scholarly journals Tracking Recombination Events That Occur in Conjugative Virulence Plasmid p15WZ-82_Vir during the Transmission Process

mSystems ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuemei Yang ◽  
Lianwei Ye ◽  
Edward Wai-Chi Chan ◽  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Sheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Homologous Recombination ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Virulence Plasmid ◽  
Plasmid Evolution ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Virulence Plasmids ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
Encoding Genes

ABSTRACT We recently reported the recovery of a conjugative virulence plasmid, p15WZ-82_Vir, from a clinical Klebsiella variicola strain. In this study, we found that several new plasmid types were generated due to genetic rearrangement. Partial integration of plasmid p15WZ-82_Vir with existing plasmids such as resistance plasmids by different homologous recombination events was observable in three recipient strains. Such recombination events enable the formation of various types of mosaic plasmids simultaneously carrying virulence-encoding and antibiotic resistance-encoding genes as well as genes involved in plasmid conjugation, which promote transmission of various virulence-encoding and resistance-encoding elements among pathogens. Our data also suggest that these conjugative events may play an integral role in the development of novel mosaic plasmids, which is vital for plasmid evolution. IMPORTANCE Although they are often nonconjugative, large virulence plasmids are increasingly detected in clinical K. pneumoniae and contribute to the hypervirulence phenotype of this organism. In this study, we demonstrated that the virulence-encoding region that originated from virulence plasmid pLVPK actively interacted with different types of plasmids via homologous recombination to generate new conjugative plasmids. This report provides insights into the evolution of self-transmissible plasmids carrying genetic elements encoding both hypervirulent and multidrug-resistant phenotypes, which facilitate the rapid development of clinical K. pneumoniae strains that are hypervirulent and multidrug resistant.

scholarly journals An IncR Plasmid Harbored by a Hypervirulent Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Strain Possesses Five Tandem Repeats of the blaKPC-2::NTEKPC-Id Fragment

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Dong ◽  
Lizhang Liu ◽  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Kaichao Chen ◽  
Miaomiao Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Homologous Recombination ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Dna Recombination ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Plasmid Evolution ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant

ABSTRACT Completed sequences of three plasmids from a carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate, SH9, were obtained. In addition to the pLVPK-like virulence-conferring plasmid (pVir-CR-HvKP_SH9), the two multidrug-resistant plasmids (pKPC-CR-HvKP4_SH9 and pCTX-M-CR-HvKP4_SH9) were predicted to originate from a single pKPC-CR-HvKP4-like multireplicon plasmid through homologous recombination. Interestingly, the blaKPC-2 gene was detectable in five tandem repeats exhibiting the format of an NTEKPC-Id-like transposon (IS26-ΔTn3-ISKpn8-blaKPC-2-ΔISKpn6-korC-orf-IS26). The data suggest an important role of DNA recombination in mediating active plasmid evolution.

scholarly journals Phylogenomic Analysis of Extraintestinal PathogenicEscherichia coliSequence Type 1193, an Emerging Multidrug-Resistant Clonal Group

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Johnson ◽  
Ehud Elnekave ◽  
Elizabeth A. Miller ◽  
Jeannette Munoz-Aguayo ◽  
Cristian Flores Figueroa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Virulence Plasmid ◽  
Phylogenomic Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Genome Phylogeny ◽  
Chromosomal Mutations ◽  
Gains And Losses

ABSTRACTThe fluoroquinolone-resistant sequence type 1193 (ST1193) ofEscherichia coli, from the ST14 clonal complex (STc14) within phylogenetic group B2, has appeared recently as an important cause of extraintestinal disease in humans. Although this emerging lineage has been characterized to some extent using conventional methods, it has not been studied extensively at the genomic level. Here, we used whole-genome sequence analysis to compare 355 ST1193 isolates with 72 isolates from other STs within STc14. Using core genome phylogeny, the ST1193 isolates formed a tightly clustered clade with many genotypic similarities, unlike ST14 isolates. All ST1193 isolates possessed the same set of three chromosomal mutations conferring fluoroquinolone resistance, carried thefimH64allele, and were lactose non-fermenting. Analysis revealed an evolutionary progression from K1 to K5 capsular types and acquisition of an F-type virulence plasmid, followed by changes in plasmid structure congruent with genome phylogeny. In contrast, the numerous identified antimicrobial resistance genes were distributed incongruently with the underlying phylogeny, suggesting frequent gain or loss of the corresponding resistance gene cassettes despite retention of the presumed carrier plasmids. Pangenome analysis revealed gains and losses of genetic loci occurring during the transition from ST14 to ST1193 and from the K1 to K5 capsular types. Using time-scaled phylogenetic analysis, we estimated that current ST1193 clades first emerged approximately 25 years ago. Overall, ST1193 appears to be a recently emerged clone in which both stepwise and mosaic evolution have contributed to epidemiologic success.

