scholarly journals Linear mitochondrial DNAs of yeasts: frequency of occurrence and general features.

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2309-2314 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Fukuhara ◽  
F Sor ◽  
R Drissi ◽  
N Dinouël ◽  
I Miyakawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Gene Arrangement ◽  
Mitochondrial Genomes ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Linear Forms ◽  
Homologous Sequences ◽  
Circular Molecule ◽  
Mitochondrial Dnas ◽  
Left And Right

In most yeast species, the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been reported to be a circular molecule. However, two cases of linear mtDNA with specific termini have previously been described. We examined the frequency of occurrence of linear forms of mtDNA among yeasts by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Among the 58 species from the genera Pichia and Williopsis that we examined, linear mtDNA was found with unexpectedly high frequency. Thirteen species contained a linear mtDNA, as confirmed by restriction mapping, and labeling, and electron microscopy. The mtDNAs from Pichia pijperi, Williopsis mrakii, and P. jadinii were studied in detail. In each case, the left and right terminal fragments shared homologous sequences. Between the terminal repeats, the order of mitochondrial genes was the same in all of the linear mtDNAs examined, despite a large variation of the genome size. This constancy of gene order is in contrast with the great variation of gene arrangement in circular mitochondrial genomes of yeasts. The coding sequences determined on several genes were highly homologous to those of the circular mtDNAs, suggesting that these two forms of mtDNA are not of distant origins.

Linear mitochondrial DNAs of yeasts: frequency of occurrence and general features

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2309-2314
Author(s):  
H Fukuhara ◽  
F Sor ◽  
R Drissi ◽  
N Dinouël ◽  
I Miyakawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Gene Arrangement ◽  
Mitochondrial Genomes ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Linear Forms ◽  
Homologous Sequences ◽  
Circular Molecule ◽  
Mitochondrial Dnas ◽  
Left And Right

In most yeast species, the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been reported to be a circular molecule. However, two cases of linear mtDNA with specific termini have previously been described. We examined the frequency of occurrence of linear forms of mtDNA among yeasts by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Among the 58 species from the genera Pichia and Williopsis that we examined, linear mtDNA was found with unexpectedly high frequency. Thirteen species contained a linear mtDNA, as confirmed by restriction mapping, and labeling, and electron microscopy. The mtDNAs from Pichia pijperi, Williopsis mrakii, and P. jadinii were studied in detail. In each case, the left and right terminal fragments shared homologous sequences. Between the terminal repeats, the order of mitochondrial genes was the same in all of the linear mtDNAs examined, despite a large variation of the genome size. This constancy of gene order is in contrast with the great variation of gene arrangement in circular mitochondrial genomes of yeasts. The coding sequences determined on several genes were highly homologous to those of the circular mtDNAs, suggesting that these two forms of mtDNA are not of distant origins.

scholarly journals Evolutionary history of mitochondrial genomes in Discoba, including the extreme halophile Pleurostomum flabellatum (Heterolobosea)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaoula Ettahi ◽  
Duck Hyun Lhee ◽  
Ji Yeon Sung ◽  
Alastair G B Simpson ◽  
Jong Soo Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Nuclear Genome ◽  
Gene Arrangement ◽  
Mitochondrial Genomes ◽  
Transport Chain ◽  
Circular Molecule ◽  
History Of ◽  
Extreme Habitats ◽  
Genome Information ◽  
Naegleria Gruberi

Abstract Data from Discoba (Heterolobosea, Euglenozoa, Tsukubamonadida, and Jakobida) are essential to understand the evolution of mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes), since this clade includes the most primitive-looking mitogenomes known, as well some extremely divergent genome information systems. Heterolobosea encompasses more than 150 described species, many of them from extreme habitats, but only six heterolobosean mitogenomes have been fully sequenced to date. Here we complete the mitogenome of the heterolobosean Pleurostomum flabellatum, which is extremely halophilic and reportedly also lacks classical mitochondrial cristae, hinting at reduction or loss of respiratory function. The mitogenome of P. flabellatum maps as a 57,829 bp long circular molecule, including 40 CDSs (19 tRNA, two rRNA, and 19 orfs). The gene content and gene arrangement are similar to Naegleria gruberi and N. fowleri, the closest relatives with sequenced mitogenomes. The P. flabellatum mitogenome contains genes that encode components of the electron transport chain similar to those of Naegleria mitogenomes. Homology searches against a draft nuclear genome showed that P. flabellatum has two homologs of the highly conserved Mic60 subunit of the MICOS complex, and likely lost Mic19 and Mic10. However, electron microscopy showed no cristae structures. We infer that P. flabellatum, which originates from high salinity (313‰) water where the dissolved-oxygen concentration is low, possesses a mitochondrion capable of aerobic respiration, but with reduced development of cristae structure reflecting limited use of this aerobic capacity (e.g., microaerophily).

