scholarly journals Disease Duration Determines Canine Distemper Virus Neurovirulence

2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (21) ◽  
pp. 12066-12070 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Bonami ◽  
Penny A. Rudd ◽  
Veronika von Messling
Keyword(s):  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Neurological Involvement ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Neurological Signs ◽  
H Protein ◽  
Type Strains

ABSTRACT The Morbillivirus hemagglutinin (H) protein mediates attachment to the target cell. To evaluate its contribution to canine distemper virus neurovirulence, we exchanged the H proteins of the wild-type strains 5804P and A75 and assessed the pathogenesis of the chimeric viruses in ferrets. Both strains are lethal to ferrets; however, 5804P causes a 2-week disease without neurological signs, whereas A75 is associated with a longer disease course and neurological involvement. We observed that both H proteins supported neuroinvasion and the subsequent development of clinical neurological signs if given enough time, demonstrating that disease duration is the main neurovirulence determinant.

scholarly journals Molecular detection and phylogenetic relationship of wild-type strains of canine distemper virus in symptomatic dogs from Uberlândia, Minas Gerais

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1510-1518
Author(s):  
S.A. Headley ◽  
T.R. Santos ◽  
L. Bodnar ◽  
J.P.E. Saut ◽  
A.P. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Type Strains

This study investigated the occurrence of canine distemper virus (CDV) by evaluating the presence of viral RNA within urine samples of dogs from Uberlândia, MG, with clinical manifestations suggestive of infection by CDV by targeting the CDV N gene. Of the clinical samples collected ( n =33), CDV viruria was detected in 45.5%. Five dogs died spontaneously; all had characteristic CDV-associated histopathological alterations and demonstrated CDV viruria. Statistical analyses revealed that the age, gender, breed, or the organ system of the dog affected had no influence on the occurrence of canine distemper. Myoclonus and motor incoordination were the most significant neurological manifestations observed. A direct association was observed between keratoconjunctivitis and dogs with CDV viruria. These findings suggest that CDV viruria in symptomatic dogs might not be age related, and that symptomatic dogs can demonstrate clinical manifestations attributed to CDV without viruria identified by RT-PCR. Additionally, the results of the sequence identities analysed have suggested that all Brazilian wild-type strains of CDV currently identified are closely related and probably originated from the same lineage of CDV. Nevertheless, phylogenetic analyses suggest that there are different clusters of wild-type strains of CDV circulating within urban canine populations in Brazil.

scholarly journals Genome Sequences of Three Vaccine Strains and Two Wild-Type Canine Distemper Virus Strains from a Recent Disease Outbreak in South Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (27) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelika K. Loots ◽  
Morné Du Plessis ◽  
Desiré Lee Dalton ◽  
Emily Mitchell ◽  
Estelle H. Venter
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
African Lineage ◽  
Type Strains ◽  
Virus Strains

ABSTRACT Canine distemper virus causes global multihost infectious disease. This report details complete genome sequences of three vaccine and two new wild-type strains. The wild-type strains belong to the South African lineage, and all three vaccine strains to the America 1 lineage. This constitutes the first genomic sequences of this virus from South Africa.

Isolation and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Canine Distemper Virus from a Naturally Infected Dog in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongliang Zhang ◽  
Peipei Meng ◽  
Xiaoming Song ◽  
Shuguang Li ◽  
Ruimei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Glycosylation Site ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Neutralization Titer ◽  
Genotype I ◽  
H Gene ◽  
Type Strains

Background: Canine distemper virus (CDV) can infect a variety of predators, such as Canidae, Mustelidae and Procyonidae family and cause high morbidity and mortality. Genetic/antigenic heterogeneity has been observed among various CDV strains, notably in the haemagglutinin (H) gene. Based on sequence analysis of the H gene, wild-type CDV strains can be divided into distinct genotypes. Methods: We used Vero/SLAM cells to isolate CDV strains from clinically naturally infected dog tissues. Here, the H gene sequence of the isolated strain was analyzed for the restriction enzyme polymorphism with RT-PCR-RFLP method and the method could be used to distinguish CDV vaccine strains from wild-type strains. Furthermore, the genetic and antigenic variation of the H gene was also analyzed.Result: Our results indicated that Vero cells expressing canine SLAM allow the efficient isolation of CDV wild-type strains. The isolated CDV was named Shandong strain. Phylogenetic analysis identified that Shandong strain was CDV wild-type strain, the Asian genotype I. Analysis of the potential glycosylation site of the H gene and determination of the neutralization titer PD50 showed that there were immunogenic differences between the Shandong strain and the vaccine strains.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic analyses of the hemagglutinin gene of wild-type strains of canine distemper virus in southern Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 2549-2555 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.J. Negrão ◽  
N.R. Gardinali ◽  
S.A. Headley ◽  
A.A. Alfieri ◽  
M.A. Fernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Hemagglutinin Gene ◽  
Type Strains

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of the attachment (H) protein gene of current field isolates of canine distemper virus.