scholarly journals Genomic evolution and local epidemiology of Klebsiella pneumoniae from a major hospital in Beijing, China, over a 15 year period: dissemination of known and novel high-risk clones

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattia Palmieri ◽  
Kelly L. Wyres ◽  
Caroline Mirande ◽  
Zhao Qiang ◽  
Ye Liyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Virulence Plasmid ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Beijing China

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a frequent cause of nosocomial and severe community-acquired infections. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and hypervirulent (hv) strains represent major threats, and tracking their emergence, evolution and the emerging convergence of MDR and hv traits is of major importance. We employed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to study the evolution and epidemiology of a large longitudinal collection of clinical K. pneumoniae isolates from the H301 hospital in Beijing, China. Overall, the population was highly diverse, although some clones were predominant. Strains belonging to clonal group (CG) 258 were dominant, and represented the majority of carbapenemase-producers. While CG258 strains showed high diversity, one clone, ST11-KL47, represented the majority of isolates, and was highly associated with the KPC-2 carbapenemase and several virulence factors, including a virulence plasmid. The second dominant clone was CG23, which is the major hv clone globally. While it is usually susceptible to multiple antibiotics, we found some isolates harbouring MDR plasmids encoding for ESBLs and carbapenemases. We also reported the local emergence of a recently described high-risk clone, ST383. Conversely to strains belonging to CG258, which are usually associated to KPC-2, ST383 strains seem to readily acquire carbapenemases of different types. Moreover, we found several ST383 strains carrying the hypervirulence plasmid. Overall, we detected about 5 % of simultaneous carriage of AMR genes (ESBLs or carbapenemases) and hypervirulence genes. Tracking the emergence and evolution of such strains, causing severe infections with limited treatment options, is fundamental in order to understand their origin and evolution and to limit their spread. This article contains data hosted by Microreact.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of Klebsiella pneumoniae Phage Sweeny

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (39) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Martinez ◽  
Eric Williams ◽  
Heather Newkirk ◽  
Mei Liu ◽  
Jason J. Gill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacterium ◽  
Protein Encoding ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
Encoding Genes

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a multidrug-resistant bacterium causing many severe hospital-acquired infections. Here, we describe siphophage Sweeny that infects K. pneumoniae. Of its 78 predicted protein-encoding genes, a functional assignment was given to 36 of them. Sweeny is most closely related to T1-like phages at the protein level.

scholarly journals Emergence of a Multidrug-Resistant Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae Sequence Type 23 Strain with a Rare blaCTX-M-24-Harboring Virulence Plasmid

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dingxia Shen ◽  
Guannan Ma ◽  
Cuidan Li ◽  
Xinmiao Jia ◽  
Chuan Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Hybrid Plasmid ◽  
Virulence Plasmid ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT Here, we report a multidrug-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (MDR-HvKP) strain of sequence type 23 (ST23) with a rare hybrid plasmid harboring virulence genes and blaCTX-M-24, and we analyze the genetic basis for relationship between genotypes and MDR-hypervirulence phenotypes. Further analysis indicates that the hybrid plasmid is formed by IS903D-mediated intermolecular transposition of the blaCTX-M-24 gene into the virulence plasmid. The emergence of MDR-HvKP strains, especially those carrying drug-resistant virulent plasmids, poses unprecedented threats/challenges to public health. This is a dangerous trend and should be closely monitored.

scholarly journals Multidrug-Resistant Sequence Type 235 Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates Producing IMP-26 with Increased Carbapenem-Hydrolyzing Activities in Vietnam