Fungus Spaeropsis Malorum peck. One of the currant stalk drying agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 172-178
Author(s):  
S. E. Golovin
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Ribes Nigrum ◽  
Black Currant ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Pear Trees ◽  
Red Currant

The article highlights the results of research carried out in 2019-2020 to study the reasons for the drying out of the stems of black currant (Ribes nigrum L.), red currant (Ribes rubrum L.) and golden currant (Ribes aureum L.). As a result of research, the fungus Sphaeropsis malorum Peck. in the first in Russia it was revealed from the drying stems of three types of black currants, red currants and golden currants. This  pathogen inhabited currant stems together with fungi from the genus Cytospora spp., causative agents of stem drying. On red currants, it was established that S. malorum was the main causative agent of branch drying, as indicated by the high frequency of occurrence (75.0-83.3 %) of this fungus on the affected stems, compared with species from the genus Cytospora spp. (16.7-33.3 %) and Phomopsis ribesia (25.0 %). Due to the fact that the cultivation of currants in the immediate vicinity of apple and pear trees leads to infection of plants with the fungus S. malorum, it is necessary to avoid planting currants in the vicinity of fruit-bearing seed gardens.

Ultrastructural Changes of Candida albicans Species Induced by the Presence of Sodium Diclofenac

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2566-2569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Rusu ◽  
Ionela Sarbu ◽  
Magdalena Mitache ◽  
Horatiu Moldovan ◽  
Carmen Ioana Biris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Medical Treatments ◽  
Sodium Diclofenac ◽  
Cell Wall Disruption ◽  
Candidiasis Treatment

The high frequency of occurrence of candidiasis as well as high mortality of patients with immunosuppression cause a tendency toward better understanding of Candida albicans species virulence factors and developing sensitive and specific diagnostic methods, and appropriate strategies of candidiasis treatment. In recent decades the incidence of fungal infections has alarming increases because of advanced medical treatments. In this study was analyzed possible ultrastructural changes of the species C. albicans cells following treatment with sodium diclofenac at various concentrations. Following treatment of C. albicans cells with sodium diclofenac 1 mM and 2 mM changes in the plasmalemma can be noticed, changes in the density of cell wall, disruption and necrotic appearance of the cytoplasm.

scholarly journals Two Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of Mileewinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and a Phylogenetic Analysis

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 668
Author(s):  
Tinghao Yu ◽  
Yalin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Intergenic Spacer ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Start Codon ◽  
Gene Arrangement ◽  
Mitochondrial Genomes ◽  
Protein Coding

More studies are using mitochondrial genomes of insects to explore the sequence variability, evolutionary traits, monophyly of groups and phylogenetic relationships. Controversies remain on the classification of the Mileewinae and the phylogenetic relationships between Mileewinae and other subfamilies remain ambiguous. In this study, we present two newly completed mitogenomes of Mileewinae (Mileewa rufivena Cai and Kuoh 1997 and Ujna puerana Yang and Meng 2010) and conduct comparative mitogenomic analyses based on several different factors. These species have quite similar features, including their nucleotide content, codon usage of protein genes and the secondary structure of tRNA. Gene arrangement is identical and conserved, the same as the putative ancestral pattern of insects. All protein-coding genes of U. puerana began with the start codon ATN, while 5 Mileewa species had the abnormal initiation codon TTG in ND5 and ATP8. Moreover, M. rufivena had an intergenic spacer of 17 bp that could not be found in other mileewine species. Phylogenetic analysis based on three datasets (PCG123, PCG12 and AA) with two methods (maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference) recovered the Mileewinae as a monophyletic group with strong support values. All results in our study indicate that Mileewinae has a closer phylogenetic relationship to Typhlocybinae compared to Cicadellinae. Additionally, six species within Mileewini revealed the relationship (U. puerana + (M. ponta + (M. rufivena + M. alara) + (M. albovittata + M. margheritae))) in most of our phylogenetic trees. These results contribute to the study of the taxonomic status and phylogenetic relationships of Mileewinae.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial Genomes from Two Specialized Subfamilies of Reduviidae (Insecta: Hemiptera) Reveal Novel Gene Rearrangements of True Bugs

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1134
Author(s):  
Fei Ye ◽  
Hu Li ◽  
Qiang Xie
Keyword(s):  
Gene Rearrangement ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Gene Arrangement ◽  
Mitochondrial Genomes ◽  
Current View ◽  
Novel Gene ◽  
Spot Group