1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Bolt ◽  
P Arctander ◽  
T D Jensen ◽  
M J Appel ◽  
E Gottschalck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Current Field ◽  
Field Isolates ◽  
H Protein

scholarly journals Sequence Analysis and Expression of the Attachment and Fusion Proteins of Canine Distemper Virus Wild-Type Strain A75/17

1999 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 2263-2269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Cherpillod ◽  
Karin Beck ◽  
Andreas Zurbriggen ◽  
Riccardo Wittek
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Fusion Protein ◽  
Translation Initiation ◽  
Fusion Proteins ◽  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Attachment Protein

ABSTRACT The biological properties of wild-type A75/17 and cell culture-adapted Onderstepoort canine distemper virus differ markedly. To learn more about the molecular basis for these differences, we have isolated and sequenced the protein-coding regions of the attachment and fusion proteins of wild-type canine distemper virus strain A75/17. In the attachment protein, a total of 57 amino acid differences were observed between the Onderstepoort strain and strain A75/17, and these were distributed evenly over the entire protein. Interestingly, the attachment protein of strain A75/17 contained an extension of three amino acids at the C terminus. Expression studies showed that the attachment protein of strain A75/17 had a higher apparent molecular mass than the attachment protein of the Onderstepoort strain, in both the presence and absence of tunicamycin. In the fusion protein, 60 amino acid differences were observed between the two strains, of which 44 were clustered in the much smaller F2 portion of the molecule. Significantly, the AUG that has been proposed as a translation initiation codon in the Onderstepoort strain is an AUA codon in strain A75/17. Detailed mutation analyses showed that both the first and second AUGs of strain A75/17 are the major translation initiation sites of the fusion protein. Similar analyses demonstrated that, also in the Onderstepoort strain, the first two AUGs are the translation initiation codons which contribute most to the generation of precursor molecules yielding the mature form of the fusion protein.

scholarly journals Protective Immunity against Canine Distemper Virus in Dogs Induced by Intranasal Immunization with a Recombinant Probiotic Expressing the Viral H Protein

Vaccines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Yanping Jiang ◽  
Shuo Jia ◽  
Dianzhong Zheng ◽  
Fengsai Li ◽  
Shengwen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Intranasal Route ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Protection Efficacy ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
High Level ◽  
H Protein

Canine distemper virus (CDV) elicits a severe contagious disease in a broad range of hosts. CDV mortality rates are 50% in domestic dogs and 100% in ferrets. Its primary infection sites are respiratory and intestinal mucosa. This study aimed to develop an effective mucosal CDV vaccine using a non-antibiotic marked probiotic pPGΔCm-T7g10-EGFP-H/L. casei 393 strain expressing the CDV H protein. Its immunogenicity in BALB/c mice was evaluated using intranasal and oral vaccinations, whereas in dogs the intranasal route was used for vaccination. Our results indicate that this probiotic vaccine can stimulate a high level of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA)-based mucosal and IgG-based humoral immune responses in mice. SIgA levels in the nasal lavage and lungs were significantly higher in intranasally vaccinated mice than those in orally vaccinated mice. Both antigen-specific IgG and sIgA antibodies were effectively elicited in dogs through the intranasal route and demonstrated superior immunogenicity. The immune protection efficacy of the probiotic vaccine was evaluated by challenging the immunized dogs with virulent CDV 42 days after primary immunization. Dogs of the pPGΔCm-T7g10-EGFP-H/L. casei 393 group were completely protected against CDV. The proposed probiotic vaccine could be promising for protection against CDV infection in dogs.

scholarly journals The fusion protein of wild-type canine distemper virus is a major determinant of persistent infection

Virology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 337 (2) ◽  
pp. 312-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Plattet ◽  
Jean-Paul Rivals ◽  
Benoît Zuber ◽  
Jean-Marc Brunner ◽  
Andreas Zurbriggen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusion Protein ◽  
Persistent Infection ◽  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Major Determinant ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Wild Type
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