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 6853-6858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Tada ◽  
Pham Hong Nhung ◽  
Tohru Miyoshi-Akiyama ◽  
Kayo Shimada ◽  
Mitsuhiro Tsuchiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Medical Setting ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Whole Genomes ◽  
Encoding Genes

ABSTRACTForty clinical isolates of multidrug-resistantPseudomonas aeruginosawere obtained in a medical setting in Hanoi, Vietnam. Whole genomes of all 40 isolates were sequenced by MiSeq (Illumina), and phylogenic trees were constructed from the single nucleotide polymorphism concatemers. Of these 40 isolates, 24 (60.0%) harbored metallo-β-lactamase-encoding genes, includingblaIMP-15,blaIMP-26,blaIMP-51, and/orblaNDM-1. Of these 24 isolates, 12 harboredblaIMP-26and belonged to sequence type 235 (ST235).Escherichia coliexpressingblaIMP-26was significantly more resistant to doripenem and meropenem thanE. coliexpressingblaIMP-1andblaIMP-15. IMP-26 showed higher catalytic activity against doripenem and meropenem than IMP-1 and against all carbapenems tested, including doripenem, imipenem, meropenem, and panipenem, than did IMP-15. These data suggest that clinical isolates of multidrug-resistant ST235P. aeruginosaproducing IMP-26 with increased carbapenem-hydrolyzing activities are spreading in medical settings in Vietnam.

scholarly journals MgrB Inactivation Is a Common Mechanism of Colistin Resistance in KPC-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae of Clinical Origin

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 5696-5703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Cannatelli ◽  
Tommaso Giani ◽  
Marco Maria D'Andrea ◽  
Vincenzo Di Pilato ◽  
Fabio Arena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
Modification System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Insertional Inactivation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Intragenic Deletions

ABSTRACTKlebsiella pneumoniaestrains producing KPC-type carbapenemases (KPC-KP) are challenging multidrug-resistant pathogens due to their extensively drug-resistant phenotypes and potential for epidemic dissemination in health care settings. Colistin is a key component of the combination antimicrobial regimens used for treatment of severe KPC-KP infections. We previously reported that insertional inactivation of themgrBgene, encoding a negative-feedback regulator of the PhoQ-PhoP signaling system, can be responsible for colistin resistance in KPC-KP, due to the resulting upregulation of the Pmr lipopolysaccharide modification system. In this work we investigated the status of themgrBgene in a collection of 66 colistin-resistant nonreplicate clinical strains of KPC-KP isolated from different hospitals in Italy and Greece. Overall, 35 strains (53%) exhibited alterations of themgrBgene, including insertions of different types of mobile elements (IS5-like, IS1F-like, or ISKpn14), nonsilent point mutations, and small intragenic deletions. Four additional strains had a larger deletion of themgrBlocus, while the remaining 27 strains (41%) did not showmgrBalterations. Transcriptional upregulation of thephoQandpmrKgenes (part of thephoPQandpmrHFIJKLMoperon, respectively) was observed in all strains withmgrBalterations. Complementation experiments with a wild-typemgrBgene restored colistin susceptibility and basal expression levels ofphoQandpmrKgenes in strains carrying different types ofmgrBalterations. The present results suggest thatmgrBalteration can be a common mechanism of colistin resistance among KPC-KP in the clinical setting.

scholarly journals Integrons and Transposons on the Salmonellaenterica Serovar Typhimurium Virulence Plasmid

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 1194-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Villa ◽  
Alessandra Carattoli
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Virulence Plasmid ◽  
Virulence Determinants ◽  
Plasmid Evolution ◽  
Class 1 Integrons ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Class 1

ABSTRACT A virulence plasmid was identified in a multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium strain carrying the spvC, rck, and pefA virulence genes and two class 1 integrons linked to the Tn21 and Tn1696 transposons. A novel trimethoprim resistance gene, designated dfrA23, was also identified within the integron region. The association of multidrug resistance and virulence determinants represents an interesting example of virulence plasmid evolution.