Reduviidae, a hyper-diverse family, comprise 25 subfamilies with nearly 7000 species and include many natural enemies of crop pests and vectors of human disease. To date, 75 mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of assassin bugs from only 11 subfamilies have been reported. The limited sampling of mitogenome at higher categories hinders a deep understanding of mitogenome evolution and reduviid phylogeny. In this study, the first mitogenomes of Holoptilinae (Ptilocnemus lemur) and Emesinae (Ischnobaenella hainana) were sequenced. Two novel gene orders were detected in the newly sequenced mitogenomes. Combined 421 heteropteran mitogenomes, we identified 21 different gene orders and six gene rearrangement units located in three gene blocks. Comparative analyses of the diversity of gene order for each unit reveal that the tRNA gene cluster trnI-trnQ-trnM is the hotspot of heteropteran gene rearrangement. Furthermore, combined analyses of the gene rearrangement richness of each unit and the whole mitogenome among heteropteran lineages confirm Reduviidae as a ‘hot-spot group’ of gene rearrangement in Heteroptera. The phylogenetic analyses corroborate the current view of phylogenetic relationships between basal groups of Reduviidae with high support values. Our study provides deeper insights into the evolution of mitochondrial gene arrangement in Heteroptera and the early divergence of reduviids.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF APHARM A COLOGICAL COMPOUND BASED ON SILATIVIT AND PERCUTANEO US ELECTRONE UROSTIMUL ATION AFTER LASER CURET TAGE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Е. Светлакова ◽  
E. Svetlakova ◽  
Ю. Мандра ◽  
J. Mandra ◽  
Н. Жегалина ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Dental Lasers ◽  
Percutaneous Electroneurostimulation

<p>Nowadays the treatment of periodontal diseases is an actual problem, that is caused by high frequency of occurrence of periodontopathies. diode dental lasers are nowadays often used for treatment periodontal pockets. Using hydrogel based on silativit and percutaneous electroneurostimulation healing of the wound surfaces.</p><p> </p><p> </p>

scholarly journals High frequency of potentially pathogenic yeast species in goat’s raw milk and creamed cheese in Southern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Andréia Spanamberg ◽  
Jesus Pais Ramos ◽  
Orílio Leoncini ◽  
Sydney Hartz Alves ◽  
Patrícia Valente
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Pathogenic Yeast

scholarly journals Seasonal variation on diet of juvenile Elops saurus Linnaeus, 1766 (Ladyfish) in the Parnaiba River Delta

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiane Araujo Santos ◽  
Thamires Souza Gonçalves ◽  
Patricia Silva do Nascimento ◽  
Cézar Augusto Freire Fernandes ◽  
Francisca Edna de Andrade Cunha
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Importance Index

Abstract: Aim Identify seasonal variations in the diet of juvenile living in the estuary of the Parnaíba River Delta. Methods Food items were identified through analysis of stomach contents, and later submitted to analysis by regular methods for Frequency of Occurrence (FO), Frequency Numerical (FN), Gravimetric Frequency (FW) and Relative Importance Index (IRI). Results Juvenile diet of Elops saurus that inhabit the lagoons in the Parnaíba delta was composed in order decreasing of importance by Osteichthyes (Teleostei), Insecta and Crustacea in addition to Polychaeta and Nematoda. It was also observed a high frequency of occurrence of fragments of plastics in the diet. In the rainy season, 17 items were recorded in the diet, whereas in the dry season only 7 items were present. Relative Importance Index showed high presence of the Teleostei fish (69.93%) on diet of E. saurus during the rainy season, whereas during the dry period the insects of the families Corixidae (43.25%) and Dysticidae (39.16%). Conclusions With the study it was possible to identify that juvenile are piscivorous in the rainy season when there is a higher availability of prey in the environment and insectivores in the dry season when it reduces the supply of food, indicating feeding flexibility to environmental alterations.

scholarly journals Bilateral Asymmetries in Ultrasound Assessments of the Rectus Femoris throughout an NCAA Division I Volleyball Preseason

Sports ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Sanders ◽  
Brian Boos ◽  
Frank Shipley ◽  
Corey Peacock
Keyword(s):  
Ncaa Division I ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Division I ◽  
High Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Left And Right

The purpose of the study was to assess glycogen content of the rectus femoris (RF) muscles utilizing high-frequency ultrasound throughout an intensive, nine-day preseason training period in NCAA division I volleyball athletes. In the morning prior to the beginning of practice, athletes (n = 13) left and right RF muscles were assessed via ultrasound to quantify muscle fuel ratings (0–100 score range). The recommended location of the RF ultrasound scans were based on manufacturer guidelines, and the same technician recorded the daily measurements. To assess daily training load, session ratings of perceived exertion (s-RPE) were utilized. A paired t-test revealed a large significant difference between left (51.7 ± 17.9) and right (32.8 ± 17.4) RF muscle fuel ratings (p < 0.001). There was also a major effect of time on s-RPE (p < 0.001) and left (dominant) RF fuel rating (p = 0.001). s-RPE decreased from the beginning to the end of the training camp. However, left RF fuel ratings increased from the first to the second day, then remained elevated all throughout the preseason. In conclusion, all athletes were left-leg dominant and had a 57.6% bilateral asymmetry between their left and right RF muscle fuel ratings despite changes in training load. High-frequency ultrasounds are a noninvasive assessment tool that can determine glycogen replenishment asymmetries in the RF.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document