistence in the presence of ampicillin are alike in that both require a complete oxidative TCA cycle and each can be prevented by amino acids, E. coli CFT073 quiescence occurs in the presence or absence of a functional rpoS gene, whereas maximal persistence requires a nonfunctional rpoS. Our results suggest that interventions targeting specific central metabolic pathways may mitigate UPEC infections by interfering with quiescence and persistence. IMPORTANCE Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) affect 10 to 40% of women. In up to 77% of those cases, the recurrent infections are caused by the same uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) strain that caused the initial infection. Upon infection of urothelial transitional cells in the bladder, UPEC appear to enter a nongrowing quiescent intracellular state that is thought to serve as a reservoir responsible for recurrent UTIs. Here, we report that many UPEC strains enter a quiescent state when ≤106 CFU are seeded on glucose M9 minimal medium agar plates and show that mutations in several genes involved in central carbon metabolism prevent quiescence, as well as persistence, possibly identifying metabolic pathways involved in UPEC quiescence and persistence in vivo.

scholarly journals Distinct Characteristics of Escherichia coli Isolated from Patients with Urinary Tract Infections in a Medical Center at a Ten-Year Interval

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1156
Author(s):  
Wei-Hung Lin ◽  
Yen-Zhen Zhang ◽  
Po-Yao Liu ◽  
Po-Shun Chen ◽  
Shining Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Phylogenetic Group ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

Escherichia coli causing urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common outpatient bacterial infections. This study aimed to compare the characteristics of E. coli isolated from UTI patients in a single medical center in 2009–2010 (n = 504) and 2020 (n = 340). The antimicrobial susceptibility of E. coli was determined by the disk diffusion method. PCRs were conducted to detect phylogenetic groups, ST131, K1 capsule antigen, and 15 virulence factors. Phylogenetic group B2 dominated in our 2009–2010 and 2020 isolates. Moreover, no phylogenetic group E strains were isolated in 2020. E. coli isolates in 2020 were more susceptible to amoxicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, cefuroxime, cefmetazole, ceftazidime, cefoxitin, tetracycline, and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, compared to the isolates in 2009–2010. Extensively drug-resistant (XDR)-E. coli in 2009–2010 were detected in groups B1 (5 isolates), B2 (12 isolates), F (8 isolates), and unknown (1 isolate). In 2020, XDR-E. coli were only detected in groups A (2 isolates), B2 (5 isolates), D (1 isolate), and F (4 isolates). The prevalence of virulence factor genes aer and fimH were higher in E. coli in 2009–2010 compared to those in 2020. In contrast, afa and sat showed higher frequencies in E. coli isolates in 2020 compared to E. coli in 2009–2010.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document