scholarly journals Vaccine Protection against Bacillus cereus-Mediated Respiratory Anthrax-Like Disease in Mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 1008-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
So-Young Oh ◽  
Hannah Maier ◽  
Jay Schroeder ◽  
G. Stefan Richter ◽  
Derek Elli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Protective Antigen ◽  
Fatal Case ◽  
Virulence Plasmid ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Lethal Challenge ◽  
Vaccine Protection ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Virulence Plasmids

ABSTRACTBacillus cereusstrains harboring a pXO1-like virulence plasmid cause respiratory anthrax-like disease in humans, particularly in welders. We developed mouse models for intraperitoneal as well as aerosol challenge with spores ofB. cereusG9241, harboring pBCXO1 and pBC218 virulence plasmids. Compared to wild-typeB. cereusG9241, spores with a deletion of the pBCXO1-carried protective antigen gene (pagA1) were severely attenuated, whereas spores with a deletion of the pBC218-carried protective antigen homologue (pagA2) were not. Anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA) immunization raised antibodies that bound and neutralized thepagA1-encoded protective antigen (PA1) but not the PA2 orthologue encoded bypagA2. AVA immunization protected mice against a lethal challenge with spores fromB. cereusG9241 orB. cereusElc4, a strain that had been isolated from a fatal case of anthrax-like disease. As the pathogenesis ofB. cereusanthrax-like disease in mice is dependent onpagA1and PA-neutralizing antibodies provide protection, AVA immunization may also protect humans from respiratory anthrax-like death.

scholarly journals Clonal Confinement of a Highly Mobile Resistance Element Driven by Combination Therapy in Rhodococcus equi

mBio ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonsiray Álvarez-Narváez ◽  
Steeve Giguère ◽  
Elisa Anastasi ◽  
Jack Hearn ◽  
Mariela Scortti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Clonal Expansion ◽  
The United States ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Rhodococcus Equi ◽  
Conjugative Plasmid ◽  
Virulence Plasmid ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT Antibiotic use has been linked to changes in the population structure of human pathogens and the clonal expansion of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains among healthcare- and community-acquired infections. Here we present a compelling example in a veterinary pathogen, Rhodococcus equi, the causative agent of a severe pulmonary infection affecting foals worldwide. We show that the erm(46) gene responsible for emerging macrolide resistance among equine R. equi isolates in the United States is part of a 6.9-kb transposable element, TnRErm46, actively mobilized by an IS481 family transposase. TnRErm46 is carried on an 87-kb conjugative plasmid, pRErm46, transferable between R. equi strains at frequencies up to 10−3. The erm(46) gene becomes stabilized in R. equi by pRErm46’s apparent fitness neutrality and wholesale TnRErm46 transposition onto the host genome. This includes the conjugally exchangeable pVAPA virulence plasmid, enabling the possibility of cotransfer of two essential traits for survival in macrolide-treated foals in a single mating event. Despite its high horizontal transfer potential, phylogenomic analyses show that erm(46) is paradoxically confined to a specific R. equi clone, 2287. R. equi 2287 also carries a unique rpoBS531F mutation conferring high-level resistance to rifampin, systematically administered together with macrolides against rhodococcal pneumonia on equine farms. Our data illustrate that under sustained combination therapy, several independent “founder” genetic events are concurrently required for resistance, limiting not only its emergence but also, crucially, horizontal spread, ultimately determining multiresistance clonality. IMPORTANCE MDR clades arise upon acquisition of resistance traits, but the determinants of their clonal expansion remain largely undefined. Taking advantage of the unique features of Rhodococcus equi infection control in equine farms, involving the same dual antibiotic treatment since the 1980s (a macrolide and rifampin), this study sheds light into the determinants of multiresistance clonality and the importance of combination therapy in limiting the dissemination of mobile resistance elements. Clinically effective therapeutic alternatives against R. equi foal pneumonia are currently lacking, and the identified macrolide-rifampin MDR clone 2287 has serious implications. Still at early stages of evolution and local spread, R. equi 2287 may disseminate globally, posing a significant threat to the equine industry and, also, public health due to the risk of zoonotic transmission. The characterization of the 2287 clone and its resistance determinants will enable targeted surveillance and control interventions to tackle the emergence of MDR R. equi.

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